论《释名》的方言研究

《释名》中有 4 0条方言研究材料。《释名》是一部以东汉通语为研究对象的著作 ,它不代表青徐方音。《释名》的方言研究材料反映了青徐、冀兖、荆豫等地区的若干方音特征 ,并客观表现了方言词语的构词特点。《释名》在方言史、方言学史以及词汇史、词汇学史和词源学史上都有重要价值     

The Formation and Development of New Zealand English: Interaction of Gender-Related Variation and Linguistic Change

This research assesses the relative roles played by men and women in the development of New Zealand English. Real-time evidence on the development of NZ English over the past fifty years is provided by comparison of speakers recorded in 1948 and their present day descendants recorded recently. Elements of two vowel shifts are studied, and particular attention is paid to the vowel variables in words such as MOUTH, TRAP and DRESS. Results indicate that women lead in changes which are new and dynamic, but lag behind men in the use of variables representing older changes. While these results mirror patterns of gender-related variation observed in other contexts, explanations in terms of prestige which are often assumed to account for this pattern of variation are found to be inadequate in the New Zealand case. Rather, a hypothesis in terms of dialect contact, and specifically women's preferred discourse strategies in contact situations, is used to explain the process and progress of linguistic change in NZ English.     

从乐都方言看元音对声母的影响

音节的独立性以及音节内部各单位的相互影响、制约是汉语音系的基本结构格局和音变机理,其在汉语音系的演变中起着重要作用。韵母中的元音对声母系统演变的影响是其表现之一。乐都方言中声母格局的形成与韵母中舌尖元音、及半元音υ的影响有密切关系。     

壶关方言特点探究

由于历史固享和自然环境的影响,致使壶关方言具有很丰富的内容。和北京话比较,在语音上该县方言分尖团音,古精组、知庄章组字声母有着差异,单字调有七个声调,等等。在结构上,“圪”与“不”成为其构词手段。在语法上,将其置于宾语之前,或是省略。动词“去”有其不同于北京话的表达方式；可能补语有其特点；动补结构末的“了”与“喽”也有其特殊用法。     

赣语乐安(湖溪)话的完成体

赣语乐安湖溪话中表示动作完成的句中助词有"哩"和"了"两个。用"哩"一般只表示完成,表示谓词和其他谓语形式的词义所指处于事实的状态之下。用"了"除了表示动作完成的现实外,还表示说话者对所说内容的强调。     

沂水方言的语音特点

山东沂水方言属于汉语官话方言大区胶辽官话中的东潍小片,它既具有胶辽官话的普遍特点,又有自己的鲜明特色。本文对沂水方言的语音特点作了一个概略介绍,包括声韵调、儿化韵以及中古声韵调在今沂水话中的一些演变特点。     

Language and dialect

本文从多个方面论述了语言与方言之间的关系 :两者之间既有区别又有联系。方言虽然是语言的附属变体 ,在使用范围和影响力方面弱于语言 ,但反过来方言又在地域、时间、社会、情景等方面对语言的形成和发展产生了非常重要的影响     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed: John F. Sawyer and J. M. Y. Simpson (eds.), Concise Encyclopedia of Language and Religion Nikolas Coupland, Srikant Sarangi and Christopher N. Candlin (eds.), Sociolinguistics and Social Theory Ron Scollon, Mediated Discourse: The Nexus of Practice Richard Gwyn, Communicating Health and Illness Guus Extra and Durk Gorter, The Other Languages of Europe: Demographic, Sociolinguistic and Educational Perspectives Council of Europe, Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment Abdul Karim Bangura and Martin C. Muo, United States Congress and Bilingual Education Shelley Angelil–Carter, Stolen Language? Plagiarism in Writing Michael Toolan, Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction Jacob L. Mey, Pragmatics: An Introduction     

学校管理中的口语交际——一种权势话语与个人话语的分析

话语作为一种社会建构,与权力有着紧密联系,学校管理中的口语交际实际是管理者的权势话语与教师的个人话语的交涉,是权势话语对个人话语的支配。针对学校口语交际中学校管理者“独白”和教师“失语”的现象,可以从话语正当性角度进行分析,找出教师失语的原因,并借助“理想的说话情境”理论的部分思想,构建管理者与教师之间真实的对话情境,从而找回教师在学校管理中应有的话语权力。     

陕北方言本字续再考

本着据义定字,据音定词的原则,可以考释出能够代表陕北方言语词的若干本字。由于时、地的不同,这些本字的读音与陕北方言语词的实际读音并不都是完全一致。只要语义一致,语音符合音变规律的,即可定为本字。