Children's trust in social workers: Scale development and relations to Children's engagement with social workers

This research aimed to develop the children's trust in general social workers (CTGSW) scale. Psychometric properties, structural validity, construct, and concurrent validity of the scale were evaluated. Both linear and quadratic patterns between children's trust beliefs in social workers and their engagement with social workers were examined. A sample of 112 Italian vulnerable children (M = 11.4 years, SD = 1 month) were administered the Italian‐Children's Generalized Trust Beliefs scale, the CTGSW scale, and a measure of engagement with social workers. The CTGSW scale demonstrated the expected (a) structure validity; (b) acceptable psychometric properties; (c) construct validity by correlations with trust in significant others; and (d) concurrent validity by associations with children's engagement with social workers. Reliability and honesty bases of trust in social workers were associated with engagement with social workers. In comparison to the middle range, children who held very low trust in social workers demonstrated very low quality of relation with social workers. The pattern was asymmetrical. Children who held high trust beliefs in social workers demonstrated a modest decrease in quality of relation with social workers. The findings demonstrated validity and utility of the CTGSW and yielded support for the basis, domain, and target framework.     

大学生理想信念教育实效性供给机制探析

理想信念教育是新形势下加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的核心。在全面认识和深刻阐析大学生理想信念现状的基础上,对加强理想信念教育实效性进行多元价值考量,以培养社会主义合格建设者和可靠接班人为旨归,以教育大学生全面成长成才为目标,重新审视了对大学生进行理想信念教育的理念、内容和方法,提出了科学开展理想信念教育的现实路径。     

攀附与逃遁:民族信仰和谐共生——以藏传佛教与纳西族民族信仰为例

异民族信仰之间除了冲突和融合之外,还存在一种二者之间以攀附与逃遁且又和谐共生的状态,其存在从纵向看是一个历史过程,从横向考察则与当时社会政治、经济、文化的发展休戚相关。文章以历史文献资料和田野调查资料为基础,以藏传佛教与纳西族信仰为例探讨异民族信仰相互在攀附与逃遁之间的信仰和谐共生状态,研究这种状态的存在对民族团结、稳定和和谐社会的构建的深层认知。     

Self-hatred,the right to a life,and the tasks of mid-life

In this article the developmental tasks of mid-life are explored. The difficulty that self-hatred brings to the mid-life passage and the contribution of both separation guilt and survivor guilt to self-hatred are discussed. Clinical work with a mid-life woman struggling to believe that she has a right to a life is presented.     

Risk Factors,Parental Communication,Self and Peers’ Beliefs as Predictors of Condom Use Among Female Adolescents Attending Family Planning Clinics

This study examined the impact of risk factors, self and peers’ beliefs, and parental communication on condom use among 290 female adolescents who attended family planning clinics. The major findings showed that in addition to risk factors, self and peer beliefs about condom use and parental communication about birth control predicted actual condom use. Implications for social workers about the importance of encouraging communication between adolescents and their parents are discussed.     

论社会建构主义模式下外语教师的信念

社会建构主义认为,知识是由个人建构的,而不是由他人传递的。而对于教师而言,支配他们行为的是一些难以言表、甚至不为教师本人所意识到的东西。因此,提高教学效率不能仅仅从外部改变教师的教学行为,而是要求教师对自己的信念有更多的自我意识。通过反思将隐含的教学信念外露出来,认识到自己的教学信念、观念,从而有意识地调整自己的教学行为。这就要求教师成为积极的反思性从业者和行动研究者,最终达到改变自己的教育行动的目的,而教师则在这种行动研究过程中实现了自主的可持续性发展。     

论经济法持续发展理念

工业革命在带来经济增长的同时,也带来了对生态环境前所未有的破坏,人类的生存发展受到严重威胁,传统私法面对社会成员个体差异的积累导致的贫富悬殊及社会整体利益受阻往往束手无策.经济法立足于社会整体,保障社会整体利益的持续实现.应确立持续发展的经济法理念,关注人类与自然、环境与发展、当代与后代的关系,在法学研究、立法及实施的各环节全面确立、提升持续发展理念.     

非英语专业高分组学生与低分组学生在语言学习观念上的差异

本调查对江苏教育学院非英语专业的64名高分组和低分组学生进行了有关语言学习观念的定量和定性研究。目的是试图通过比较两者之间的差异,揭示语言学习观念对英语学习成功者的影响。     

大學生英語學習動機衰竭現象研究(英文)

動機在二語/外語學習中起著重要作用。外部原因,如教師的批抨和過低的考試分數,會造成動機的衰竭(demotivation)。經歷動機衰竭的學習者表現出被動、抵制、放棄、厭煩、焦慮等行為和負面情緒。不少學生以濃厚的興趣開始以討厭或絕望告終。這種動機衰竭現象在外語學習中屢見不鮮。本文研究動機強烈學生和動機衰竭學生的不同之處以期更好地理解動機衰竭的原因,以半開放式深度訪談為主要研究方式。根據定性研究程式的要求,封各種资料進行了歸納,發现兩組學生在六個方面存在明顯不同: 1)歸宿感;2)考試分數的影響;3)內在動機和外在動機的轉化;4)封四圾考試的態度和焦慮;5)學習觀念與認知策略;6)自我調節。     

Simplifying Second‐order Belief Attribution: What Facilitates Children’s Performance on Measures of Conceptual Understanding?

This study investigated how 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children’s second‐order belief attribution might be facilitated by either reducing information processing or varying the sequence of task questions. In Experiment 1, compared with Perner and Wimmer’s (1985 ) original second‐order false‐belief task, a new task with reduced information‐processing demands promoted better second‐order reasoning. In Experiment 2, half the stories included a second‐order ignorance question before a second‐order belief question. The ignorance question promoted second‐order belief understanding, superseding the improvement induced by lowered processing demands. Together, the findings suggest that second‐order belief performance can be facilitated if children focus on the concept of ignorance during the sequence of questioning.