扩、跳频通信技术的发展和展望

直接序列扩频通信、跳频通信技术是抗干扰通信中最关键的技术。文中对扩、跳频通信．技术以及自适应干扰抑制技术、多种功能相结合的综合抗干扰技术等领域的发展进行了论述，对其发展方向和前景进行了分析。     

汉语自闭症儿童在亲子互动中的语用障碍研究

本文基于真实语料,结合语用学视角对汉语自闭症儿童在亲子互动情境中所表现出来的语用障碍进行了分析。研究结果表明,在亲子互动中,汉语自闭症儿童的语用障碍在人称代词、言语行为、话题管理、话轮转换、意图识别等语用范畴内有所体现。笔者进一步对语料中体现出来的语用障碍的形成原因进行了探讨,以期为汉语自闭症儿童语用障碍的评估诊断及教育治疗提供参考建议。     

犯罪学视野下的反社会型人格障碍理论初探

反社会型人格障碍又称为病态人格障碍,它是一类以不顾及他人权利、侵犯他人权利为主要表现的人格障碍类型。由于反社会型人格障碍者实施的犯罪行为较正常人格者实施的犯罪行为相比,更易造成公众的恐慌感,具有极大的社会危害性,因此,对于反社会型人格障碍展开研究,有助于预防此类犯罪的发生,促进社会的和谐进步,极其具有理论和现实意义。本文主要从反社会型人格障碍的主要形成原因、预防对策及矫治方略等几个方面展开初步的研究。     

Psychosocial distress,physical illness,and social behaviour of close relatives to people with substance use disorders

ABSTRACT

This study explores how a family member with substance use disorder (SUD) affects the psychosocial, behavioral, and physical states of other family members. Sixteen in-depth interviews with relatives of Icelandic individuals afflicted with SUD were performed. The interviewees were selected from a pool of Icelandic families whose members included one or more chronic SUD users. They represented different relations to the user (spouses, parents, children, and siblings) and both genders. All participants except for siblings expressed that SUD had negatively affected their mental health by inducing depression, anxiety, and stress-related physical illness. All had experienced physical violence, mental abuse and financial loss. Parents indicated that the SUD of the family member had isolating psychosocial impacts on their children and caused a loss of connection among their family members. All participants, except the siblings, regarded their workplace as a shelter. The study’s findings can help social professionals to better understand the effects of SUD on families, family systems, and public health in general.     

DSM-5 substance use disorders among college-age young adults in the United States: Prevalence,remission and treatment

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence, remission, and treatment associated with DSM-5 substance use disorders (SUDs) among young adults based on college attendance. Participants: The population-based sample included 2,057 young adults aged 19–23 in college/school and 1,213 not currently attending college/school who participated from April 2012 through June 2013. Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted as part of a cross-sectional national survey. Results: The prevalence of any past-year DSM-5 SUD was 39.6% among young adults in college and 44.5% among those not attending college. Past-year tobacco use disorder and multiple DSM-5 SUDs were more prevalent among those not attending college. Among those with prior-to-past-year SUDs, abstinent remission was low among college (1.0%) and noncollege (1.9%) young adults. Conclusions: Approximately two in five U.S. college students had at least one past-year DSM-5 SUD. Sustained abstinent remission from SUDs is extremely rare (1–2%) and the majority of those with SUDs do not receive treatment.     

具有周期实系数的2n阶微分算子的谱间隙

研究了具有周期实系数2n阶对称微分算子的谱间隙,得出其间隙是由一些开区间构成的,并给出了这些间隙长度的一个上界.     

Using Instructive Feedback to Increase Response Variability During Intraverbal Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

We evaluated the effects of instructive feedback on the variability of intraverbal responses for two children with autism spectrum disorder. Specifically, we used an adapted alternating treatments design to compare participants’ novel responses and response combinations during an intraverbal category program across conditions with and without instructive feedback. During instructive feedback, secondary targets were presented during the consequence event of the learning trial and consisted of a therapist’s model of response variability. The results showed that participants engaged in more novel response combinations during instructive feedback conditions. We discussed the clinical implications of these results as well as areas for future research.     

圣俗之间,声谱之中:再论南侗祭萨仪式中的“哆耶”展演

本文关于祭萨仪式中＂哆耶＂展演的研究,以伦洞侗寨正月祭萨仪式为个案展开,探讨哆耶展演尚未被学界重视的两重性质：圣俗之间与声谱之中。前者暗示着哆耶展演在祭萨仪式中对人神关系与人际关系的双重建构,后者则将哆耶置于整体仪式音声声谱中,以诠释哆耶如何与其他南侗歌谣相呼应作用于祭萨仪式,并成为其中核心音声样式之一。     

重庆大学生健康危险行为的实证研究

采用自编的大学生健康危险行为问卷对重庆市5所大学的1 228名大学生的健康危险行为进行调查,结果表明:大学生健康危险行为具有普遍性,乘车不系安全带者为60.6％,经常吸烟率为14.7％,经常饮酒率为55.1％,上网率为91.8％,网瘾率为7.4％;45.1％的大学生受到情绪困扰,5.1％的大学生认真考虑过自杀,6.2％的大学生有过性行为;在性别、年级、城乡、独生子女、住校等人口统计学变量上具有差异性;学业成绩好、父亲文化水平低且不住校的男大学生更可能出现健康危险行为;在意外伤害行为、暴力伤害行为、自杀行为、吸烟行为、性行为、网络成瘾等各种健康危险行为之间存在相关性.