A relation for the covariances of order statistics from n independent and non-identically distributed random variables

We derive a simple relation satisfied by the covariances of order statistics in the i.i.d. case and then generalize it to the case when the variables are independent and non-identically distributed. This relation could be employed successfully either to check the calculations or to reduce the amount of direct computations involved in evaluating the covariances of order statistics from an outlier model.     

新能源汽车产业商业模式创新多要素联动机制研究 ———基于创新生态系统视角

基于创新生态系统理论和种群关系理论,将我国新能源汽车产业上市公司划分为不同生态位 企业种群。 运用模糊集定性比较分析法,从资源基础、企业家精神、技术创新、激励水平和环境动态性 5 个维度出发,探究不同生态位新能源汽车企业种群商业模式创新的联动机制。 研究结果表明:低生态位 企业种群存在“技术创新-激励水平”“技术创新-环境动态性”两种高水平商业模式创新联动机制;中生 态位企业种群主要通过内部资源基础和企业家精神驱动来实现商业模式创新发展;高生态位企业种群存 在“企业家精神-环境动态性”“企业家精神”“激励水平-环境动态性”三种商业模式要素联动机制。     

顾客第一论

“顾客第一”有其特定的内涵,它充分体现社会主义企业的根本目的,因而是企业所有经营观念中的一个根本性观念,也是企业生产经营的一个根本指导思想。企业要实现其双重目的,促进物质文明和精神文明建设的发展,并树立各种现代经营观念,就必须坚持顾客第一。     

The Limitations and Opportunities of Business Process Re-engineering in a Politicized Organizational Climate

This paper is concerned with the organizationalchange and project management issues raised by theimplementation of a business process re-engineering(BPR) approach in the politicized hospital context. This is a report of research in progress,focusing on the issues arising at the problem definitionand project planning stages of a BPR application in anoperating theaters department experiencing problems with scheduling and delays. The research designrelies on a case study approach, with the researcher asparticipant observer, as both an adviser to the projectteam and as field interviewer. The paper argues that an ambitious BPR agenda is compromised inat least two regards. First, the lack of precisionsurrounding the focus and methodology of BPR givespolitically motivated actors considerable influence with respect to defining terms of reference in wayswhich will shape potential outcomes in their favor.Second, the complexity and indeterminacy of the businessprocess or patient trail can also diluteredesign attempts. The principal limitations of theapproach thus concern the impracticality of embarking onrapid and radical change working from a blanksheet of paper with respect to organizational and job design. BPR, unlike other organizationdevelopment interventions, is not a contextsensitive approach. The role of project manageris critical in establishing a working balance betweenindividual, occupational, and organizational goals in a manner perceivedto be legitimate in the context. Effective BPR projectmanagement thus requires a combination of political andprocess analysis skills. The principal opportunities of BPR derive from its process orientation,which brings a fresh perspective to a traditionally andfunctionally fragmented organizational setting, andwhich presents a potentially valuable platform for anevolutionary approach to process improvement.     

Uniform asymptotic linearity of a process based on a signed rank statistic

Consider the process with, cf. (1.2) on page 265 in B1, X₁, …, X_N a sample from a distribution F and, for i = 1, …, N, R${}_{\text{|x}{}_{\text{1}}\text{, - q}{}_{\text{1}}\text{ø|}}$ , the rank of |X₁ - q₁ø| among |X₁ - q₁ø|, …, |X_N - q_Nø|. It is shown that, under certain regularity conditions on F and on the constants p_i and q_i, T^ø_N(t) is asymptotically approximately a linear function of ø uniformly in t and in ø for |ø| ≤ C. The special case where the p_i and the q_i, are independent of i is considered.     

Underlying Values and Consequences in Financial Services

The freeing of financial markets has brought with it increasing sophistication in regulatory regimes. Over time, a succession of frauds and financial scandals has emphasised some limitations of these complex regulatory schemes. This paper seeks to address the reasons for the events that have caused concern, and suggests that they are to be found principally in three categories: (1) the underlying values that drive financial services; (2) the assumptions and values of regulatory regimes, and (3) the increased opportunities to break or evade the rules. Some possible ways forward are sketched. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Culture and Organization: The Case of Transmanche-Link

The relationship between culture and organization has often been discussed, but rarely explored directly. This paper implements a cultural values instrument taken from Hofstede together with a behavioural instrument derived from Van de Ven to matched samples of British and French managers working on the Channel Tunnel project. The results largely replicate the findings of Hofstede regarding cultural values, but do not support the predicted implications for behaviour. In essence, the British were found to be more bureaucratic and more team-oriented than their French counterparts, who tended to be more fonceur and competitive. This indicates that the relationship between culture and behaviour might be more complicated than research to date suggests.     

家族企业可持续发展的路径选择研究

家族企业在全世界经济中占有重要地位。从各个不同角度研究家族企业可持续发展的理论问题,介绍家族企业可持续发展路径选择的SHEMP理论,并且探讨了此种路径选择与环境的关系:从宏观的角度进行家族企业可持续发展的PEST分析,进而提出在现有融资环境、诚信环境和职业经理人市场条件下,我国家族企业的选择路径。     

电子化供应链管理实施方法研究

首先总结e化供应链的特征,分析了e化供应链与传统供应链的区别,然后对e化供应链管理的实施模式进行了总结、分析和对比,在此基础上提出了基于Web Service的e化供应链的一体化解决方案,最后对基于该方案的e化供应链的实施过程进行了论述。     

一种基于区间数判断矩阵的群决策新方法

针对基于区间数判断矩阵的群决策问题,提出了一种群决策新方法.借助于集值统计原理,构造了与区间数判断矩阵群信息等价的具有一定可靠度的确定数判断矩阵,建立了计算这类群信息集结值可靠度的模型,运用和积法对所得新判断矩阵进行处理,得到了一种简便的方案排序方法.最后,通过一个算例验证了该方法的有效性和实用性.