基于模糊神经网络的城市公园休闲满意度测评——以济南市泉城公园为例

依托Beard和Ragheb休闲满意度测量简表,采用问卷调查法和因子分析法构建了城市公园休闲满意度测评指标体系,使用Matlab软件中的模糊神经网络算法测评山东省济南市泉城公园休闲满意度,并进行测评指标的重要性—绩效分析（IPA）。使用模糊神经网络算法对济南泉城公园休闲满意度测评的结果与实际情况基本吻合,该方法在城市公园休闲满意度测评研究中具有可行性;模糊神经网络测评结果显示:济南泉城公园受访者对其休闲体验总体持“满意”态度,对公园休闲的放松体验持“比较满意”态度,而对公园休闲的教育功能、心理体验、社交功能、审美功能和身体满意度同样持“满意”态度;IPA结果显示:公园休闲的教育和放松满意度各指标均需要继续保持,身体满意度全部指标需后续改进。     

Legitimizing leisure experiences as emotional work: A post‐humanist approach to gendered equine encounters

Due to changes in lifestyle and work patterns, education and values associated with wellbeing, non‐human animals are now incorporated into a range of human experiences and environments. This research specifically focuses on human–equine relations, examining blurred boundaries between therapeutic and recreational interspecies encounters. It is acknowledged that human–equine relations are often gendered and this research focuses mainly on women's narratives. Viewed through the post‐humanist lens, horses now form kinship and companionship roles, particularly for women, where relations have become mutually emotionally dependent as a result of interspecies communication and embodied encounters. Research utilizes feminist post‐humanist and cultural politics of emotion frameworks associate with the co‐agency on the co‐agency of animals. Embedded in the concept of equiscapes, or post‐humanist leisure spaces, research methods employ qualitative approaches, including in‐depth interviews, participant diaries and multispecies ethnography. Findings reveal how women make considerable investments in equine activities, which develops mutual welfare and wellbeing. Yet, despite these benefits, emotional and other expenditures are justified in work discourses to legitimize them as valuable to themselves, their families and their communities.     

Making sense of nuclear war: narratives of voluntary civil defence and the memory of Britain’s Cold War

In interviews with members of Britain’s Civil Defence Services, experiences of Cold War voluntarism are recalled in different ways. Some remembered their desire to help defend their nation and local community. Others remembered making a leisure choice that had little connection to the potential nuclear war the organization was ostensibly preparing for. No one provided a well-developed account of civil defence’s ability to provide a defence against the effects of a nuclear war. Popular memory theorists suggest cultural discourse limits the ability of individuals to narrate stories that do not align with culturally valued frameworks: in this case, dominant understandings of civil defence as at best ridiculous or at worst dangerous were established in the 1980s. This article argues that memories of civil defence voluntarism in the 1950-60s have been shaped by these discourses, but that individuals were able to express the different meanings civil defence had in their lives in ways that provide a more nuanced and holistic picture of the intersections of leisure, service and sociability that made up civil defence. As such, it argues that oral history allows us to understand the various ‘horizons of possibility’ that made up individual experiences of the Cold War.     

‘More time for what?’ Exploring intersecting notions of gender,work, age and leisure time among people with cognitive disabilities

This article explores intersecting notions of leisure among middle‐aged people with intellectual disabilities in the setting of the Swedish welfare state. The participants are recipients of long‐term disability services and have experienced the changing ideological frameworks of the welfare effort, which has recently focused on normalisation, inclusion and participation. Structured activities are arranged by disability services in order to normalise living conditions and provide recreation for disabled people. However, the range of activities is constrained by financial resources, by notions of gender and age and by an institutionalised emphasis on the work ethic – leading to constructions of leisure partly as ‘time beside’ where ‘free time’ activities should not interfere with the duties of the working week. The participants' limited resources and their lack of a strong voice limit their ability to demand their legal rights and leave many of them with ‘too much time with too little to do’. Key Practitioner Message: ● A common idea of leisure is the relationship between social and physical activities, well‐being and health; ● People with disabilities, regardless of age, engage in fewer leisure activities than the general population due to a lack of resources; ● Even with legal rights, the lack of a strong voice as well as institutional constraints limit their leisure opportunities.     

人的自然化：孔子休闲哲学考

孔子哲学思想不仅有自然的人化,更有人的自然化。孔子人的自然化思想有着丰富的休闲哲学智慧。舞雩之乐与孔颜乐处是孔子休闲哲学智慧的两个方面,前者从人的自然情感欲求出发,寻求洒落适性的人生道路,倡导在山水游玩之中实现人的自我价值;后者以休闲的生活与心态超越人生的苦难与困境,无论是遭遇困境还是享有富贵,都要随遇而安,保持快乐的心境。     

生态学马克思主义的乌托邦社会主义理想

生态学马克思主义试图建立一种新型的以实施生态保护为基本原则的绿色社会主义——生态社会主义,并描绘了生态社会主义的理想:重返人类中心主义,实现人与自然和谐发展;进行生态重建(生态现代化);建立混合型的社会主义经济模式;实行经济的适度增长;重视民主、平等和正义,尤其是生产性正义;消灭异化劳动和异化消费,实现劳动闲暇一元化。生态学马克思主义的生态社会主义理想本质上是一种乌托邦社会主义,但是它对于我们反思传统社会主义,发展马克思主义,落实科学发展观,建设有中国特色的社会主义具有重要的意义。     

宜居城市与休闲文化建设

近年来,建设宜居城市已成为我国很多城市的发展目标。宜居必须宜闲,宜闲则离不开休闲文化的培育。目前,我国城市休闲文化建设中存在一些误区,主要表现在：休闲文化品味不高,庸俗娱乐大行其道;休闲生活过于单调,休闲活动选择面不宽;一味追求西化,缺乏自己的休闲文化特色;精英休闲与大众休闲界限过于分明。这些误区妨碍了城市宜居性的提高。为打造现代宜居城市,在休闲文化建设中应该着重处理好高雅与通俗、多元与同一、现代与传统、精英与大众这四对关系。     

体育休闲与体育旅游风险管理研究

体育休闲与体育旅游已成为现代生活的新时尚,但在开展过程中有许多不可预测的风险而属高危险性体育项目。文章以体育休闲和体育旅游中具有高危险性的登山户外运动为主要研究对象,运用数理统计、理论演绎等方法对2001-2010年发生的山难事故进行分析,旨在探寻中国登山户外运动中风险管理和安全保障的方法与途径,使中国的登山户外运动更加科学、安全、健康、有序。     

休闲与幸福:错综复杂的关系

幸福感概念构建在人具有主动性这一假定上,即人们若欲获得幸福,必须积极行动,唯有借助个人努力才可实现。幸福感亦为目标,一旦达成便可证明一个人整体的幸福。因此,我们愿意朝着幸福和良好的生活品质而努力这一事实,也更深刻地诠释了幸福的本质。另外,心理和社会的双重积极是幸福感的源泉。幸福的人总能积极地对待生活,不论眼前还是今后。休闲能够带来幸福,但休闲并非幸福本身。事实上,休闲是一种活动,是人们在空闲时间为了让生活变得更精彩、更有意义而做的事情。总体而言,我们如果因某种休闲活动而感到幸福,表明我们至少在一定程度上得到了满足。虽然休闲并不等同于幸福,但毋庸置疑,它对创造幸福至关重要。我们在休闲研究中绝不能忽略休闲与幸福这个当今生活中最具活力领域之间的联系,否则,我们将会丧失提升休闲与科学及公众之间关联性的机会。     

白居易闲适诗原论

白居易元和十年自编诗集的原生态闲适诗较好地保存了下来,这些闲适诗以阐发道家思想为主,体现白居易对传统士大夫超脱世俗、修身养性生活方式的追求。它们继承陶渊明诗的文思高玄和韦应物诗的高雅清闲,增强了诗歌的说理性,并加之以平易浅显,成为其四类诗中影响最为深远的作品。