盐酸多奈哌齐对拟VD大鼠模型海马神经元保护作用机制的研究

目的观察盐酸多奈哌齐对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠模型海马NMDA受体亚单位NPR1的免疫组织化学表达的变化,及对GSH-PX、CAT的影响,探讨其在血管性痴呆中的神经保护作用机制。方法采用双侧颈总动脉反复夹闭、再通, 并腹腔注射硝普钠法制备模型,药物组用盐酸多奈哌齐溶液灌胃;用Y-型迷宫试验观察其行为学改变;用免疫组织化学技术观测大鼠海马神经元N-甲基-D -天门冬氨酸受体-R1的表达变化;GSH-PX、CAT分别采用DTNB法及紫外分光光度法测定其活力。结果盐酸多奈哌齐组大鼠学习、记忆成绩优于模型组 (P<0．01),其海马CA1区NMDA受体-R1表达明显降低,与模型组比较有显著性差异(P<0．01);GSH-PX、CAT较模型组明显增高(P<0．01),与假手术组相比无显著性差异(P>0．05)。结论盐酸多奈哌齐可通过降低NMDAR1的表达,提高GSH-以、CAT的活力来保护VD大鼠海马神经元。     

晚清民国时期转译的歌德作品

转译(间接翻译或者重译)问题主要是由于处在源语和两种受语之间的不同翻译策略与方法而引发的翻译问题。虽然直译更能获得读者的认同,而转译往往招来诟病,直译和转译在翻译实践中却意味着较为复杂的、略有差异的跨语际交往功能。转译现象在翻译历史上是常见的,以现代中国的歌德作品的翻译为例,虽然五四运动之后,直译逐渐变得普遍起来,20世纪前半期一直存在着歌德作品的转译现象,研究转译现象是有意义的。     

施行《人体器官移植条例》对器官移植供需困境的影响

20世纪以来,人体器官移植技术因成为医学界临床治疗器官功能衰竭重症患者的有效手段而得以迅速开展。同时也使一直存在着的因器官需求短缺引发的管理无法可依、器官非法交易等问题更加突出。国务院因此在2007年通过的《人体器官移植条例》一定程度上为立法解决当下的器官移植问题迈出了重要一步。同时也带来了新的供需矛盾。就器官移植的供体权益而论,条例对人体部分器官移植,应当鼓励供者自愿捐献、受者自主补偿或亲属之间互助行为;对人体整体器官移植,应当在明令禁止同时,鼓励遗体器官捐献、或者增加生命预嘱内容;对器官供给管理,应当明确伦理学优先原则和伦理委员会审查制度。     

An example of a two-part latent growth curve model for semicontinuous outcomes in the health sciences

A new method of modeling coronary artery calcium (CAC) is needed in order to properly understand the probability of onset and growth of CAC. CAC remains a controversial indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but this may be due to ill-equipped methods of specifying CAC during the analysis phase of studies reporting an analysis where CAC is the primary outcome. The modern method of two-part latent growth modeling may represent a strong alternative to the myriad of existing methods for modeling CAC. We provide a brief overview of existing methods of analysis used for CAC before introducing the general latent growth curve model, how it extends into a two-part (semicontinuous) growth model, and how the ubiquitous problem of missing data can be effectively handled. We then present an example of how to model CAC using this framework. We demonstrate that utilizing this type of modeling strategy can result in traditional predictors of CAC (e.g. age, gender, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), exerting a different impact on the two different, yet simultaneous, operationalizations of CAC. This method of analyzing CAC could inform future analyses of CAC and inform subsequent discussions about the nature of its potential to inform long-term CVD risk and heart events.     

传感论美学：一个理论的框架分析

计算机、通信与传感是现代科技的三大支柱,它们不约而同地与美学结盟。计算机美学与信息论美学方兴未艾,传感技术亦日益成为通约计算机技术与通信技术的掮客。传感论在美学的理论框架中逐渐形成了自己的研究对象、参数内容与理论目标及学科价值,传感论美学所具有的学科理论的合法性席位昭示它自身成为技术美学新成员是可能的。同时,传感技术在信息技术中的掮客身份愈来愈抽象化与审美化,信息技术的生产主体、知识构型、商业流通、编码解读的科技化亦等同于社会风险的不断增加,这些风险也暗示亟待建设传感论美学理论的迫切性与意义。     

Is there a protective role of testosterone against high-grade prostate cancer? Incidence and severity of prostate cancer in 553 patients who underwent prostate biopsy: a prospective data register

This study investigated the role of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in prostate safety and cancer progression. A cohort of 553 patients, 42 treated and 162 untreated hypogonadal men, and 349 eugonadal men were included. Pathological analysis of prostate biopsies examining the incidence and severity of PCa revealed that: 16.7% of treated hypogonadal men had a positive biopsy, a Gleason score of ≤6 in 71.4% and >6 in 28.6% of men, a predominant score of 3 and tumour staging of II in 85.7% men; 51.9% of untreated hypogonadal men had a positive biopsy, a Gleason score of ≤6 in 40.5% and >6 in 59.5% men, a predominant score of 3 (77.4%) and tumour staging of II (41.7%) or III (40.5%); 37.8% of eugonadal men had a positive biopsy, a Gleason score of ≤6 in 42.4% and >6 in 57.6% of men, a predominant score of 3 (82.6%) and tumour staging of II (44.7%) or III (47.7%). The incidence of positive prostate biopsies was lowest in hypogonadal men receiving TRT, with significantly lower severity of PCa in terms of staging and grading in the same group. These results suggest that TRT might have a protective effect against high-grade PCa.     

钙的检测方法

主要介绍了钙的各种检测原理、方法、测量条件、测量范围以及所用试剂、仪器和设备 .     

读者接受因素与译文的生成

近年来接受美学的读者接受理论常被用来分析翻译过程。兹就读者接受因素在译文生成过程中所起的作用,从微观角度分析译者在处理词语、句子、段落的过程中应考虑的读者接受因素。译者应通过有意识地利用读者接受因素、关照译文读者的需求来提高译文的质量。     

前列腺癌发病机制中雄激素和雄激素受体信号的作用

雄激素和雄激素受体(AR)信号在前列腺发育和腺体内环境的稳定中是必要的。AR信号几乎驱动着所有前列腺癌细胞的生长。为了驱动前列腺癌生长,在前列腺癌细胞中的AR信号功能得到完好的保留,所以,在转移性前列腺癌中的雄激素和AR信号作用得到了良好地证明。虽然雄激素和AR信号密切参与着正常前列腺的发育和晚期前列腺癌的转移,但是否雄激素和AR信号也参与了前列腺癌的发生和增殖的早期阶段,这一过程依然不明确。本文综述了前列腺组织中雄激素和AR信号的作用,以及前列腺癌从发生到转移至去势抵抗的知识,并阐述了雄激素和AR在前列腺癌启动的早期阶段中的潜在作用。     

Bayesian scale space analysis of temporal changes in satellite images

We consider the detection of land cover changes using pairs of Landsat ETM+ satellite images. The images consist of eight spectral bands and to simplify the multidimensional change detection task, the image pair is first transformed to a one-dimensional image. When the transformation is non-linear, the true change in the images may be masked by complex noise. For example, when changes in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index is considered, the variance of noise may not be constant over the image and methods based on image thresholding can be ineffective. To facilitate detection of change in such situations, we propose an approach that uses Bayesian statistical modeling and simulation-based inference. In order to detect both large and small scale changes, our method uses a scale space approach that employs multi-level smoothing. We demonstrate the technique using artificial test images and two pairs of real Landsat ETM+satellite images.