Determinants of female labor force participation: A study of Seoul,South Korea, 1970–1980

This paper investigates the determinants of labor force participation of women living in male-headed households in Seoul, South Korea, at two points in time, 1970 and 1980. Analysis of data from the 1970 and 1980 Korean Population Censuses suggests that both women's educational level and the family economic status determine women's labor force participation in Seoul. Women with middle school education or above are more economically active than those with no education. Women from lower economic backgrounds are almost two to three times more likely to be employed than those in high-status families, controlling for age, number of children under 6, and marital status. However, this pattern is not found among women from the blue-collar wage-working families.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1988 meetings of the Population Association of America.     

金文中的女性享祭者及其社会地位

以金文中女性享祭情况与男性享祭情况的对比为纬,考查女性享祭者礼遇高低的量化相对值;以不同时期女性享祭情况的发展变化为经,考查女性享祭者礼遇变化的量化绝对值,揭示出殷周社会对女性享祭者的尊崇逐渐减弱的事实,证明殷周女性社会地位极其低微并逐步下降的观点。     

经济增长动因探析

一国的经济增长主要取决于技术进步、人力资本和制度创新等三个方面。技术进步是经济增长的驱动力 ,人力资本存量与质量是经济增长的关键 ,制度创新是经济增长的根源。此三者彼此密切关联、互动互进、共同推动经济增长     

目前中国广告设计流行趋势析

经过半个多世纪广告设计的探索、发展以及国际广告设计对国内的影响 ,“以人为中心、增强艺术感染力、立足本民族文化”的特征已成为目前中国广告设计发展的基本趋势 ,并以其独特的设计风格展示于世界广告设计领域     

网络道德建设:新时期大学生道德建设的重要内容

信息技术的发展 ,使网络道德建设作为一个新问题突出地摆在我们面前。重视网络道德建设是以德治国方略的要求 ,加强网络道德建设是新形势发展的客观需要 ,加强大学生网络道德教育 ,增强网络道德意识 ,已成为一项长期而紧迫的任务     

福利资源的开发:由资金资源向人力资源的转变

福利需求是多元化的需求 ,除了物质上的需求外 ,还有制度、心理、服务等方面的需求 ,所以 ,福利资源也具有多元性。过去我们只注意在资金上开发福利资源 ,忽视其他资源的利用 ,特别是忽视了人力资源的开发 ,使我国社会福利和保障事业的发展受到限制。因此 ,如何将人力资源转变成有效的福利资源 ,是我国今后福利事业发展的重大课题。     

英语发展之哲学思考和启示——兼论语言优劣观之错误

英语原是日耳曼语族的一个小语种,经历了“词形变化完整期”、“词形变化消减期”、“词形变化消失期”三个阶段,其发展饱受了多种磨难,最终却发展为当今公认的“全球性”语言。由此可见:语言无论大小、强弱,都没有优劣和贵贱之分。只要广泛吸收、融各家之长就能强大起来。这些值得我们汉语借鉴。     

和谐社会建设与人的全面发展

社会的和谐发展,首先应是人的全面、和谐发展。中国古代社会历来是崇尚和谐的社会,但我们在构建和谐社会时,既要从传统思想中吸取有益的思想成分,也要避免受传统和谐观中的一些消极落后因素的影响。和谐社会的制度体系和伦理道德体系,应体现以人为本的原则。     

民营企业人力资源困境分析及其对策

民营企业在发展中遇到的人力资源困境,是由家族式管理方式的制度障碍、公司治理结构不完善、缺乏创新和品牌意识、企业文化氛围不浓等原因造成的。要走出民营企业人力资源困境,就必须改进家族式管理方式、完善企业的公司治理结构、树立创新和品牌意识、营造积极的企业文化氛围。     

Physiologically Based Liver Modeling and Risk Assessment

Because of the inherent complexity of biological systems, there is often a choice between a number of apparently equally applicable physiologically based models to describe uptake and metabolism processes in toxicology or risk assessment. These models may fit the particular data sets of interest equally well, but may give quite different parameter estimates or predictions under different (extrapolated) conditions. Such competing models can be discriminated by a number of methods, including potential refutation by means of strategic experiments, and their ability to suitably incorporate all relevant physiological processes. For illustration, three currently used models for steady-state hepatic elimination--the venous equilibration model, the parallel tube model, and the distributed sinusoidal perfusion model--are reviewed and compared with particular reference to their application in the area of risk assessment. The ability of each of the models to describe and incorporate such physiological processes as protein binding, precursor-metabolite relations and hepatic zones of elimination, capillary recruitment, capillary heterogeneity, and intrahepatic shunting is discussed. Differences between the models in hepatic parameter estimation, extrapolation to different conditions, and interspecies scaling are discussed, and criteria for choosing one model over the others are presented. In this case, the distributed model provides the most general framework for describing physiological processes taking place in the liver, and has so far not been experimentally refuted, as have the other two models. These simpler models may, however, provide useful bounds on parameter estimates and on extrapolations and risk assessments.