弃婴的亡国之"火"——从褒姒与帕里斯的比较看中西文化的差异

褒姒的"烽火戏诸侯"与帕里斯和海伦的爱火导致了一个国家的灭亡和一座城池的毁灭,遭受灭亡的周王朝与特洛亚城,其毁灭的过程有着惊人的相似。透过弃婴的故事模式,我们能够从伦理和理性的比较中了解到中西文化的差异。     

The western fertility decline: Reflections from a chronological perspective

The study of recent fertility trends in the West has been dominated by examinations of Europe. A better perspective on twentieth-century fertility movements can be gained by giving an equal emphasis to trends in the ‘Offshoots’ (USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand). This paper focuses on the periods of rapid fertility decline and to a greater extent on the intervening periods of near-equilibrium. It is suggested that the ‘late twentieth century compromise’ is more stable than is suggested by reports on its internal strains, and that only massive government intervention could raise fertility.     

硒对布列坦尼亚仔兔生长性能的影响

本实验观察了微量元素硒对布列坦尼亚仔兔生长性能的影响。随硒含量的增加 ,仔兔的日增重和饲料报酬均在提高 ,但使生长性能呈现显著的最小硒浓度为 0 18mg/kg ,最有效的硒浓度为 0 2 0mg/kg。     

The neurodevelopmental outcome in infants who have sustained a subdural haemorrhage from non‐accidental head injury

Subdural haemorrhage (SDH) in infants arises most commonly from non‐accidental head injury (NAHI) from shaking. Patients present with a varied severity of illness and a variety of symptoms and signs. Data on long‐term outcome of the survivors are not widely reported. The aim of this paper is to describe the physical and educational outcomes of children <2 years diagnosed with non‐accidental head injury and formulate guidelines on follow‐up. Data on 65 children <2 years with non‐accidental head injury and subdural haemorrhage diagnosed on CT/MRI/postmortem were extracted from the hospital and community notes and education reports. The Kings Outcome Scale for Childhood Head Injury (KOSCHI) was used. Sixteen children died (24.6%), 13 within 6 weeks and three 5 years after the injury. Of the 45 children followed up (follow‐up time 21.7–103 months), 25 had a good outcome, six were moderately disabled and 11 were severely disabled, while three were in persistent vegetative state. Problems identi?ed included cerebral palsy—16, ongoing seizures—5, visual problems—11, speech and language problems—17 and behavioural problems—13. Of the 29 children of school age on whom data were available, 12 children had a statement of educational needs. In conclusion, young children who survive non‐accidental head injury can have signi?cant physical, cognitive and behavioural problems. Regular follow‐up by a multidisciplinary team, which includes a community paediatrician, therapists, school health personnel and ophthalmologic services, until the child is established in school may facilitate early identi?cation of emerging problems and optimize management. Care must be taken not to discharge children with good outcomes, as behavioural and cognitive problems can emerge with time. Only a prospective study will help outline the subtle problems that can emerge with time in children with a so‐called good outcome. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

论绑架罪的实行行为--兼谈绑架罪立法的完善

根据现行刑法规定,绑架罪的实行行为是单一行为而不是复杂行为,勒索财物或者提出其他不法要求的行为只是帮助行为,不是出于勒索财物目的而偷盗婴幼儿的行为不构成绑架罪.应当对刑法关于绑架罪的规定进行完善.     

倡导体育锻炼育儿的社会学阐释

运用社会学的基本原理,阐述了体育锻炼育儿的生理学、社会学意义,对婴幼儿各年龄阶段的早期社会化发展特点进行了分析,给出了体育锻炼育儿的基本内容与方法,分析了体育锻炼育儿的困惑,提出了体育锻炼育儿的基本对策,并倡导在全社会开展体育锻炼育儿.     

Older Couples

This study examines the degree to which older, noninstitutionalized husbands and wives are involved in providing various types of assistance, the likelihood of providing assistance to one's spouse and to others, and the characteristics associated with giving more forms of help. The findings suggest that older wives are more likely than older husbands to provide most of these forms of assistance. Furthermore, husbands are more likely to help their spouses, while wives are more likely to report helping people outside the conjugal pair. Multiple regression analysis suggests that the ability of the potential recipient spouse to perform daily living tasks is a key factor in determining number of forms of help provided by the potential helping spouse.     

Why Do Women Want Children? The Case of Hong Kong,China: A Lowest-Low Fertility Context

ABSTRACT

Governments in low fertility countries tend to tackle low birth rates by addressing macro-level factors rather than the meaning that having a child holds for men and women. Yet whether or not an individual decides to have a child depends in part on what they think having a child will mean for their lives. This study examines the meanings that constitute reasons for wanting a child among a sample of middle-class, married, Hong Kong Chinese women who wanted children. These women were living in Hong Kong when it had one of the lowest total fertility rates in the world and the lowest in its history. Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews, it finds that for these women, to have a child makes one’s family complete; is the next stage of life; provides happiness, fun, and enjoyment; brings care and company in old age; and children are “lovely” and “cute.” Governments concerned about low birth rates can use research on what having a child means for women to improve policy so as to make having a child more attractive, and to create messages that hold greater appeal to women.     

Generational Differences in Japanese Americans' Preferred Senior Service Environments

Japanese American social service agencies and senior centers were created during the 1970s based on the needs of the first (Japanese-speaking) and second (bilingual) generations of Japanese Americans. In 2011, the oldest baby boomers turned 65. Acculturated, English-speaking Japanese American baby boomers may have different preferences about types of services and activities. This study compared the preferences of 230 Japanese American baby boomers and 183 seniors regarding ethnic-specific and nonethnic-specific social service and senior center environments. Despite acculturation, the baby boomers preferred the mixed service environment that included both Japanese-specific and nonethnic-specific activities, suggesting the importance of maintaining Japanese culture.