The “Aging Males’ Symptoms” Scale (AMS): predictive value for lowered circulating androgens

Background: Symptoms of the “male climacteric” are often at least in part referred to an age-dependent decline of serum androgen levels. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of climacteric symptoms as assessed by the “Aging Males’ Symptoms” (AMS) Questionnaire with circulating androgen levels. Methods: 146 ambulatory men (age, 27–85 years) were surveyed with the AMS Questionnaire and sampled for serum values of total testosterone (tT) and sexual hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Free testosterone (fT) was calculated from tT and SHBG. A total AMS score ≥37 was considered pathological; the lower limits for tT and fT were set to 8 nmol/l and 180 pmol/l, respectively. Results: A significant deficit in tT and fT was shown in 25 (17.1%) and 34 (24.5%) men, respectively; the AMS Questionnaire showed pathological results for 66 (45.2%) men. In predicting a tT deficit, the AMS Questionnaire rendered a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 61.6%, only. However, multiple regression analysis revealed a significant correlation of lowered tT with a pathological somatovegetative and psychological AMS subscore (p = 0.042 and p = 0.01) and a correlation of lowered fT with a pathological sexual subscore (p = 0.039). Conclusion: In predicting hypogonadism the AMS Questionnaire in total did not render a sufficient diagnostic efficiency.     

The Influence of Intimate Violence on Transitions out of Cohabitation

Does the experience of violence in a cohabiting union lead participants away from marriage and toward separation, or does violence have only minimal impact once other characteristics of unions and their participants are controlled? This issue is examined using a sample of 411 cohabiting couples followed in both waves of the National Survey of Families and Households. Marriage and separation are treated as competing risks. Results show that violence does have an effect, although dissimilar effects emerge for transitions to separation, as opposed to marriage. Net of other factors, intense male violence—male violence that is more severe than the female partner's—raises the hazard of separation. In contrast, female violence, but not male violence, lowers the rate of marriage. The findings appear robust to a variety of operationalizations of partner violence.     

创新力教育与教育创新力 ——江泽民“创新力教育观”研究

教育的实质是对人的素质的塑造行为。江泽民“创新力教育观”是建立在对人类本质及其延续的规律性的揭示的基础上。它包括创新力教育与教育整体创新力的提高的有机结合。人类的本质在于他的创造性和创新性。“创新力教育观”体现了这种人类的本质要求,并构建了实现这种要求的途径。     

大学新生语言学习观念实证研究

我们以274名大学新生为调查对象,采用问卷和半结构访谈的方法,探究了大学新生语言学习观念的总体倾向,比较了男女大学新生在语言学习观念上的差异。结果表明:(1)大多数语言学习者持有对英语学习有利的语言学习观念;(2)男、女学习者只在有关学习动机的语言学习观念上存在显著性差异。针对研究结果通过分析相关原因,我们思考并提出了几条教学建议,希望对英语教学有所突破。     

Young Male Street Workers: Life Histories and Current Experiences

The current study aims to reveal the experiences of young malestreet prostitutes in Israel, providing a stage for the voiceof this marginal group to be heard, as we believe youth workersneed to know more about these young people’s lives beforewe can offer meaningful responses. The study was guided by twomain questions: (1) What accounts do young men who work as prostitutesprovide for their involvement in the sex industry? and (2) Whatare their experiences as young males engaged in prostitution?Using the life story interview and thematic analysis, four mainthemes were revealed: (a) a life-long path to prostitution;(b) entering prostitution; (c) interpersonal encounters whileengaging in prostitution; and (d) the consequences of workingin prostitution. The results highlight the lack of meaningfulinterpersonal relationships in the lives of these young men.Practical recommendations are made to better inform youth workersassisting this high-risk population.     

劳动力市场歧视成本究竟谁买单？*

本文基于雇主的性别歧视模型对长、短期劳动力市场歧视成本收益进行分析,研究表明,短期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主为歧视成本的“消费者”,被歧视的女性劳动力为歧视成本的“买单者”;长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主和被歧视的女性劳动力都是歧视成本的“买单者”,而离职的不再被歧视的女性劳动力却成为抵抗歧视的“受益者”;无论在短期还是长期劳动力市场上歧视性雇主获得的利润都低于非歧视性雇主。劳动力市场歧视程度主要取决于劳动力供给数量、非歧视性雇主数量以及歧视性雇主的偏见程度。     

论萧红作品中的女性形象及女权意识

纵观萧红的全部作品的主角几乎都是女性,给中国现代文学画廊留下了一系列负着时代和社会最深重灾难,在“生死场”上呼喊着人生、诅咒着的“萧红式”女性,她们在“生的坚强”、“死的挣扎”中寻求到了生命的火花,寻求着人生的价值,表现出反封建和谋求女性解放的女权意识。     

高密度WLAN环境下动态频率选择算法的研究

提出了一种新的动态频率选择算法,该算法基于DCF机制,不改变原有IEEE 802.11b的MAC层协议。算法定义了一个信道质量参数用来评估自身干扰情况,通过周期性的检测信道状态,自适应的优化算法参数,动态分配频率资源,在现有的信道资源下提升系统容量。给出了算法处理过程的描述以及相关参数,并以IEEE 802.11b系统为例进行了仿真。仿真结果表明:该算法能够实现在高密度、负载不均衡的无线局域网环境下大大提高整个系统的吞吐量。     

父权规训与男性想像：解读康拉德小说《黑暗的心》

从女性主义视角出发,以当代女性主义文学文化理论,解读有“英国文学经典之作”盛誉的康拉德短篇小说《黑暗的心》,并对小说作者在文本中充斥展现的性别政治观点即父权思想、男性幻想弥漫意识等进行严肃有力的批判。     

Saddlepoint approximations for some models of circular data

In this article we provide saddlepoint approximations for some important models of circular data. The particularity of these saddlepoint approximations is that they do not require solving the saddlepoint equation iteratively, so their evaluation is immediate. We first give very accurate approximations to P-values, critical values and power functions for some optimal tests regarding the concentration parameter under wrapped symmetric α-stable and circular normal models. Then, we consider an approximation to the distribution of a projection of the two-dimensional Pearson random walk with exponential step sizes.