中国汽车企业技术能力与技术创新模式——以沈阳华晨金杯为例

自主创新能力的缺乏是制约中国汽车工业发展的一个关键瓶颈。造成中国汽车企业技术能力落后的深层次原因在于,将技术创新模式选择与企业技术能力割裂开来,忽视了企业自身技术能力对技术创新模式选择的限制。以沈阳华晨金杯为例,分析中国汽车企业技术创新模式中存在的问题,可以看出未来中国汽车企业技术创新模式的选择与实施应当建立在技术能力基础上。     

Replacement Cost Endorsement and Opportunistic Fraud in Automobile Insurance

Traditional insurance contracts do not offer protection against the replacement value of a vehicle. A replacement cost endorsement gives the opportunity to get a new vehicle in the case of a total theft or in the case of total destruction of the car in a road accident. This type of protection was introduced in Canada in the late 1980's. It is also offered in France and many insurers in the United States are going to move in that direction. We propose tests that separate moral hazard from adverse selection in the analysis of the effect of this additional protection on car theft. We show that holders of car insurance policies with a replacement cost endorsement have a higher probability of theft near the end of this additional protection (usually 24 months following the acquisition of a new car). Our tests indicate that this result is a form of ex post moral hazard or opportunistic insurance fraud.     

Nutritional contribution to females of14C-labeled male secretions transferred during mating inMenida scotti (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Menida scotti (Puton) males have been shown to transfer secretions from their bulbus ejaculatorius and reservoir of ectodermal accessory gland to females by mating during hibernation. In the present study, the major components of the secretions were found to be proteins and lipids. To specify the female organ incorporating the male secretions, a radiotracer experiment in which the male secretions were labeled by [¹⁴C]valine was conducted in nine tissues of females collected in the fall and spring of the hibernation period. Relatively high radioactivities were detected in the haemolymph and the residual carcass (head, legs, air-sacs, exoskeleton, etc.) in the fall females, and in CO₂ gas evolved and carcasses in the spring females. The radioactivities in the fat body were significantly higher in the fall mating females than in the spring mating females, and vice versa in the ovary. The radioactivities in six fractions (lipids, proteins, glycogen, sugars, free amino acids and the residues) were also assayed in the five organs of females that had a relatively high radioactivity. The highest radioactivity was detected in the protein fraction of the haemolymph in fall and spring females. There were significant differences in the radioactivities incorporated into the lipid fractions of the carcass between fall and spring females.     

论胁从犯之应然理论定位

从解释论出发,将胁从犯定位为独立的共同犯罪人类型,存在着逻辑及情理上的诸多问题;反之,如将其定位为法定从宽情节,则能消除以上诸多弊病,且能更好地与“刑法不能强求英雄主义”的人性立法精神契合。因此,从立法论出发,宜对现有1997年刑法第28条的内容作一定修改。     

优化汽车故障诊断神经网络的改进遗传算法

为了优化汽车故障诊断神经网络的权值和网络结构,改进并设计了遗传算法.在保证种群多样性的条件下,将种群规模降低到最小;引入BP算子,与交叉和变异算子共同竞争,自适应调整运算概率;引入个体间的广义海明距离用于保持种群的多样性,引入连接权的敏感度用于优化网络结构.算法对比测试表明,改进后的遗传算法能够在优化权值的同时优化网络结构,减少了内存占用量,保证了种群的多样性,提高了算法的运行速度和收敛效果.     

中国汽车产业出口竞争力分析

文章运用主要的出口贸易竞争力分析指标,对近年来中国汽车产业出口产品的国际竞争力进行分析。结果表明,与汽车贸易强国相比,中国汽车产业的出口竞争力持续提高,具有很强的竞争力的产品包括座椅、电子电器零件等,而在代表汽车设计生产的最高技术水平的整车及发动机方面竞争力极弱,从而进一步提出了提高出口竞争力的对策。     

中国古代铺首衔环浅析

铺首衔环是中国古代一些器物上的附件,主要在青铜器上、陶器上、漆木器上、瓷器上、画像石上、墓门上、墓葬棺椁上以及建筑的门上。它从安阳殷墟第二期晚段出现后就一直使用,而其使用也最终变成主要使用于门上。     

浅谈跨国战略联盟与我国汽车产业的发展

战略联盟(strategic alliance)最早由美国 DEC公司前总裁简·霍普兰德(J.Hopland)和管理学家罗杰·奈格尔(R.Nigel)提出,随即在实业界和理论界引起巨大反响。当前战略联盟发展体现出从线性的联盟链发展为立体的联盟网络、从实体联盟发展为虚拟联盟等五个新趋势。经过50多年的发展,中国汽车产业体现出具有互动功效、劳动力成本低等优势。同时,也存在组织结构分散、市场集中度偏低、缺少自主知识产权核心技术、资金相对缺乏等劣势。面对中国汽车前所未有的机遇和挑战,运用“比较优势”理论和“国家竞争优势”学说分析,中国汽车产业应建立“比较优势竞争战略”,积极实施有效的跨国战略联盟,以融入汽车产业全球化竞争体系,真正形成支柱型战略产业。在与跨国公司建立战略联盟时,我国汽车企业应注意观念的转变、扶持和培育大型企业集团、加强对战略联盟的管理、加强政府对企业联盟的宏观调控等四个方面问题。     

浅析新《合同法》几个概念的规范化

我国新《合同法》有关规定的称谓应规范化 ;先履行抗辩权与后履行抗辩权不可混淆 ,不宜称不安抗辩权 ;先期违约不可等同于预期违约 ;附随义务与 (先 )后合同义务、从给付义务、减损义务应加以区分 ;可追认合同还有第四种情形。     

中国财产保险公司车险经营绩效研究

保险险种的经营绩效是险种综合实力的体现,绩效评估有利于保险公司客观、准确地认识 所经营险种的发展。文章利用SAS软件从中国保险行业整体以及各家财产保险个体的角度从 规模成长、盈利能力以及发展风险等方面对财产保险公司机动车保险的经营绩效进行了详细 的分析。通过研究发现,中国财产保险公司的车险经营状况参差不齐,优势与劣势并存,必 须总结经验与教训,努力提高车险业务经营的整体实力,促进中国车险市场蓬勃发展。