Revenue Management vs. Newsvendor Decisions: Does Behavioral Response Mirror Normative Equivalence?

We study and compare decision‐making behavior under the newsvendor and the two‐class revenue management models, in an experimental setting. We observe that, under both problems, decision makers deviate significantly from normative benchmarks. Furthermore, revenue management decisions are consistently higher compared to the newsvendor order quantities. In the face of increasing demand variability, revenue managers increase allocations; this behavior is consistent with normative patterns when the ratio of the selling prices of the two customer segments is less than 1/2, but is its exact opposite when this ratio is greater than 1/2. Newsvendors' behavior with respect to changing demand variability, on the other hand, is consistent with normative trends. We also observe that losses due to leftovers weigh more in newsvendor decisions compared to the revenue management model; we argue that overage cost is more salient in the newsvendor problem because it is perceived as a direct loss, and propose this as the driver of the differences in behavior observed under the two problems.     

How to Compete Against a Behavioral Newsvendor

We investigate newsvendor ordering behavior under competition. We present a laboratory experiment that documents the behavioral ordering regularities in competitive newsvendor environments, and an analytical model extending the standard theory of newsvendor competition by including an optimal best‐response policy for competing with a behaviorally biased newsvendor. We test the effectiveness of this policy using an out‐of‐sample experiment and find that it results in improved market share, service level and profitability.     

我国农村金融市场结构与绩效研究

在借鉴产业组织理论体系SCP分析范式的基础上,引入制度因素,对我国农村金融市场结构、行为、绩效及各要素影响机理进行分析,探讨农村金融改革的成效、存在的问题,并提出相应的政策建议,主要包括：改善城乡金融市场二元分割的局面, 统筹发展城乡金融市场;进一步放松农村金融机构进入壁垒,放宽产品和业务创新的自主权;加快抵押担保和保险等相关配套制度建设,改善农村金融生态环境。     

集体土地所有权实现的价值目标、基本原则与制度框架

集体土地所有权实现是长期困扰学术界的研究命题。我们既无法直接沿用传统物权法知识进行分析,也不能纯粹依据现实做出判定。《物权法》在文本结构上已经确认,集体土地所有权是成员集体享有的“所有权”。在现代法治中国,集体土地所有权实现应当以经济效益、实质公平、经济安全为基本诉求。在法律规制与乡村自治协调、法律保障与政策指导互动、个体利益与集体利益均衡等基本原则的指引下,建构科学合理的集体土地所有权实现相关制度框架。     

安徽省智慧农业发展战略与发展机制研究

安徽省智慧农业的发展处于初级阶段,目前主要还是示范应用.通过文献分析法与实地调查法,发现安徽省智慧农业发展中存在规划协调不完备、技术不成熟、成本制约发展、专业技术人才数量较少等问题.为了加快安徽省智慧农业的发展步伐,可选择政府与市场双轮驱动的战略框架.一方面,政府推动智慧农业发展.另一方面,市场拉动智慧农业发展.还应构建安徽省智慧农业发展的政、产、研协同系统,着力培育安徽省智慧农业发展机制,可从规划协调机制、技术体系推进机制、政策扶持机制和人才培养机制四个方面合力推进.     

基于RIS框架的北京旅游形象策划——兼论北京奥运旅游形象

旅游形象是一个区域或城市旅游吸引力强弱的关键所在。依据RIS框架理念,北京的旅游形象应该从横向、纵向两个维度进行策划,北京旅游形象总体可以定位为“文化之都”、“动感之都”。奥运会的召开是北京向全世界宣传自己旅游形象的绝佳时机,应通过精心组织旅游线路,制定鲜明的旅游宣传口号,创新营销理念和方式,做好旅游形象的维护和拓展管理,把北京美好的旅游形象根植于国际国内旅游者心里。     

Home and school influences on the behavioral and academic outcomes of low-income children of color

Framed within contextual systems model, this study examines how home and school operate together to shape behavioral and academic outcomes for 544 low-income African American (56%) and Latino/a (44%) elementary school-aged children (mean age?=?7.88 years, SD?=?1.46, 50% male). Using data from Welfare, Children, & Families Study: A Three City Study and multiple group path analysis, we found that for children in kindergarten through third grade, the adequacy of the home resources was positively related to applied problem scores (e.g. math literacy) and negatively associated with externalizing behavior. For fourth- to sixth-graders, the adequacy of classroom resources was negatively associated with applied problem scores. For both age groups positive teacher–child relational quality was also a positive predictor of externalizing behavior. Results revealed that barriers to parental involvement in school were a negative predictor of applied problem scores for low-income children in early and later elementary school. Implications for policy and practice aimed at strengthening opportunities for children and families from marginalized communities are discussed.     

Late Adapters? How Social Workers Acquire Knowledge and Skills About Technology Tools

Little is understood about the scope of information and communication technology (ICT) use in practice for agency-based social work professionals, and still less is known about how such practitioners acquire and avail themselves of opportunities to learn about ICT tools. This study asked a sample of social work field supervisors (n?=?371) to describe their personal and professional ICT use, to rank the technological sophistication of their agency, to describe the barriers and facilitators to ICT use in their organizations and to operationalize environmental opportunities for acquiring new skills and knowledge. The authors examine factors that may influence technology use: asking if organizational culture is related to uptake in the professional context, and if self-reported individual resistance to innovation and change can explain voluntary adoption of ICT tools. The results offer a portrait of how agency-based social workers are using technology in personal and professional life, describe how these supervisors learn about developing technologies for practice, and highlight the gaps in technology infrastructures among agencies, pointing to directions for further exploration.     

论幼儿行为心理对幼儿园建筑构思的影响

当前幼儿园建筑作为较高层次的设计,需要对方案解析、功能要求及环境品质等问题做出相应的调整,尤其不能忽略儿童行为及心理的需要,特别是针对其思想、感情和行动的影响方式。幼儿园的建筑设计和环境建设与现代幼儿行为观念的变革一脉相承。由此可见,其建筑学的处理手法蕴涵了从室内到室外可持续发展的行为理念。究其原因是行为学极大地影响了从建筑布局到结构形式的固有组织。幼儿园建筑设计的正确方向应是作为环境文脉的延续,从而使今后的研究更加明确,更具有针对性。