Protecting Older Americans: A History of Federal Action on Elder Abuse,Neglect, and Exploitation

ABSTRACT

Congressional hearings on elder abuse began over a quarter century ago. However, federal legislative and departmental activity for addressing the problem has been slow and lacks coordination and comprehensiveness. In addition, federal funding to combat elder abuse represents only a small percentage of that spent on such other abused populations as children and women. The barriers and challenges to addressing elder abuse are identified along with existing programs at the federal level. The article concludes with a discussion of state and local initiatives which show promise for effectively preventing or treating this problem.     

Lessons from Erikson

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to examine issues related to autonomy across the life span and to draw comparisons between a young child's search for autonomy and an older adult's efforts to maintain autonomy. The paper includes an introduction of the challenges for young children and older adults as related to autonomy. A definition of autonomy and an explanation of Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development are included. Each of Erikson's stages is reviewed with consideration given to traits, characteristics, and needs of the young child and older adult. Similarities and differences between young children and older adults in their search for autonomy are examined. The paper concludes with implications for caregivers regarding their practices with young children and older adults.     

简论破产法上的自动冻结制度

自动冻结制度无论对于破产清算程序的顺利进行抑或对于破产预防程序的有效实施 ,从制度的角度看都是必不可少的。然而 ,由设立该制度的目标所决定的制度本身的完整性构建却没有自觉地体现到我国破产法的立法框架中去。本文以自动冻结产生的内在动因为着眼点 ,通过与自动冻结制度较为发达的美国法的对比 ,对自动冻结制度的一般特性、自动冻结的适用范围以及自动冻结的适用例外和相关权利的救济规则等作了较为深刻的论述     

Effects of a summer emergent literacy intervention for rising kindergarteners

This study examined the effectiveness of a nine-week summer emergent literacy program implemented in a Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) summer program that serves families from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Participants were four- and five-year-old children attending a YMCA summer camp. After being placed in appropriate respective skill-level groups, children received one-hour, daily emergent literacy instruction from their camp counselors, who were trained as novice reading teachers. The teachers used emergent literacy activities to support letter-naming fluency and growth in letter-sound correspondence recognition in addition to mastery of read-aloud texts. The 28 participants experienced positive growth on both dependent measures (letter-naming fluency and letter-sound fluency), indicating the efficiency of the intervention as a tool for improving school readiness for children from low-income families. Additionally, the results suggest that beginning reading teachers may be able to conduct effective emergent literacy instruction, making the intervention replicable. Limitations and associated future research directions are discussed.     

Factors Related to the Delivery of Trauma Services in Outpatient Treatment Programs

In recent years there has been growing recognition of the role of trauma in substance abuse treatment; however, only 20% of outpatient treatment programs report offering trauma services. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2012 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) and explore how demographic, population served, and organization variables distinguish those programs that offer trauma services from those that do not. In this article, we present the findings, which revealed that organizational structure, process, and population served variables were the most important predictors of trauma services. Implications for social work practice in the addictions are discussed.     

机械零件图像表面瑕疵的检测算法

针对机械零件表面瑕疵检测问题,将机器视觉技术用于零件表面图像瑕疵的提取和分析,提出一种基于粒子群 优化算法加权模糊C均值聚类的零件缺陷图像智能分割算法,精确定位了机械零件表面的瑕疵区域。缺陷的形状特征 是判断其类型的重要依据,提取缺陷的形状特征,设计支持向量机分类器来检测划痕、裂纹、砂眼等表面瑕疵。研究结果 表明,该方法具有较强的实用性,在实验数据库上达到90%以上的正确识别率。     

中国技术哲学：历史、现状和趋势（下）

中国技术哲学作为一种当代学术现象,经历了从技术辩证法传统、论技术或技术论到技术哲学学科确立的发展过程。对于中国技术哲学,可以从两方面考察其思想脉络：一是把它作为一种部门哲学加以对待,主要包括技术的经济哲学、社会哲学和伦理哲学;二是把它作为一种哲学纲领加以对待,主要包括现象学技术哲学、分析的技术哲学、解释学技术哲学和实用主义技术哲学。这种考察表明,中国作为部门哲学的技术哲学发展是体制性的,已有相当发展也有较广的扩散,而作为哲学纲领的技术哲学才作为一种“国际引进”刚刚兴起。也就是说,中国技术哲学正在从部门哲学向哲学纲领构建发展。这种转型意味着,中国技术哲学必须要在思想渊源、传统文化关联和时代特色呈现方面走向更深入的发展。     

中国技术哲学：历史、现状和趋势（上）

中国技术哲学作为一种当代学术现象,经历了从技术辩证法传统、论技术或技术论到技术哲学学科确立的发展过程。对于中国技术哲学,可以从两方面考察其思想脉络：一是把它作为一种部门哲学加以对待,主要包括技术的经济哲学、社会哲学和伦理哲学;二是把它作为一种哲学纲领加以对待,主要包括现象学技术哲学、分析的技术哲学、解释学技术哲学和实用主义技术哲学。这种考察表明,中国作为部门哲学的技术哲学发展是体制性的,已有相当发展也有较广的扩散,而作为哲学纲领的技术哲学才作为一种“国际引进”刚刚兴起。也就是说,中国技术哲学正在从部门哲学向哲学纲领构建发展。这种转型意味着,中国技术哲学必须要在思想渊源、传统文化关联和时代特色呈现方面走向更深入的发展。     

肯定性行动计划与美国少数民族高等教育的发展

自 2 0世纪 60年代中期以来 ,美国实施肯定性行动计划 ,通过实行特别招生计划、加大对少数民族学生的财政资助、加强补习教育、开设少数民族研究课程等措施 ,有力地促进了美国少数民族高等教育的发展。但近年来 ,肯定性行动计划在美国引发了激烈的争论 ,一些州甚至取消了肯定性行动计划 ,这很可能导致美国少数民族高等教育的严重倒退     

论中国电视综艺节目中的公共领域概念

针对电视综艺节目公共领域问题的争论,从理论上分析了考察传媒公共领域的伦理维度,阐述了电视综艺节目公共领域的存在形式,进而提出平民大众的变化与成长使电视综艺节目建构公共领域具有了可能性,平民大众追求一种自由和善的生活是电视综艺节目公共领域的内涵,情感共鸣、认同与形塑是其表现形式。