Changing Attitudes Toward the Homeless: The Effects of Prosocial Communication With the Homeless

One hundred, thirty-four undergraduate students participated in a field experiment designed to examine the effects of extended, prosocial communication with homeless persons, upon attitudes toward the homeless problem, of behavioral intentions towards the homeless, and of causal attributions about homelessness. It was expected that prosocial interaction with the homeless would produce shifts in attitudes and behavioral intentions toward the homeless and homelessness and result in greater attributions of external causes to explain homelessness. Nineteen experimental participants worked 15 hours at a local homeless shelter. Their responses to a posttest questionnaire that measured a range of attitudinal and behavioral orientations toward the homeless were compared with control participants who did not work at the shelter. Subsequent analyses furnished strong evidence of positive changes in attitudes and intentions toward homelessness among the shelter workers. These participants evaluated homeless people as less blameworthy and more socially attractive than did control participants; moreover, shelter workers indicated more personal responsibility and behavioral commitment to helping the homeless than control participants. They also perceived the homeless problem to be more serious and were more likely to attribute homelessness to bad luck than control participants. However, the two groups were equally likely to attribute homelessness to various external causes such as the economy, housing costs, and governmental policies. The results are interpreted as having policy implications for volunteer service.     

少数民族服饰的伦理学研究

本文试图从少数民族服饰与伦理学相互联系、相互作用的角度出发,挖掘蕴涵在少数民族服饰中的伦理观念,说明少数民族服饰是民族伦理观物化的标识。     

Promises and Partnership

We examine experimentally the impact of communication on trust and cooperation. Our design admits observation of promises, lies, and beliefs. The evidence is consistent with people striving to live up to others' expectations so as to avoid guilt, as can be modeled using psychological game theory. When players exhibit such guilt aversion, communication may influence motivation and behavior by influencing beliefs about beliefs. Promises may enhance trustworthy behavior, which is what we observe. We argue that guilt aversion may be relevant for understanding strategic interaction in a variety of settings, and that it may shed light on the role of language, discussions, agreements, and social norms in these contexts.     

The Effect of Timing on Jump Bidding in Ascending Auctions

We investigate the role of timing in ascending auctions under the premise that time is a valuable resource. Traditional models of the English auction ignore timing issues by assuming that the auction occurs instantaneously. However, when auctions are slow, as Internet auctions used for procurement often are, there are significant opportunity or monitoring costs to bidders, and the choice of the size of the jump bid becomes a strategic decision. We study the choice in the experimental laboratory by systematically varying the opportunity costs associated with fast bidding. When time is more valuable bidders respond by choosing larger jump bids. Surprisingly, the economic performance of the auction is not significantly affected. We develop a simple model of ascending auctions with impatient bidders that provides insights into the effect jump bids have on auction performance.     

顾客之间的感知相容性与其行为意向的关系研究

从顾客感知的视角,分析了顾客相容性的概念内涵和维度构成,设计了感知相容性的测量量表,并建立了反映感知相容性与顾客行为意向之间关系的理论模型。采用调查法收集数据,对相容性量表的信度和效度进行了检验,并进一步分析了感知相容性的4个维度,即空间相容性、特征相容性、语言相容性和行为相容性与顾客情绪、感知服务质量和行为意向之间的关系。最后,基于研究结果提出了进行顾客相容性管理的若干建议。     

基于微博情绪信息的股票市场预测

行为金融理论的研究表明,股票投资者在进行投资决策时,容易受到自身的因素如情绪与心理因素的影响.以行为金融理论为依据,作出基本假设:微博情绪信息反映的社会整体情绪倾向能够影响并预测股票市场整体价格走势的变化.实证过程包括抓取新浪微博数据并进行预处理,生成情绪倾向时间序列,通过格兰杰因果关系检验上证指数时间序列与情绪倾向时间序列间的相关关系,建立支持向量机模型预测股票市场价格的变化采验证假设的正确性.实验结果显示加入微博情绪信息的预测模型能够获得更高的准确率,进而证明了本文所作假设的正确性.     

基于行为金融的开放式基金绩效评价模型

考虑决策者的有限理性,在行为金融范式下研究了开放式基金绩效评价问题.利用相对财富和习惯形成效用函数,描述了开放式基金管理者的投资组合决策行为;引入均值-熵度量开放式基金风险,建立了一种行为证券组合模型;以此为内核,研究提出了B-Morningstar风险评价模型;应用模拟分析结果表明,基于行为金融的B-Morningstar模型能够有效逼近其实际绩效水平.     

多忠诚顾客与单一忠诚顾客差异比较研究

随着市场竞争和产品同质化的加剧,多忠诚顾客已成为现实中普遍存在的消费群体。过去有关研究都没有清晰分辨多忠诚和单一忠诚顾客,所得结论的普适性值得怀疑。本文分析了多忠诚和单一忠诚顾客在忠诚的前导和结果变量上所存在的差异,研究发现多忠诚顾客的信任、感知价值、承诺低于单一忠诚顾客;感知风险、价格敏感、口碑效应高于单一忠诚顾客;二者的满意水平没有显著差异。结论对营销者进行市场细分和顾客关系管理具有重要意义。     

多心理账户下的群体投资决策规则优化研究

从决策者有限理性角度,引入行为金融于群体投资决策系统,研究了多心理账户下群体投资决策规则优化问题。研究给出了群体投资决策系统诸多非标准金融实证异象行为的金融解释,并指出了决策者金字塔式心理账户结构;研究提出了各个心理账户下离散随机变量的信息度量方法,以行为证券组合理论为内核进行集成建模,揭示了多心理账户下群体投资决策规则的优化机理。     

行为库存管理研究综述及前景展望

库存管理是运作管理学科的研究重点之一.由于其在经济活动中具有重要的地位,库存管理在行为运作管理这一新兴学科中再次成为学术界关注的焦点.本文首先简述了行为运作管理的行为理论基础以及行为经济学的发展,根据行为运作管理的研究目标构建了行为库存管理的整体研究框架,进而在这一框架下对现有的行为库存管理相关研究进行系统综述,并进一...