中国环境立法的困境与出路

在环境法律实践的过程中,通过与污染受害者沟通和交流,发现许多问题都是根源于环境立法存在的问题。也就是,环境立法中的单向的立法理念,只注重至上而下的国家力量,这会导致法律与最初目的的偏离,从保护环境利益走向保护部门利益。因此,要寻求新的出路——发展双向融合的立法理念,即注重至上而下的政府主导与至下而上的公众参与有机结合,通过公众有效参与环境立法,发现环境法律实践中的问题,及时反馈到立法领域。从而在有效的互动中完善环境法治。     

危险驾驶罪的立法浅析

《刑法修正案(八)》将醉驾、飙车行为入罪，对严厉醉驾行为确实起到了震慑作用，收到了积极的社会效果。但是，对于刑法的提前介入以及该罪的内涵与外延该如何理解；社会舆论对于醉驾行为的性质还存在行为犯或者危险犯的争论：这些问题对于该罪在司法实践中的适用极其重要，值得我们深入思考。     

Senior centres in the lives of older Americans: implications for Chinese older adults

As a critical community resource, the senior centre has provided older Americans with a wide array of recreational, nutritional, health, and social service programmes. Funding resources include the Older Americans Act allocations, local organisations and governments, national charities, voluntary associations, and religious associations. The types of programmes offered at a senior centre reflect two models: social agency model or voluntary organisation model. The five most popular programmes are nutrition, health and fitness, recreation, volunteering, and social services. Participation in senior centre activities has positive impacts on the overall well-being of older adult participants. With the rapid growth in the ageing population and improved life expectancy in China, senior centres may serve as a focal point for Chinese older adults by providing a broad spectrum of social services to enhance the well-being of community-dwelling older adults, to support their independence and dignity, and to facilitate ageing in place in later life.     

我国学前教育地方立法研究

学前教育地方立法是我国学前教育立法体系的有机组成部分，截至2020 年1 月，我国现行有效的学前教育地方性法规 规章共61 部，呈现出立法时间跨度大，立法主体覆盖面广，立法模式体例多样等特征。地方立法一定程度上规范着地方学前 教育的有序开展，但也存在部分省市立法机关对当地学前教育立法关注度不高、部分立法难以满足当前学前教育发展需求、表 达不规范、可操作性欠佳、缺乏地方特色以及冲突与越位等问题。对此，应从科学确定学前教育地方立法内容、建立地方性法 律适时更新制度、健全学前教育地方立法调研制度、加强地方立法专业化制度建设等方面予以优化。     

Democracy and human development: recent legislation in India

Human Development (HD) requires that development must accompany fundamental human concerns that make life worth living. It is surprising that despite being a democracy, India performs poorly on HD. In this backdrop, four pieces of legislation of different orientations have been passed since 1998–99: ‘Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana’, the ‘Right to Information’, the ‘National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’ and the ‘Right to Education’. Where successful, they have empowered the beneficiaries. Though not expressed as such, nor exclusively directed to this end, these pieces of legislation are bound together with democracy's demand for HD: they are influenced externally by various aspects of globalisation; internally, development is continuously interrogated by democracy, competitive politics and social activism.     

Establishing Laws and Policies on Parent to Child Violence in Finland 1965–1983

This study explores perceptions of parent to child violence, the arguments for imposing legal regulation, and the intended objectives of the legislative process that led to a ban in Finland in 1983. This qualitative policy analysis examines policy documents alongside expert interviews with professional on the legislative process. The example of Finland shows that a significant change in attitudes and decreased levels of violence towards children can be achieved without the threat of legal punishment, even without specific intervention policies. However, the study emphasises the importance of establishing clear practices alongside altering legislation which has been inadequate in Finland.     

我国物流立法价值取向冲突的法理分析

物流立法的价值取向是一个多元、多维、多层次的体系,物流立法不同价值取向之间的冲突不可避免,其突出表现为经济发展与社会秩序价值取向的冲突、经济效益与公平竞争价值取向的冲突和人本价值取向在物流立法中的缺失与偏离等三方面。解决以上冲突要贯彻价值位阶原则、平衡原则和效益最优原则,并从立法内部和立法外部两个方面构建消解机制。     

制订《少数民族教育条例》之我见

为保障和加快我国少数民族教育的改革与发展 ,加强对民族教育的依法管理 ,国家拟于“十五”期间出台《少数民族教育条例》。本文作者作为教育部《少数民族教育条例》起草小组成员和执笔人 ,较深刻地阐述了《少数民族教育条例》的法律地位 ,制订的意义、依据及思路 ,在此基础上 ,具体陈述了自己对《少数民族教育条例》框架结构及有关内容的设想 ,旨在昭示学界 ,求教方家 ,推进《少数民族教育条例》的立法进程。     

试论民族地区经济发展立法

民族地区的经济发展立法是社会主义市场经济法律体系的重要组成部分。本文通过阐述民族地区经济发展立法的价值取向、民族地区经济发展立法中存在的问题、以及如何完善民族地区经济发展立法的途径等方面,对民族地区经济发展立法进行了初步探讨     

房产免税立法与税收公平的归位

房产税法律制度的改革折射的是社会演进与经济发展的必然趋势。经济发展加剧了社会成员间资源占有的不公平,但是房产税法律制度的发展却并没有弥合资源分配的不公平,反而在多元利益的指导下出现了三种维度的不公平：政府与市场之间的不公平、中央与地方之间的不公平以及居住者和投机者之间的不公平。刚性的税法常常为社会、经济所不融,免税的设计恰好可以弥补税法柔性的不足,在确保财政收入的情况下兼顾社会公平的维护,这也是深化财税体制改革背景下税法变革的秩序要求。房产税法律制度的变革应以量能课征为依据,以税收中性为准绳,区分房产的普遍性与特殊性,达成税收公平的改革效果。