汉语史研究基本理论范畴问题

汉语史研究的事实发掘成果卓著,令人目不暇接,但理论滞后于实际的状况却愈显突出,主要症结在于汉语史研究的基本理论范畴还没有确立起来,所以导致我们连汉语史研究的基本理论框架的认识都十分模糊。范畴的概括化与系统化是一门学科成熟程度的标志。确立科学的汉语史研究理论范畴当遵循下面的一些原则:以汉语史研究科学体系为构建框架,突出汉语史科学范畴体系的特点,按相对稳定的定型化思维样式来表述。无论是从汉语史研究范畴属性、汉语史研究范畴认识类型,还是从汉语史研究范畴视野来看,汉语史研究的基本理论范畴包括基本概念、分期理论、史料科学、理论模型、方法论、学术视野、学术评价、学术演化、学术关系、学术价值等。     

Parenting Style,Child Emotion Regulation and Behavioral Problems: The Moderating Role of Cultural Values in Australia and Indonesia

Abstract

Research has shown that the congruence of parenting styles with cultural values, rather than parenting styles alone, impacts child adjustment. This study examined if parents’ cultural values moderate the relationships between parenting styles and child outcomes across both an individualist culture (Australia) and a collectivist culture (Indonesia). Three hundred and eighty-seven parents of 2–10-year-old children from both countries reported their parenting styles, the importance of the collectivistic values (security, conformity, and tradition), and their child's emotion regulation and behavioral problems. In both countries, authoritative parenting was associated with higher child emotion regulation and lower levels of behavioral problems, and authoritarian parenting was associated with lower child emotion regulation and higher levels of behavioral problems. Although cultural values did not moderate the relationship between authoritarian parenting and child adjustment, in both countries greater importance placed on tradition attenuated the positive effect of authoritative parenting on child outcomes.     

氧气的发现及其哲学意蕴 ——兼论拉瓦锡的研究纲领

拉瓦锡对氧气的发现作出了重要贡献。氧气的发现取决于其背后思维范式和研究纲领的转变。他运用已掌握的经验知识和丰富理论,以客观事实为准则,审查燃素说的一切观念范畴;确立正确的思想观念,以彻底的批判精神和无畏的创新意识开展新的理论思考和实验研究,深刻分析实验现象,揭示出燃素说的逻辑矛盾性,发现了氧气及其在燃烧反应中的作用;使用精确的语言表述氧气及其性质,阐述燃烧现象的本质和规律。氧气的发现是认识上由特殊到普遍、实践上由抽象到具体的结合过程,是事实、观念和语言三者辩证交织的结果。     

Examining the Nursing Home Physical Environment Through Policy-Driven Culture Change

A critical need exists to challenge approaches to nursing home care due to rigid organizational factors and hospital-like culture. It has been argued that resident care needs to move toward a person-centered approach by addressing the organizational, social, and physical environments in nursing home facilities, a process often known as culture change. In response to this need, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has created funding for pay for performance (P4P) nursing home incentive programs to allow nursing home providers to receive CMS reimbursements for culture change in the facilities. Through care staff interviews, site observations, and a document review, this qualitative study assesses the impact of a Midwestern state P4P incentive program in three participating nursing homes. Using an environment and behavior (E-B) policy orientation framework, this study examines culture change through a focus on policy, the physical environment, place attachment, and social and psychological processes in the study settings.     

Harm reduction for cannabis: Factor analysis of a protective behavioral strategies survey

Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of a measure of cannabis-specific Protective Behavioral Strategies (PBS), which assesses ways in which students may reduce cannabis-related risk. Participants: Respondents to the American College Health Association – National College Health Assessment II (N = 580) during Spring 2015. Methods: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) were used to identify and replicate the factor structure of the measure. Results: Results support a four-factor model (Respiratory Health, Frequency/Quantity, Socializing, and General Health) with close approximate fit (Χ² (310) = 565.96, p < .001, RMSEA = .038 (.033, .043; 90% CI), CFI = .961, TLI = .929, SRMR = .033). Support for the convergent validity and construct validity of the measure was also found. Conclusions: This is the initial step in the development of a standard, psychometrically validated measure of cannabis PBS that has the potential to inform future research and interventions.     

民族地区城镇化发展模式及路径创新——基于四川、广西、贵州等地的调研分析

城镇化是我国民族地区经济社会发展的必经阶段。探索民族地区的城镇化发展模式及创新路径,对于加速民族地区现代化进程、转变民族地区经济增长方式以及实现社会安定团结具有重要的推动作用。文章在对民族地区城镇化发展现状描述的基础之上,归纳概括出城镇化运行的四大矛盾;并全面总结出旅游产业带动型、工业发展助推型、边境贸易推动型、草原牧业发展型四大类型的城镇化发展模式;通过构建民族地区城镇化发展的愿景框架,结合民族地区的发展实际,最终提出坚持绿色低碳,发展城镇化的生态文明建设,强化产城融合,持续释放城镇化的发展活力,深化制度改革,实现城镇化发展质量的提升及保持文化传承,不断彰显城镇化的民族特色等城镇化发展的创新路径。     

Birds of a feather petition together? Characterizing e-petitioning through the lens of platform data

E-petitioning platforms are increasingly popular in Western democracies and considered by some lawmakers and scholars to enhance citizen participation in political decision-making. In addition to social media and other channels for informal political communication, online petitioning is regarded as both a useful instrument to afford citizens a more important role in the political process and allow them to express support for issues which they find relevant. Building on existing pre-internet systems, e-petitioning websites are increasingly implemented to make it easier and faster to set up and sign petitions. However, little attention has so far been given to the relationship between different styles of usage and the causes supported by different groups of users. The functional difference between signing paper-based petitions vs. doing so online is especially notable with regard to users who sign large numbers of petitions. To characterize this relationship, we examine the intensity of user participation in the German Bundestag’s online petitioning platform through the lens of platform data collected over a period of five years, and conduct an analysis of highly active users and their political preferences. We find that users who sign just a single petition favor different policy areas than those who sign many petitions on a variety of issues. We conclude our analysis with observations on the potential of behavioral data for assessing the dynamics of online participation, and suggest that quantity (the number of signed petitions) and quality (favored policy areas) need more systematic joint assessment.     

论美国的会计概念框架与我国的基本会计准则

会计准则和概念框架同属于经济中的制度安排。会计准则起因于财务报告的编报者与其使用者之间的信息不对称。建立会计概念框架的主要用途是为国际会计准则理事会和财务会计委员会评估和发展会计准则提供指南。美国会计概念框架是当前世界上最全面、最细致的会计概念框架。IASB和FASB联合制定的会计概念框架项目,在财务报告的目标和信息质量特征的发布方面初步达成一致意见。他们还讨论了要素,如资产、负债的定义和报告主体概念,而这些均未有结论。对比国际会计的概念框架,我国基本会计准则既有趋同性,也有创新性。     

“场域-惯习”视角下的水电移民长期补偿安置方式

借鉴布迪厄的场域-惯习理论,从移民安置的场域、资本、惯习及其相互之间的作用出发,构建水电移民安置方式分析框架。应用该分析框架对水电移民长期补偿安置方式实施的原因、存在的风险和可能的变化进行社会学解读。     

西方哲学视野中的"和谐"与"和谐社会"

人们大多从中国传统文化的角度谈论"和谐"与"和谐社会"问题.但是,以西方哲学为视野,对西方哲学中的"和谐"定义、诉求、"和谐社会"的黄金规则以及架构之维进行深入的梳理和分析,可以彰显,建立在"正义、差异、自由"原则基础上的"和谐"理念与"和谐社会"追求同样存在于西方哲学文化之中,也必将给予我们重要的启发与借鉴.