A Population-Based Study of Coupling and Physical Activity by Sexual Orientation for Men

ABSTRACT

Research has suggested that men in relationships are more physically active than men who are single. This study provides a weighted analysis of physical activity by coupling status for men of different sexual orientations. Aggregated data from the United States 2013–2014 National Health Interview Survey were used to conduct multivariate logistic regression analyses. Compared to straight men (n = 29,926), gay men (n = 623) were less likely to be in a relationship (AOR 0.32, CI: 0.25–0.41). Coupled gay men did more physical activity than coupled straight men and were 1.62 (CI: 1.05–2.50) times more likely to be active, 1.67 (CI: 1.10–2.51) times more likely to be high active, 1.89 (CI: 1.24–2.89) times more likely to engage in muscle-strengthening activities, and 2.00 (CI: 1.28–3.11) times more likely to meet aerobic and muscle-strengthening recommendations. Coupling facilitates physical activity for men. However, more research is needed to help explore underlying mechanisms for differences by sexuality.     

Strategic self-management: the new youth challenge

Individualization has been a much debated topic in youth research for decades now. Getting a good education and choosing the right one is one of the manifold ways young people deal with late-modern individualization challenges. Based on in-depth interviews with 12 young students aged 17–20 years in the Danish Gymnasium we investigate how young people make sense of, and deal with, these challenges by focusing on how they handle and reflect on their educational biographies. We employ The General Activity Theory to sensitize our contextual understanding of individualization in relation to the youth perspective. Based on our data analysis, this study contributes theoretically by further-developing the concept of ‘strategic self-management’ in an educational context. We conclude that this concept is suitable for encapsulating how young people make sense of, and deal with, their educational biographies facing the new youth challenges. The study thus contributes with an enhanced sensitivity in relation to understanding some of the contemporary challenges of young people whose choice about education echo into their future work life.     

Evaluation of a comprehensive school physical activity program: Be a Champion!

BackgroundComprehensive School Physical Activity Programs (CSPAPs) are widely supported to increase physical activity (PA) in schools, but little has been reported to inform a comprehensive evaluation effort. The purpose of this report is to describe a comprehensive evaluation and monitoring strategy for CSPAP implementation.MethodsThe System for Observing Staff Promotion of Activity and Nutrition (SOSPAN), System for Observing Student Movement in Academic Routines and Transitions (SOSMART), and System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity (SOPLAY) were employed to record student and staff behaviors (2642 total scans). To assess policies, practices, and environments, a CSPAP Policies and Practices questionnaire was used, which included components of the School Health Index, the School PA Policy Assessment, the School Environment and Policies Survey, and the School Health Policies and Practices Study. Youth PA (minutes/day) was assessed using accelerometers.ResultsWorking with school sites to ascertain the number of opportunities that are provided for PA and the amount of PA students engage in is challenging but feasible. The use of systematic observation, accelerometers, and questionnaires can provide a comprehensive representation of policies, practices, and behaviors to aid in establishing targeted PA action items.ConclusionsDeveloping an evaluation framework that was rigorous enough to assess the physical, social, and policy environment of a school in order to answer the overarching research questions of the study but flexible enough to be feasibly streamlined for utilization by a school implementation team proved to be challenging but possible.     

经营活动限制对银行服务利用的影响

银行经营活动限制对不同收入国家的公众银行服务利用情况所产生的影响是不同的。在高收入国家,银行经营活动限制与银行服务利用程度负相关;在低收入国家,银行经营活动限制与银行服务利用程度正相关。研究结果对金融深化下的银行金融资源的配置战略具有重要参考价值。     

农村文化建设中的问题及改进措施

当前农村文化建设中存在的问题主要有:农村文化基础设施落后、文化活动经费投入严重不足、农民群众文化生活单调、腐朽文化滋生蔓延、文化产业发展迟缓、文化市场监管不力。推进农村文化建设的基本措施是:加强对农村文化建设的组织领导、完善农村文化建设经费的投入保障机制、开展丰富多彩的农村文化活动,进行科技文化知识的宣传教育、发展农村文化产业,加大对文化市场的管理力度。     

试论大学生闲暇德育活动模式的构建——以长沙师范专科学校为例

作为一种新的学校德育模式,闲暇德育已成为高校思想政治教育的重要内容。长沙师范专科学校高度重视学生闲暇德育工作,依据闲暇德育活动模式的构建理念,开展了相关实践活动,对学生进行系统的、有组织的闲暇道德教育,初步构建了具有长师特色的大学生闲暇德育工作模式。     

重新理解马克思与形而上学问题——兼驳海德格尔对马克思“达到了虚无主义的极致”的批评

马克思所创立的历史唯物主义属于世界观理论的谱系,它通过对德意志意识形态的批判终结了传统的形而上学。把作为超感性世界的意识形态归结为感性世界只是马克思克服形而上学的第一步。回应海德格尔对马克思陷入虚无主义的批评,就要回答马克思和"感性世界与超感性世界二元对立"的形而上学结构的关系问题。马克思不只是把超感性世界颠倒、归结为感性世界,而且是诉诸具体的作为感性活动的物质生产的二重性来克服虚无主义问题。感性活动作为感性世界和超感性世界的中介,起着"上通下达"的作用,表征着人的生存方式的二重性和矛盾性。因此,作为世界观理论的历史唯物主义正是通过具体的感性活动在感性世界和超感性世界之间保持了必要的张力,才避免了形而上学与虚无主义的厄运。     

A gender-based approach to developing a healthy lifestyle and healthy weight intervention for diverse Utah women

Utah women from some cultural minority groups have higher overweight/obesity rates than the overall population. We utilized a gender-based mixed methods approach to learn about the underlying social, cultural and gender issues that contribute to the increased obesity risk among these women and to inform intervention development. A literature review and analysis of Utah's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data informed the development of a focus group guide. Focus groups were conducted with five groups of women: African immigrants from Burundi and Rwanda, African Americans, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, Hispanics/Latinas, and Pacific Islanders. Six common themes emerged: (1) health is multidimensional and interventions must address health in this manner; (2) limited resources and time influence health behaviors; (3) norms about healthy weight vary, with certain communities showing more preference to heavier women; (4) women and men have important but different influences on healthy lifestyle practices within households; (5) women have an influential role on the health of families; and (6) opportunities exist within each group to improve health. Seeking insights from these five groups of women helped to identify common and distinct cultural and gender themes related to obesity, which can be used to help elucidate core obesity determinants.     

Process evaluation of a preschool physical activity intervention using web-based delivery

Background and purposePreschool/childcare settings offer a practical target for physical activity interventions. Online learning programs have the potential for greater public health reach and impact. The SHAPES-Dissemination (SHAPES-D) project adapted the original SHAPES in-person intervention for online delivery to teachers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the implementation monitoring and process evaluation for the SHAPES-D project.MethodsNine preschools with 26 classrooms participated. A total of 41 teachers were trained via online learning to implement the SHAPES-D program in their classrooms. The dose received, completeness, and fidelity of implementation were assessed through website metrics, teacher surveys and interviews, and classroom observations.ResultsDose received was adequate (73%). Observed completeness and physical activity enjoyment fidelity were high (100%), although moderate-to-vigorous physical activity fidelity and social environment fidelity were low (25% each). Overall implementation was high (91%).DiscussionResults indicate that the online method of delivery is viable for dissemination. The online delivery system provides an easy method of monitoring dose received. This may be the first structural intervention to monitor dose received through web metrics.ConclusionThe adaptation of an in-person intervention to an online delivery system increases the potential for dissemination of a successful program to increase physical activity in preschool settings.     

Psychosocial and Environmental Determinants of Eating Behaviors,Physical Activity,and Weight Change Among College Students: A Qualitative Analysis

Abstract

Objective: The goal of this study was to identify factors that college students perceived as contributing to healthy and unhealthy eating patterns, physical activity (PA) levels, and weight change. Participants: Forty-nine 18- to 22-year-old students at a midwestern university participated. Methods: Six focus groups (3 with each gender) were conducted, and data were analyzed using qualitative software to code and categorize themes and then reduce these to clusters according to commonly practiced methods of qualitative analysis. Results: Eating and PA behaviors appear to be determined by a complex interplay between motivations and self-regulatory skills as well as the unique social and physical environment comprising college life. Moreover, there appear to be gender differences in how these determinants impact behavior. Conclusions: Future research should examine these interactions in the college context in order to further our understanding of potential interventions or environmental modifications that support healthy eating and PA.