政府职能转变背景下的行政发展

行政发展是衡量政治发展的重要标志,是一个国家政治现代化和政治文明与否的重要参照系。在政治系统内,政府职能的转变构成了行政发展的直接推动力。中国行政发展的路径选择,要在准确定位政府职能的背景下,逐步推进行政管理理念的服务化、手段的信息化、过程的法制化以及行政审批制度的改革。     

生物疗法监管问题及路径探索——以“魏则西事件”为视角

生物免疫疗法作为当前医学科研热门,其监管问题随着“魏则西事件”进入公众视野。从最初的审批制到目前的备案制,生物疗法实际上一直处于“零”监管状态,从科研到临床应用的决定权基本掌握在医院手中,引发了大量的社会问题。良好的监管状态有利于科学的进步,尤其在涉及到公民生命健康权利的医学领域,更是十分关键。文章结合国内外立法现状及经验,以研析更适于目前国内的生物疗法监管路径。     

Social pressure in the stadiums: Do agents change behavior without crowd support?

Social pressure may have relevant consequences in many contexts but it is hard to evaluate it empirically. In this paper we exploit a natural experiment in soccer to provide clear evidence of its effects. We aim to study how social pressure from the crowd in a stadium affects both players and referees. While in normal matches crowd support may be correlated to a host of variables affecting the outcome of interest, we exploit the fact that after the health emergency for the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, soccer matches in top European Leagues have been allowed only behind closed doors, that is, without spectators in the stadiums. We use data of first and second division of five major European Leagues (Germany, Spain, England, Italy and Portugal) for the last 10 seasons and compare – using a differences-in-differences analysis – several outcomes (determined by players’ performance and referees’ decisions) of matches played with crowd support to the same outcomes when matches were played without crowd. We find considerable effects of the pressure from the crowd: while with the support of the crowd a considerable home advantage emerges in various measures of performance (points, goals, shots, etc.), this advantage is almost halved when matches are played behind closed doors. Similar effects are found for the behavior of referees: decisions of fouls, yellow cards, red cards and penalties that tend to favor home teams in normal matches, are much more balanced without the crowd pressing on referees. The evidence we provide strongly supports the idea that social pressure has intense effects on agents’ behavior.     

广东工业大学建设学院科研和学科建设工作的实践与探索

文章介绍了建设学院在争取科研立项、提高科研水平方面取得的成绩 ,论述了科研工作对学院学科建设工作的推动作用     

试析货币资金管理中存在的问题及对策

本文归纳了会计实务中货币资金管理存在的问题,分析了其产生的原因,并进而找出解决问题的办法,为单位货币资金的制度化、规范化、科学化管理提供了依据。     

云解有情花解语——《聊斋》世界中的女性形象探本

《聊斋志异》中的女性形象,或为轻解罗裳夜伴枕席的人生知己,或为扶危救困排忧解难的再造父母,可谓顾盼生情、光彩照人,熔铸了作者的理想和愿望、思想和品格,但她们的存在始终是为了满足男子的诸种需要:落拓时为红颜知己,孤寂时为性伙伴,贫穷时为招财树,困窘时做救难菩萨和延嗣工具。蒲氏借她们传达出一种现实世界无法明言的女性期待。     

对寻根小说的别一种解读

本文认为寻根小说在向传统文化回归时表现出对具有原始风貌、异域情调的社会生活形态的偏好，这种原始情结的出现既有作家自身的原因，也与外来文学的影响有关，同时也是文学自身发展的逻辑结果。寻根小说在具体作品中对原始或半原始文化表现出批判、认同或二者兼而有之的三种倾向。     

漂泊心灵--北美华文女作家笔下的漂泊性及其殊异

漂泊一直是文学源源不绝的题材.古往今来传世的作品,全是探讨心灵、漂泊与依归的问题.百年中国现代化,是革新与传统的拉锯与涵化,知识界先留学日本,后赴欧美俄.台港澳之中的菁英花果飘零.特别是女作家的漂流情怀,为了家中的男性--父夫子而迁徙流离.不论对文学生命的助益或斫伤,实无逃于漂泊经验.交通通讯网络和翻译的一日千里,让世界缩小,各洲解除距离,联系及外移与日俱增,表面休戚与共之全球化已渐成型,除了政教和族群边缘化等因素待解外,文学的漂泊性可渐消失.     

服务型地方政府的管理方式研究

建立以公众为中心的电子政务和以服务为取向的行政审批制度,不仅体现了服务型地方政府的角色定位,而且能够在日益复杂的现代社会生活中,真正实现多元利益的有效整合和多元社会的和谐,从而使政府的合法性基础真正建立在“公共性”之上。     

Enrichment designs using placebo nonresponders

Enrichment designs that select placebo nonresponders have gained much attention during the last years in areas with high placebo response rates, eg, in depression. Proposals were made that re‐randomize patients who did not respond to placebo during a first study phase as the sequential parallel design (SPD). This design uses in a second phase an enriched patient population where the treatment effect is expected to be more pronounced. This may be problematic if an effect in the overall population is claimed. Proposals were made to combine the treatment effects in the overall population from study phase 1 and the enriched population from study phase 2, alleviating but not solving the issue of a potential selection bias. This paper shows how this bias corresponding to the effect difference between the overall population and the enriched population depends on the variability of a potential subject‐by‐treatment interaction. Sample sizes are given, which lead to a significant result in the combining test with a given probability if actually the average effect in the overall population is zero. If, on the other hand, no subject‐by‐treatment interaction is given, the enrichment is shown to be inefficient. We conclude that enrichment designs using placebo nonresponders are not able to claim a positive average effect in the overall population if a subject‐by‐treatment interaction cannot be excluded. It cannot be used to demonstrate positive efficacy in the overall population in a pivotal phase III trial but may be used in early phases to demonstrate varying treatment effects between patients.