Lone mothers,workfare and precarious employment: Time for a Canadian Basic Income?

Abstract   The growth of precarious employment poses significant challenges to current social assistance income support policies yet it remains largely neglected in policy-making arenas. Drawing upon qualitative data from a study in Ontario, Canada, this paper examines the particular implications of these challenges for lone mothers, who figure prominently both in non-standard employment and as targets for workfare policies. In the context of changing labour markets, the article considers the potential strengths and limitations of Basic Income approaches to achieving economic security for lone mothers.     

陕北地区退耕还林之后知识援助的必要性研究——以安塞县为例

陕北地区实施退耕还林政策有力促进了当地社会环境的发展。在生态环境恢复的同时,当地农民亟需寻找一条可持续发展的致富之道。各级政府部门要针对农民的受教育层次模式,制定中长期发展规划,采取各种各样的形式,为农民提供实用、有效的知识援助,使农民以更高的自身素质实现更强的生存能力,从而巩固退耕还林成果,实现生态效益与经济效益的互动。     

对口援藏制度研究进展

“Complementary counterpart assis-tance” to Tibet is one of the earliest ways China conducted regional “complementary counterpart”assistance. As a formal institutional arrangement, it already has had more than 20 years of history. The academic research on “assistance to Tibet”has been gradually increasing. However, there are big differences in understanding many of the is-sues. This article conducts a comprehensive analy-sis on the progress of related research on the“com-plementary counterpart” assistance to Tibet in re-cent years, focusing on the spheres of assistance, the theoretical basis, institutional nature and other issues related to “complementany counterpart” as-sistance of Tibet. It further proposes the direction of future research.     

驻村帮扶“接棒治理”的逻辑与归宿——基于豫南L行政村的田野调查

有效贫困治理需要强有力的村社集体,然而，废除农业税之后，乡村基层组织越来越“悬浮”于农民。随着国家扶贫政策的实施和大量扶贫资源持续输入农村，软弱涣散的村社集体却失去了与国家资源对接的能力，造成贫困治理的“内卷化”。村社集体的内生活力某种意义上需要外部力量予以激活和再造，以”第一书记”为代表的“驻村帮扶”是贫困治理的一种有益探索。驻村帮扶本身是连续性的，成员通常由同一单位选派，类似于接力赛，故称之为“接棒治理”。“接棒治理”能够为理解驻村帮扶贫困治理实践提供一种可取视角。在“接棒治理”的框架内，由同一单位选派的驻村帮扶成员有着共同的身份认同，在目标上是一致的，都旨在最大限度地为帮扶对象争取更多的资源、多办实事。作为外部嵌入力量，驻村帮扶不可避免地对村庄内部治理秩序产生影响，但由于退出机制的确定和可预期，驻村帮扶下的“接棒治理”不会完全改变村庄内部权力格局，更不会对村庄自治造成破坏，其旨在培育并回归自治，将“接力棒”最终交接给村社集体。     

论先秦儒家心性论发展的天命线索

心性论发源于原始宗教,其源头可追溯至商初,而西周的天命观则明确了道德教化的天命依据（此即“德命观”）。周人的立国叙事中隐含着其天命观的两个重要分支：一为文、武受命,为“人为论”之渊薮;一为太王、王季受命,为“天意论”之理论根源。两者均承认天命的道德性,信奉善恶报应,坚持德福一致;其区别在于前者认为从善或作恶取决于人自身,而后者则认为心性的善恶由天而定。但自西周晚期起,“人为论”逐步沉寂,“天意论”日渐兴起。“天意论”的理论延伸是为“命定论”,孔子的天命观可为其代表,不过,孔子“圣人”神话的破灭却促使儒家德命观向“时命观”转化,而儒家的道德哲学也因此摆脱了功利主义的藩篱,进而获得独立性与自足性。     

环境专业物理化学教学方法的探讨

基于物理化学的课程特点及目前学时较少的现状,结合专业特点,从教学方法、教学手段、教学思想的改革等方面就如何提高物理化学的教学水平谈了几点看法,旨在为高校基础物理化学课程教学改革提供参考。     

农村互助养老服务生产的主体特征及模式选择

基于合作生产理论和社会参与理论,构建农村互助养老服务生产主体特征及模式选择的理论分析框架,利用社会调查数据,通过潜在类别分析和多分类Logistic回归分析开展实证研究,研究发现：参与不同类型互助养老服务生产的老年人在个体特征、意愿、能力、认知上存在群体特征差异,经济保障能力特征差异不明显。农村互助养老服务生产模式可分为全面互助模式、生活-情感互助模式、日常-情感互助模式、低互助参与模式四类;与低互助参与模式相比,老年人对其他互助模式的选择受到个体、家庭、村庄和社会层面因素的影响。建议提高农村专业照护服务供给、重塑农村互助理念、降低互助养老可替代性、释放老年人互助养老积极性。     

试论先秦时期的宗族与宗族社会救助

宗族救助是我国传统社会救助体系的重要组成部分。在先秦时期,宗族是以九族为限,上至高祖,下至玄孙,所有的社会成员都生活在这样一个庞大的宗族网络之中。宗族成员之间要互帮互助,扶危济困。救助的主要内容有救助贫困的族人、孤子及丧葬救助等。先秦时期的宗族救助对于加强宗族团结,维护宗族的生存与繁衍起了重大的积极作用。     

Does public housing reduce housing cost burden among low-income families with children?

ABSTRACT

About half of all renter households and over three-quarters of very low-income households in the United States experience a housing cost burden, with higher rates among families with children. Public housing may be an important tool for reducing families’ housing cost burdens. The current study uses nearly four decades of data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its Assisted Housing Database to explore the relationship between public housing and housing cost burden among children in low-income families. Results from fixed effects models suggest that public housing is associated with a greatly reduced risk of experiencing housing cost burden when housing assistance receipt is measured a year before housing cost burden. These findings highlight the importance of public housing for reducing low-income families’ housing cost burdens.