语言适应论的认识论意义

语言适应论的形成和发展,极大地丰富了语用学的研究思想。它的认识论意义在于：语言适应论在很大程度上体现了“满意决策”理论的“有限理性”思想与复杂适应系统（CAS）理论的“适应性”思想。它充分考虑到语言使用过程中的确定性与不确定性、偶然性与必然性、适应性与复杂性之间的相互作用,不仅超越了传统语用学思想与经典完美理性观,而且建构了语用学新的研究范式。     

经济理性的限度及其扬弃

经济理性在本质上是一种追求利润最大化的逻辑,经济理性虽然使人类克服了愚昧,摆脱了贫穷,但其并不能无限制的膨胀和使用。经济理性在本体论和存在论上都存在着限度。生态理性是将大自然的经济价值与生态价值、工具价值和内在价值融为一体,实现人与自然、人与人和人与社会和谐的理性。经济理性超出了其合理性限度就会转化为非理性,带来负面效应。当代经济理性的不断扩张的非理性逻辑正大盛其行,因此必须扬弃经济理性,发展并实施生态理性,从而避免导致威胁人类生存和发展的生态危机和社会危机的出现。     

Citizenship Consciousness,Nonbounded Solidarity,and Social Justice

This article analyzes the concepts of bounded and nonbounded solidarity. It first reviews some fundamental propositions from the sociological literature and then looks at Amnesty International's conception of solidarity. A third part discusses solidarity as it applies to social work with groups. The conclusion raises five questions social workers need to address to make social justice a standard part of social group work theory and practice.     

SPECIAL ISSUE： ECOLOGICAL CIVILIZATION AND BEAUTIFUL CHINA Roadmap for the Construction of an Ecological Rule of Law in China

十八大报告在将建设社会主义法治国家作为治国理政总体方略的同时,把中国特色社会主义事业总体布局由经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设“四位一体”拓展为包括生态文明建设的‘五位一体’,勾画了中国生态法治建设的路线图。其目标是确立与生态文明相适应的生态环境法治系统,任务是将生态理性纳入法治运行轨道,路径是健全和完善生态法治的制度与体制机制。     

考问价值:礼治何以可能?——儒家礼治思想之价值合理性的三重视角

从价值观的视域回答"礼治何以可能"是儒家礼治哲学要解决的核心问题。儒家礼治思想之价值合理性,在于儒家礼治思想本质上内蕴着"让"、"名"、"和"三重价值特质,它使得儒家的礼治大厦得以建构于坚实的价值土壤之上。     

Reputational Bargaining With Minimal Knowledge of Rationality

Two players announce bargaining postures to which they may become committed and then bargain over the division of a surplus. The share of the surplus that a player can guarantee herself under first‐order knowledge of rationality is determined (as a function of her probability of becoming committed), as is the bargaining posture that she must announce in order to guarantee herself this much. This “maxmin” share of the surplus is large relative to the probability of becoming committed (e.g., it equals 30% if the commitment probability is 1 in 10 and equals 13% if the commitment probability is 1 in 1000), and the corresponding bargaining posture simply demands this share plus compensation for any delay in reaching agreement.     

Bounded Memory and Biases in Information Processing

Before choosing among two actions with state‐dependent payoffs, a Bayesian decision‐maker with a finite memory sees a sequence of informative signals, ending each period with fixed chance. He summarizes information observed with a finite‐state automaton. I characterize the optimal protocol as an equilibrium of a dynamic game of imperfect recall; a new player runs each memory state each period. Players act as if maximizing expected payoffs in a common finite action decision problem. I characterize equilibrium play with many multinomial signals. The optimal protocol rationalizes many behavioral phenomena, like “stickiness,” salience, confirmation bias, and belief polarization.     

Stochastic Choice and Consideration Sets

We model a boundedly rational agent who suffers from limited attention. The agent considers each feasible alternative with a given (unobservable) probability, the attention parameter, and then chooses the alternative that maximizes a preference relation within the set of considered alternatives. We show that this random choice rule is the only one for which the impact of removing an alternative on the choice probability of any other alternative is asymmetric and menu independent. Both the preference relation and the attention parameters are identified uniquely by stochastic choice data.     

地方金融监管权力“理性”路径

"理性"经济人的概念是理论经济学的重要支撑,从地方金融监管权力"理性"实现视角,以监管权力的"理性"实现为切入点来探讨地方金融监管问题,把决策者描述为"理性行为主体",运用经济学中"理性"视角对地方金融监管权力的实现进行研究,契合我国全面深化金融监管改革进程中"旧未完破、新未全立"的情势.对地方金融监管权力的"理性"配置,运用历史唯物主义方法探寻其发展规律,并从主体自觉、价值"理性"和工具"理性"的维度构建主体"理性"框架.在此基础上探讨主体"理性"实现路径,进一步提出重塑金融发展与实体经济、政府管理与市场调节、中央调控与地方监管的关系.     

康德的社会发展思想研究

康德的社会发展思想主要有5个方面：我们的时代要求理性必须对自己进行批判,可以根据经验推动社会发展;好意把握着社会发展的原则,使社会发展向良性方向前进;社会发展必须出于每个人的义务,尊重客观规律,而非出于每个人的爱好;人是社会发展的目的,而不是社会发展的手段;人的实践理性有三条公设：灵魂不死、意志自由和上帝存在,这样才能使社会发展成为最高的好事。这些思想对于我们今天的中国特色社会主义建设事业具有一定的现实意义。