研发/制造/营销跨职能整合与新产品开发: 产品创新性的差异效应研究

运用联盟组合管理能力高效获取和利用企业外部关键资源,对于提升企业突破性技术创新绩效具有重要意义。从企业资源观的视角,构建了联盟组合管理能力、关键资源获取与突破性技术创新绩效的理论模型。通过问卷调查和统计分析显示,联盟组合管理能力的三个维度与突破性技术创新绩效具有显著正相关。关系治理和组合协调对关键资源获取有显著影响,而关键资源获取又显著影响突破性技术创新绩效。关键资源获取在关系治理与突破性技术创新绩效中起到完全中介作用,在组合协调和突破性技术创新绩效之间起部分中介作用。     

高新技术企业的成长及其影响因素: 分位回归模型的一个应用

科技型企业被视为最具活力、潜力及成长性的创新群体,但往往会因为“新进入缺陷”步入“进不去、站不住、长不大”的困境,而针对这一普遍现象的研究中,从技术创新属性评估角度对其初创期技术战略的探讨相对匮乏。通过对科技型企业定义及初创期的研究现状进行溯源与梳理;再从“技术”视角对技术创新属性及评估方法进行综述;然后通过对技术战略研究的回顾,重点评述了开放性思维下诞生的专利组合和技术联盟战略的相关研究,剖析了它们与传统技术战略之间不同的技术发展逻辑;最后提出该领域的研究缺失和未来研究方向。     

公共服务平台下虚拟联盟成员选择机制及联盟企业间协同制造问题研究

本文主要研究了公共服务平台下虚拟联盟成员选择和联盟企业间协同生产的联合优化问题。该问题主要涉及到虚拟联盟战略层面和运营层面两个层面,旨在实现虚拟联盟成员选择、订单分配和生产排序等三个阶段的协同优化。在分析单一联盟企业的生产排序最优化性质的基础上,本文给出了涉及到顾客订单分配和联盟成员选择的结构化性质。考虑到联合优化问题的复杂性,引入并拓展了用于求解连续优化问题的树种算法,开发了嵌入二维离散编码策略和离散种子生成规则的离散树种算法,给出了结合前述结构化性质的适应度计算方法,并开展了一系列仿真对比试验,实验结果表明所提算法相较于离散萤火虫算法和集合蛙跳算法等离散智能优化算法而言,在求解质量和鲁棒性上具有一定的优越性。本文的主要创新点在于提出了横跨战略层面和运营层面的虚拟联盟协同模型,开发了新颖的离散树种算法,能够为虚拟制造联盟的组建和运行提供一定的指导意义。     

企业营销联盟合作伙伴选择及合作关系稳定性分析

企业进行合作营销,建立营销联盟,合作伙伴的选择是首先要面对的问题。从合作伙伴的兼容性和合作伙伴的贡献能力两大方面对营销联盟合作伙伴的选择进行研究,并以这两个要素建立二维模型,对营销联盟合作关系的稳定性进行分析。     

Defense Industry Restructuring: Trends in European and U.S. Defense Companies

The national defense industries have recognized that world circumstances have changed and consequently some radical changes are also required in their own structures. Increased concentration of defense production indicates that the central defense-industrial policy dilemma between the benefits of economies of scale and the benefits of competition has gradually been resolved in favor of scale economies. This article analyses the restructuring underway from a political-business perspective. It compares the different forms of corporate linkage ranging from full merger and takeover via less dramatic ties associated with strategic alliances and minority shareholdings to joint ventures. In particular, it explores these approaches from the perspective of their suitability to restructuring in the politically sensitive defense industry when the process spans national boundaries. The structure of the analysis involves an assessment of the progress of the U.S. defense industry and identification of the drives for change and the underlying dynamics of this industry. This gives a platform for a parallel analysis of pressures and changes among the European defense industry, leading to an analysis of how U.S. and European companies are placed regarding the industrial trends towards globalization.     

Building Community-Based Alliances Between GLBTQQA Youth and Adults in Rural Settings

SUMMARY

This article discusses the need for community-based, gay-straight, youth-adult alliances in rural settings and provides a beginning framework for how to create this type of organization. It describes an emerging local community-based alliance of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, and youth and adult allies. Unlike school-based gay-straight alliances, this group, known as Prism, is open to youth from several schools in a college town and nearby rural communities.     

Adolescents’ experiences of therapeutic relationships at high and low levels of risk and resilience

Abstract

Engaging adolescents in treatment requires professionals to negotiate relationship boundaries in ways that young people experience as therapeutic. For this study, we used qualitative data from a mixed methods investigation of 85 young people ages 12-19 who were either clients of two or more human services (n=61) or selected from a convenience sample of young people attending school in the same communities as the service users (n=24). By sorting participants into four groups based on their risk and resilience scores calculated during the quantitative phase of the research, patterns emerged in the quality of the relationships young people reported as the most therapeutic. Findings show that youth at higher levels of risk exposure preferred looser professional boundaries (a real relationship) in their interactions with their workers while those with higher resilience scores described positive relationships with professionals that included more structure, greater expectations and firmer boundaries. Findings suggest that the quality of adolescent client-professional relationships should vary depending on the risk and resilience profiles of the youth.     

STRATEGIES FOR ENGAGING ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT AN EMERGENCY SHELTER IN A THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP: RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE GIRLS THEMSELVES

Engaging clients is an extremely important part of the therapeutic process. Although there is a literature on adult engagement, few articles discuss adolescent engagement. Those articles that do discuss adolescent engagement have been conducted from the perspective of adults. The purpose of this study was to explore, from the client's perspective, ways to engage and build a positive therapeutic alliance with adolescent girls. A focus group (N = 5) was conducted with residents of an emergency shelter for adolescent girls in an urban area. Clients were asked three questions: ‘If you could tell a counselor anything, what would you tell her/him?’ .‘What do counselors need to know?’ and ‘How can a counselor get you to talk?’ Seven messages emerged from the clients' responses, which focused on a request to be respected, listened to, and not judged. More specifically, themes included ‘Treat me like I'm on your level’, ‘Tell me a little about yourself’, ‘Ask my permission to take notes’, ‘Pay attention to what I'm saying’, ‘Tell me what you're doing’, ‘Don't tell me what's in my file’, and ‘Don't call me names’. Clients provided concrete ways in which social workers and other counseling professionals could better work with them.     

Supervision Training: What We Know and What We Need to Know

In this article, the authors explore supervision training, with special emphasis on the theoretical underpinnings and empirical evaluations of supervision for training social work field instructors and clinical staff in professional practice. The authors present an overview of the current literature and research on approaches to supervision training, including the content, format, and effectiveness of contemporary training models. The authors highlight findings from their recent studies, in which they examined a supervision-training model they designed and implemented, based on the relationship between attachment styles, affects, supervisory working alliance, and student competencies. Finally, the authors examine the implications and suggestions for future supervision training and research.     

Student School Engagement Among Sexual Minority Students: Understanding the Contributors to Predicting Academic Outcomes

ABSTRACT

Hierarchical multiple regression is used to examine whether student school engagement predicts grade point average (GPA) and fear-based truancy among 315 sexual minority youth aged 13 to 24 years. Results indicate that student school engagement is a significant predictor of GPA, and this relationship is strongest in the presence of a gay–straight alliance. Having an adult ally at school is associated with a decrease in fear-based truancy, while student school engagement predicts a decrease in fear-based truancy only for youth who have higher levels of subjective fear at school. Implications for future research and for practice among school-based helping professionals are discussed.