甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯合成方法的改进

甲基丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯（DMAEMA）是一种广泛应用于油田钻井的功能单体。采用金属钙（Ca）为催化剂,以甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）和二甲氨基乙醇（DMAE）为原料，吩噻嗪为阻聚剂,用酯     

钙在植物营养中的作用

钙是植物维持正常生命活动所必需的营养元素之一,在植物体内执行多种生理功能;目前,钙已不再仅仅被看作是一种参与构成植物各种器官、组织的营养物质,而且还作为信号物质调节细胞功能,为植物体内各种代谢活动的正常进行提供保障;此外,钙对植物赖以生长的土壤介质的改良也发挥重要作用。因此,钙在植物营养生理中的作用受到人们的广泛关注。本文在查阅大量文献的基础上,对当前这方面的研究成果及动态进行综述。     

激光共聚焦序列图像基于特征的分割方法

采用fluo-4标记的乳鼠心肌细胞钙离子实时激光扫描共聚焦光学切片呈现为点状分布的荧光图像,并且受到噪声的严重干扰,细胞荧光图像在分布上没有连续的边缘;而采用处理静态荧光图像的方法处理这种图像存在很大的困难。该文就心肌细胞Ca2+离子定量研究过程中遇到的问题,提出一种基于马尔可夫场和空间点模式特征聚类相似性测度的自适应图像分割算法。该算法能以统一的标准从不同深度的光学切片中分割出需要分析的细胞钙离子活动区域,对其他利用激光共聚焦技术做动态分析的研究有很好的参考价值。     

Ca2+促进丝瓜离体生根（英）

Ca2+信使系统是植物体内重要的信号通路,它将许多细胞外信号转化为细胞内的信号以影响许多蛋白激酶活性,从而引起植物生长发育的多种反应.在正常Ca2+浓度下,仅激素处理不能生根的丝瓜外植体,处以不同Ca2+浓度处理时,随Ca2+浓度升高,外植体生根数明显加快并增多,且有少量植株叶腋处异化生根,在一定程度上改变了腋芽的发育方向,这说明Ca2+改变了卷须芽或花芽的发育方向,使其发育为根.但Ca2+超过一定浓度后会影响外植体的正常营养生长.     

智能软件的对象模型与感知

文章提出对象感知系统的设计原则以及一种建立在模糊集上的多元对象模型 ,定义了感知空间、感知中心等概念 ,构造了一种基于信息熵的感知算法 ,所提出的模型和算法经理论论证能够满足感知系统的基本设计原则。     

阿尔茨海默病血清褪黑素与钙水平昼夜变化及临床意义

目的：探讨阿尔茨海默病与血清褪黑素及钙水平昼夜变化的关系。方法选择阿尔茨海默病（ AD）患者20例,正常对照者20例,同时在昼夜7：00,11：00,15：00,19：00,23：00,3：00,6个时间点采集空腹静脉血,检测血清褪黑素及钙。结果 AD组褪黑素夜晚显著低于对照组（P＜0.01）;AD组钙夜晚高于对照组,白天显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论昼夜钙代谢异常及褪黑素水平降低是AD危险因素,临床防治AD应当注意这些因素。     

Relationship between vitamin D receptor BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome

Introduction.?It was found that vitamin D may have a direct effect on adipocyte differentiation and metabolism and might be involved in the glucose regulation of insulin secretion, as suggested from the discovery of a nuclear localization of 1,25-(OH)₂D₃ in pancreatic islets. In recent years, several polymorphisms in the VDR gene which are able to alter the activity of VDR protein have been described. The BsmI and FokI polymorphisms were described in relation to obesity and type 2 diabetes.

The aim of the study was to find whether there are associations between BsmI and FokI polymorphisms and anthropometric (BMI, WHR, BP) and biochemical parameters describing metabolic syndrome.

Materials and methods.?Studied were 176 randomly selected men aged 25–65 years (mean: 51.99 years) with a mean BMI of 28.06 kg/m². Two polymorphisms of the VDR gene (FokI and BsmI) were explored using the PCR-RFLP method. Serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG were measured using commercially available kits.

Results.?It was found that BB carriers tend to have higher BMI (29.00 ± 3.74 versus 26.81 ± 3.76, p = 0.024) and waist circumference (101.79 ± 10.59 versus 96.23 ± 10.35, p = 0.014) compared with the bb genotypes. Similarly, FF and Ff carriers had higher fasting insulin levels than the ff genotypes (12.30 ± 10.26 versus 9.76 ± 5.88, p = 0.001 and 9.76 ± 5.88 vs. 6.35 ± 2.64, p = 0.008), and lover cHDL levels in comparison to ff genotypes (52.28 ± 10.02 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.015 and 53.70 ± 12.03 versus 60.63 ± 16.58, p = 0.032. Besides these, no significant differences were found.

Conclusions.?The BsmI VDR polymorphism seems to influence BMI, while the FokI VDR polymorphism appears to affect insulin sensitivity and serum cHDL level.     

副干酪乳酸杆菌通过诱导负调控因子抑制单核巨噬细胞对脂多糖刺激的炎性细胞因子应答

目的:探讨副干酪乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus paracacei,L.para)预刺激抑制脂多糖(Lipopolysacchride,LPS)诱导的炎性细胞因子释放的调节机制?方法:用佛波酯诱导THP-1细胞分化为巨噬细胞样细胞;以L.para预刺激为实验组,小剂量LPS(10 ng/ml)预刺激和TLR2激动剂Pam3CSK4预刺激为对照组,预刺激24 h后,再用LPS大剂量(1 ?滋g/ml)刺激经分化的THP-1细胞;检测预刺激对TLR信号通路负调控因子A20?SOCS1?SOCS3?IRAK3的表达水平,对TLR4和CD14的膜表达水平和mRNA水平,以及对大剂量LPS诱导的炎性细胞因子IL-1β?TNF-α水平的影响?各目的蛋白mRNA水平检测采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)法,TLR4和CD14的膜表达检测采用流式细胞术?结果:L.para等预刺激能够降低LPS诱导的IL-1β?TNF-α表达水平;并能够上调细胞TLR信号途径负调控因子A20?SOCS1?SOCS3?IRAK3的mRNA水平,但不影响细胞膜的TLR4和CD14阳性百分率;IRAK1/4抑制剂能够减弱预刺激诱导的负调控因子表达水平,并减弱预刺激对LPS诱导炎症因子释放的抑制作用?结论:副干酪乳酸杆菌预刺激能够通过上调TLR信号通路负调控因子A20?SOCS1?SOCS3?IRAK3等的表达抑制单核巨噬细胞对LPS刺激的炎性细胞因子的释放?     

射频反应溅射法制备SnO2-x纳米薄膜的气敏特性研究

采用射频反应溅射法在不同氧气分压下制备SnO2-x薄膜,然后在不同温度下对其进行退火处理．利用X射线衍射分析（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等表征技术,研究了制备备件对SnO2-x薄膜的结晶性能和表面形貌的影响．研究结果显示．当氧气分压为50％时,可以制备出质量较高的SnO2-x纳米薄膜．当退火温度从450℃升高到550℃．样品的电阻率降低．退火温度500℃的样品在工作温度225℃时,对乙醇有较高的灵敏度．灵敏度达67％,对丁烷的灵敏度不高．     

A Bayesian hierarchical mixture model for platelet-derived growth factor receptor phosphorylation to improve estimation of progression-free survival in prostate cancer

Summary.  Advances in understanding the biological underpinnings of many cancers have led increasingly to the use of molecularly targeted anticancer therapies. Because the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) has been implicated in the progression of prostate cancer bone metastases, it is of great interest to examine possible relationships between PDGFR inhibition and therapeutic outcomes. We analyse the association between change in activated PDGFR (phosphorylated PDGFR) and progression-free survival time based on large within-patient samples of cell-specific phosphorylated PDGFR values taken before and after treatment from each of 88 prostate cancer patients. To utilize these paired samples as covariate data in a regression model for progression-free survival time, and be cause the phosphorylated PDGFR distributions are bimodal, we first employ a Bayesian hierarchical mixture model to obtain a deconvolution of the pretreatment and post-treatment within-patient phosphorylated PDGFR distributions. We evaluate fits of the mixture model and a non-mixture model that ignores the bimodality by using a supnorm metric to compare the empirical distribution of each phosphorylated PDGFR data set with the corresponding fitted distribution under each model. Our results show that first using the mixture model to account for the bimodality of the within-patient phosphorylated PDGFR distributions, and then using the posterior within-patient component mean changes in phosphorylated PDGFR so obtained as covariates in the regression model for progression-free survival time, provides an improved estimation.