“90后”大学生的心理行为特点及教育管理对策

＂90后＂大学生的心理行为特点具有独特性,即自我意识显著化,价值观念多元化,人际交流网络化,生活环境社会化。这既有社会原因,也有家庭和个人原因。加强高校教育管理工作,必须针对＂90后＂大学生的心理行为特点,建立良好师生关系,做好心理健康教育,加强网络安全管理,运用激励鼓舞方法,以引导他们在各方面全面发展。     

1978-2007年人民币行为均衡汇率的实证研究

行为均衡汇率理论是均衡汇率的测算方法中影响较大的一种理论。依据行为均衡汇率测算方法,以中国1978—2007年度数据,运用向量误差纠正研究技术,对人民币实际有效汇率与贸易余额占GDP比重等经济基本因素时间序列之间的协整关系进行了实证检验。研究表明人民币实际有效汇率虽然在相当长一段时间内处于低估的状态,但随着经济基本因素的改变,目前它已经十分接近于均衡汇率水平。     

基于计划行为理论的信用卡使用意向分析及其营销策略研究

在计划行为理论的基础上,使用结构方程模型等数理统计方法,探析了消费者信用卡使用意向的影响因素,建构了消费者信用卡使用意向模型。研究表明,计划行为理论中信用卡态度和知觉行为控制变量对消费者信用卡使用意向有重要影响。此外,研究还进一步将消费者信用卡态度区分为便利性态度、金钱与信用态度,实证研究显示便利性态度对信用卡使用意向有重要影响,并且这种区分是合理的和必要的。     

临床医学学科带头人胜任特征模型建构——量化与质化结合的方法

胜任特征模型研究是人力资源管理理论和实践的前沿问题,然而目前研究多采用单一的方法。本研究首先使用O*NET问卷对494位医院工作人员进行工作分析,然后对20位学科带头人进行行为事件访谈,结合进行专家小组访谈,构建临床医学学科带头人的胜任特征模型。研究发现多方法构建模型具有较好的效果。该职位胜任特征模型包括18项特征,可以分为个性特征,认知技能,管理能力三个理论层次。此外,本研究发现了个性化关怀等三项较新的素质要求。     

基于市场参与者行为假设的股票市场量价关系研究

基于市场参与者非理性行为假设,从供给需求分析出发,研究股票市场的量价关系.首先假设市场参与者具有"急于实现盈利"同时"不愿结算浮亏"的行为特征,通过供求分析,给出股票市场中的需求曲线与供给曲线,然后设定初始均衡,采用经济学中的比较静态分析方法,研究新信息到来时对初始均衡的影响,进而分析新信息的到来对成交量和价格的影响.结果发现,成交量和成交价格的变动正相关,成交量和成交价格变动的绝对值正相关.最后使用计量经济学方法,基于中国A股市场的个股日度数据进行了实证检验,实证结果支持了上述结论.     

英日谚语中隐含的深层文化比较

谚语忠实地反映过去的人们如何思考、如何生活,是文化和思想的活化石。通过谚语能够了解一国的文化和国民性质及其发展历史。从英日谚语入手,探讨其隐含的深层文化特征,并从行为模式、国民性质两个方面比较英日谚语反映出的英美文化与日本文化的差异。通过对谚语的分析来认识不同民族的文化差异,不仅有助于了解谚语的文化背景,而且有助于深入把握其文化特征,从而提高跨文化交际能力。     

Promoting behavioral change towards lower energy consumption in the building sector

Climate change and environmental issues have been increasingly in the forefront of the media and government agendas. However, despite much discussion and fanfare, little has been done in the way of serious commitment and clear course of actions since the adoption of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1992 to bring carbon emissions to sustainable levels. To tackle the immensity of the climate change challenge, a paradigm shift in understanding is necessary to balance the course of global human development with energy demand and consumption patterns. Accounting for over 40% of global energy demand and more than 30% of greenhouse gas emissions, the building sector offers the greatest mitigation potential for reducing carbon emissions in both the short and long term, with positive implications for a range of associated sectors and industries. Promoting behavioral change among end-users for reduced energy consumption as well as encouraging the building industry to embrace sustainable design, low-carbon construction practices and materials, and renewable technologies, is fundamental to mitigating the impact of the built environment on planetary biospheres and preserving quality of life for generations to come. This paper starts by drawing attention to the building sector and related EU policy, outlining the challenges and opportunities for reducing energy consumption and carbon emission levels. Such policy provides the essential framework to engage stakeholders and allow supporting factors to foster progress in the sector. The paper contends that information on climate change has not led to significant improvements in meeting global targets and that what is needed is behavioral change among individuals and society as a whole. On the basis of research project experiences and literature review, it puts forth and explores five key elements contributing to behavioral change for reduced energy consumption and lower carbon emissions in the building sector, focused on: information and education; financial incentives and energy services; modern technologies and sustainable design; social and community norms; and biophilia (contact with the natural environment). The paper suggests opportunities for further research and concludes with recommendations for policy-makers and related stakeholders.     

魔法数字7：米勒法则的行为经济学分析:

米勒(1956)提出,人脑同时只能处理7±2个信息团,这一发现被称为米勒法则。虽然学者们对于米勒法则所指的魔法数字究竟是多少仍有争议,但人脑具有短期存储与信息处理限制这一事实已被学者们所公认。根据这一法则,人们在进行偏好排序时有同时处理项目数量的约束,这一约束对消费者进行商品束的偏好排序有着重要影响。本文通过一个两阶段实验证明,超过人脑处理能力限制的偏好排序是不稳定的。由于人脑处理信息能力的限制,消费者只能对有限的数种商品进行排序。这也是许多行为经济学研究所发现但并未合理解释的现象背后的原因。米勒法则在行为经济学上还应有更大的发展和应用。     

The Effects of Safety Discrimination Training and Frequent Safety Observations on Safety-Related Behavior

The intent of the present study was to assess the effects of discrimination training only and in combination with frequent safety observations on five participants' safety-related behavior in a simulated office setting. The study used a multiple-baseline design across safety-related behaviors. Across all participants and behavior, safety improved from 53% during the baseline phase to 74% during the training phase, and improved further to 89% during the training plus observation phase. The results show that both discrimination training only and in combination with frequent observations improves safety-related behavior with a medium effect size. The study also measured participants' accuracy of observation, which was the extent of their correct classification of safe and at-risk behavior. Participants' accuracy of observation was above 80% and had little correlation with safety-related behavior. Based on the various measures, conducting observations appears to serve more than a skill acquisition function for the safety-related behavior.     

奥尔森集团理论评析

在集团政治研究从政治学走向经济学的过程中,奥尔森集团理论最具开创性和代表性。它以"经济人"为研究范式,通过分析集体行动的逻辑即提供集体物品和分利化倾向,认为集团分利会产生政治非民主、经济低效率后果,会形成分利联盟、制度僵化进而导致国家衰败。奥尔森集团理论开辟了集团政治研究的新视角,但也具有自身不可克服的缺陷。