湘西民间宗教信仰现状、问题及对策

对湘西民间宗教信仰的现状、存在的问题及解决问题的对策进行了探讨。     

古代亚欧大陆北部游牧民的宗教信仰

古代亚欧大陆北部游牧民普遍存在原始宗教信仰 ,后来祆教、摩尼教、佛教、景教、伊斯兰教等经游牧民传入和传出该地区 ,各种宗教在这里并存或交融相汇 ,此起彼伏 ,盛衰交替。     

大学生理想信念教育刍议

阐述了当前部分大学生中存在着理想信念上的困惑 ,指出面对新形势 ,大学生要自觉地树立共产主义的人生理想 ,而作为思想教育工作者也应当注重加强理想信念教育。同时阐述了理想教育应注意的几个问题     

传统民间文化与新农村建设：以华北梨区庙会为例

华北中部的梨区曾经“村各有庙,庙各有会”。从勾龙传说、娘娘救刘秀的传说和九龙口传说等不同庙会解释文本的演化可知,仪式实践仍遵循传统的梨区庙会是以官、民为主体的多个异质性群体“共谋”的结果。在发展经济的民俗旅游乌托邦幻象的引诱下,这些共有的表述使得庙博物馆在当地的修建成为可能,也成为目的各异的官民共同努力的方向。在倡导“新农村”建设的今天,从民众的生活逻辑出发来理解传统民间文化,并给予其适当的生存空间乃新农村建设有机的、重要的一部分,只有根植于传统文化土壤的新农村才会有持久的活力。     

Not ‘women's burden’: how washing clothes and grinding corn became issues of social justice and development

Women's heavy and unequal responsibilities for care, long considered ordinary or insignificant by development workers as well as the wider public, are being reframed as issues of social justice through new methodologies for communities to analyse care work and advocate for change. Oxfam and local partners in the Philippines, Honduras, and Bangladesh are piloting two approaches. The first, Rapid Care-Analysis, uses focus groups to assess the local provision of care, identify problems, and propose solutions, reframing care as a compelling issue for both women and men. The second, the Household Care Survey, can be used to gather evidence to persuade governments and aid donors to invest in infrastructure to lessen the practical load of care work. This article shares the experience so far of evolving and piloting these innovative methods.     

Colliding Intersubjectivites: Transparency in Analytic Couple Therapy

Using a research‐informed version of how analysts think and work, this paper renders more explicit and transparent how analytic concepts can inform working with couples. It describes how each partner's subjectively held belief systems interlock and escalate, which is referred to as ‘colliding subjectivities.’ The paper illustrates the potential for this situation of heightened tension to facilitate change.     

Parents' beliefs about children's emotions,children's emotion understanding,and classroom adjustment in middle childhood

To explore how parental socialization of emotion may influence children's emotion understanding, which then guides children's interpretations of emotion‐related situations across contexts, we examined the pathways between socialization of emotion and children's adjustment in the classroom, with children's emotion understanding as an intervening variable. Specifically, children's emotion understanding was examined as a mediator of associations between mothers' beliefs about the value and danger of children's emotions and children's adjustment in the classroom within an SEM framework. Classroom adjustment was estimated as a latent variable and included social, emotional, and behavioral indices. Covariates included maternal education, and child gender and ethnicity. Participants were a diverse group of 201 third‐graders (116 African American, 81 European American, 4 Biracial; 48.8% female), their mothers, and teachers. Results revealed that emotion‐related beliefs (value and danger) had no direct influence on classroom adjustment. However, children whose mothers endorsed the belief that emotions are dangerous demonstrated less emotion understanding and were less well‐adjusted in the classroom. Mothers' belief that emotions are valuable was not independently associated with emotion understanding. Findings point to the important role of emotion understanding in children's development across contexts (family, classroom) and developmental domains (social, emotional, behavioral) during the middle childhood years.     

Le faux problème de l'indéfinition de la religion: les origines du ‘problème’ et ses enjeux actuels

When one refuses to participate in shallow debates on the definition of religion, which define in general tactics of declassing the beliefs of others or of under-classing our own beliefs, one recognizes that beyond the emerging patchworked spiritual diversification which emerges in today's advanced industrial societies there is a unified religious dogma. The idea that spirituality will be contradictory to religion does not constitute a pertinent concrete distinction, but occupies a place in this new religious dogma that presents itself as spiritual.     

Bayesian,classical and hybrid methods of inference when one parameter value is special

This paper considers the problem of making statistical inferences about a parameter when a narrow interval centred at a given value of the parameter is considered special, which is interpreted as meaning that there is a substantial degree of prior belief that the true value of the parameter lies in this interval. A clear justification of the practical importance of this problem is provided. The main difficulty with the standard Bayesian solution to this problem is discussed and, as a result, a pseudo-Bayesian solution is put forward based on determining lower limits for the posterior probability of the parameter lying in the special interval by means of a sensitivity analysis. Since it is not assumed that prior beliefs necessarily need to be expressed in terms of prior probabilities, nor that post-data probabilities must be Bayesian posterior probabilities, hybrid methods of inference are also proposed that are based on specific ways of measuring and interpreting the classical concept of significance. The various methods that are outlined are compared and contrasted at both a foundational level, and from a practical viewpoint by applying them to real data from meta-analyses that appeared in a well-known medical article.     

Children's trust in social workers: Scale development and relations to Children's engagement with social workers

This research aimed to develop the children's trust in general social workers (CTGSW) scale. Psychometric properties, structural validity, construct, and concurrent validity of the scale were evaluated. Both linear and quadratic patterns between children's trust beliefs in social workers and their engagement with social workers were examined. A sample of 112 Italian vulnerable children (M = 11.4 years, SD = 1 month) were administered the Italian‐Children's Generalized Trust Beliefs scale, the CTGSW scale, and a measure of engagement with social workers. The CTGSW scale demonstrated the expected (a) structure validity; (b) acceptable psychometric properties; (c) construct validity by correlations with trust in significant others; and (d) concurrent validity by associations with children's engagement with social workers. Reliability and honesty bases of trust in social workers were associated with engagement with social workers. In comparison to the middle range, children who held very low trust in social workers demonstrated very low quality of relation with social workers. The pattern was asymmetrical. Children who held high trust beliefs in social workers demonstrated a modest decrease in quality of relation with social workers. The findings demonstrated validity and utility of the CTGSW and yielded support for the basis, domain, and target framework.