试论邮政储金汇业局的经营活动

1937年对日全面抗战开始后,国民政府主张抗战与建设并重。在金融方面,对政策进行了一系列调整,在战前经济金融政策的基础上,国民政府制定实施了战时金融统制政策,在此过程中邮政储金汇业局的经营发生了深刻变化。作为四联总处下属的“四行二局”之一,邮政储金汇业局在战时的金融体系中占有举足轻重的地位。通过利用中国第二历史档案馆馆藏的邮政储金汇业局、四联总处等机构的资料,重点分析邮政储金汇业局在抗日战争时期的经营活动。这不仅有助于我们了解抗战时期国民政府经济金融政策实施的过程及成效,也可以清楚地认识到邮政储蓄在抗战金融体系中的地位和作用。     

医疗保险对农村居民家庭消费的影响分析--基于不同收入层级的跨地区比较

利用2009、2010农村固定观察点数据,分析了医疗保险对不同地区、不同收入层级的农村居民家庭医疗消费支出和非医疗消费支出的影响。实证结果表明：医疗保险对农村居民家庭的医疗类消费不存在显著影响,对非医疗类消费支出则存在显著的正向促进作用。分地区来看,医疗保险对东西部地区农村居民家庭医疗类消费的影响差异显著,对东中部地区农村居民家庭非医疗类消费支出的影响同样差异显著;分收入层级来看,医疗保险对家庭医疗类消费的影响在不同收入层级的农村居民家庭之间不存在显著差异,但对非医疗类消费支出的影响在不同收入层级之间差异显著。此外,商业医疗保险作为医疗保险体系的重要组成部分,对促进农村消费起到带动作用。最后,本文从加大政府补贴和完善保障机制两个方面提出政策建议以期有效降低农村居民家庭超常的预防性储蓄,促进农村居民家庭消费。     

Social Change and Social Policy in Japan

This paper aims to present and discuss social change and social policy in Japan after the mid-20th century from a sociological viewpoint. Japanese social change and social policy from the mid-20th century onward can be categorized into three models in chronological order: escape from mass poverty by means of industrialization, improvement of the social security system to establish a welfare state, and parallel progress of aspiration for a welfare society and workfare. Defined concretely, these are (1) the period that established and improved social security, which started immediately after the end of World War II and ended in 1973, when Japan began to suffer from low growth after enjoying high growth; (2) the period in which finance for social security was adjusted, halfway through which the country experienced a bubble economy; and (3) the period after the 1990s, in which the structural reform of social security went hand-in-hand with labor policy and the advent of globalization. In each of the three periods, the direction of social policy was affected by factors that caused changes in such areas as industrial structure (the decline of agriculture), demographic structure (an aging society), and family structure and work pattern (the growing trend of nuclear families, single-person households, and irregular employment). In Japan, life security now attracts increasing attention, and employment security rather than social security has been the central issue. As it is greatly affected by globalization, employment security grows less conspicuous and makes the vulnerability of social security grow more conspicuous. Social policy has the potential to become an area with which to struggle for national integration and fissures between social groups.     

The Organizational Connection: Social Capital and the Career Expansion of Directors of Business Groups in Israel

This article studies which directors of the largest corporations forming part of the Israeli business groups accumulated directorships within the groups between the years 1974 and 1988. A comparison is made between directors within business groups who accumulate directorships and those who do not, and in addition, the research focuses on directors who joined additional boards, questioning who gets ahead in terms of three components of social capital: organizational positions, elite positions, and social networks. The study uses logistic regression to discern which variables increase the likelihood of being invited onto an additional board within the business groups and the likelihood of getting ahead. The findings strongly support the hypothesis that the organizational position of directors, more than their elite position ties and social networks, is the most significant determinant of who will join additional boards and who will get ahead. The article is concluded with a discussion of several factors contributing to relative impact of organizational positions.     

儒家工商业思想述要

儒家充分肯定了社会分工以及由此产生的“通功易事”的必要性,因而主张鼓励和扶持民间工商业的发展,同时对民间工商业可能导致的某些弊端极为关注,并从多方面设法防范。儒家还论证了自由主义工商管理政策的必要性,并对国家干预主义进行了多方面批判。儒学中包含着丰富的经济思想,对今天社会主义市场经济建设具有重要意义。     

现代企业管理伦理的多维视角

企业管理的发展史就是一部围绕人的伦理品性展开的历史,管理伦理的基础是历史所赋予的,并且不断为现实所证明.管理伦理就象一只"无形的手",作用于企业管理的各个层面,并且发挥着不可替代的基础调节作用.本文从企业管理的制度、激励和效率三个关键层面探讨了管理制度的伦理性、管理伦理的激励功能和管理效率的道德基础,揭示了管理与伦理的内在契合关系,为实现企业伦理化管理提供理论支持.     

论农业保险多层次经营模式的构建

当前农业保险经营陷入商业保险公司不愿介入、政府无力独自承办、农业合作保险供给不足的尴尬局面,难以满足日益发展的农业对保险保障的需求,解决问题的关键在于选择合理、可行、有效的农业保险经营模式,结合目前农业保险现状,应建立“以合作保险为主体,以政策性农业保险为后盾,以商业化经营等其他模式为辅助”的多层次农业保险经营模式。     

基本养老保险实现全国统筹的理论支撑与实践操作

基本养老保险全国统筹涉及多视角理论依据,其主要支撑理论包括大数法则原理、社会公平理论、收入再分配理论和博弈理论,其现实依据在于目前我国基本养老保险统筹层次过低导致的突出问题和提高统筹层次面临的障碍。顺利实现基本养老保险全国统筹,应不断完善基本养老保险制度和相关配套设施的建设。     

跨国公司的学习型组织与商务模式研究

电子商务拓展了国际贸易的空间和场所,缩短了国际贸易的距离和时间,推动着全球经济的迅猛发展。跨国公司作为面向全球化资源的经营者和利用者经历着新的挑战与机遇。企业核心能力战略已成为众多跨国公司的经营战略。本文以此为背景通过对学习型组织特征的论述,指出跨国公司学习型组织结构有助于跨国公司核心能力的培育、发展与应用,有助于提高其全球运作效率和竞争优势,同时给出了跨国公司学习型组织的商务模式。     

关于普及和加强我国商业伦理教育的思考

商业伦理学是一门新兴的交叉管理学科 ,普及和加强商业伦理教育是我国社会主义市场经济健康发展的需要。文章分析和研究了西方商业伦理的发展及其现状和中国的商业伦理学的发展状况 ,提出了在中国加强与普及商业伦理教育建设的思考 :1 .加强商业伦理制度化规范化建设 ;2 .在工商及管理学院开设商业伦理必修课 ;3.成立专门的商业伦理或管理伦理研究机构 ;4.在工商企业中开展商业伦理知识的普及性教育 ;5 .提高全民的道德修养和加强商业伦理的社会教育。