Women in the Sandwich Generation:

The demands made upon 66 middle aged women by their elderly parents and the mediating role of adult children continuing to live at home were examined. Contrary to expectations, adult children played a strong supportive function for the women. The demands made upon the women and the supports provided by the adult children are described. Implications for human services practice are examined.     

Religious Commitment and Social Relationships: Their Relative Contributions to Self-Esteem of Catholic Sisters in Later Life

SUMMARY

In this paper we examine religious commitment and social relationships of Catholic sisters and the relative contributions of these and other variables to their self-esteem in later life. Using a sample of 377 Catholic sisters with an average age of 63.5, we conducted a series of a hierarchical recession analyses to examine the relative contributions of blocks of socio-demographic variables, religious commitment variables, personal relationship variables, and psychological variables to self-esteem. In the overall model, the extent to which relationships were rewarding, perceptions of themselves as women, coping strategies, and perceived self-control were significant and thus predictive of the self-esteem of Catholic sisters.     

Effects of testosterone replacement therapy on hypogonadal men with osteopenia or osteoporosis: a subanalysis of a prospective randomized controlled study in Japan (EARTH study)

Objective: We investigated the effects of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on bone mineral density (BMD) among hypogonadal men with osteopenia/osteoporosis.

Methods: From our previous EARTH study population, 74 patients with a clinical diagnosis of osteopenia or osteoporosis and hypogonadism were included in this study, as the TRT (n?=?35) and control (n?=?34) groups. The TRT group was administered 250?mg of testosterone enanthate injection every 4 weeks for 12 months. The BMD, waist circumference, body mass index, body fat percentage, and muscle volume were measured at baseline and at 12 months. Blood biochemical data, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, and adiponectin values were also evaluated.

Results: At the 12-month visit, BMD significantly increased in both groups. However, comparisons on changes of parameter values from baseline to the 12-month visit between the TRT and control groups were significantly different in BMD (5.0?±?5.0 vs. 3.0?±?3.2; p?=?.0434) and in adiponectin value (?0.90?±?3.33 vs. 0.10?±?2.04; p?=?.0192). There were no significant changes in other parameters.

Conclusions: TRT for 12 months could improve BMD with a decrease in adiponectin levels among hypogonadal men with osteopenia/osteoporosis.     

An association between bone mineral density and anabolic hormones in middle-aged and elderly men with prediabetes

Introduction: Prediabetes (PD) leads to reduced testosterone (T) in males, but the association between the anabolic hormones and bone mineral density (BMD) remains unknown.

Objectives: We investigated an association between the anabolic hormones and BMD in middle-aged and elderly men with PD.

Methods: We investigated 84 prediabetic and 56 control men. Total T (TT), calculated free T (cFT), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured, and BMD was assessed using DXA methods.

Results: Patients with PD had lower TT (p?p?<?.005), and DHEAS (p?<?.02) than control group. BMD values of the lower lumbar spine (p?<?.02) and total body (p?<?.05) in prediabetic men were lower than in control group. Lumbar spine BMD correlated with TT (r?=?0.376), cFT (r?=?0.235), and HbA1c (r?=??0.368); femoral neck BMD correlated with TT (r?=?0.412) and cFT (r?=?0.421). The high lumbar spine and femur neck BMD was associated with high TT, cFT, and low HbA1c, while the high total body BMD with high TT, cFT, and low HbA1c.

Conclusion: The anabolic hormones significantly affect BMD in male with PD, and screening for low BMD is necessary in these patients.     

"大跃进"时期"蚂蚁啃骨头"的机械加工方法的兴起

1958年,"大跃进"进入高潮,机械工业的发展呈现出诸多耐人寻味的现象。在当时特殊的背景下,"蚂蚁啃骨头"的机械加工方法得到了重视和推广。此加工方法涉及冷、热两大类的机械加工问题,其中"蚂蚁"主要是指所谓的"移动式"机床和"积木式"机床,而"骨头"则是指经铸、锻、焊接等方法处理后的大型工件。"蚂蚁啃骨头"的加工方法主要是依靠工人的经验所采取的一种代用的技术方法,它解决了当时机械加工行业的生产困难,但也被赋予了很强的政治色彩。这种加工方法从一个侧面反映了20世纪五六十年代中国装备制造的工业基础、技术水平,也展示出中国当代的政治、经济和文化等因素对技术发展的影响。     

X 线影像微机骨龄诊断系统研究

讨论了判读 X 线影像诊断骨龄的基本方法:G-P 图谱法和 TW20计分法。在此基础上提出了使用二值逻辑树分段逼近,判读子骨龄段,并运用内插方法获得准确骨龄,这是一种快速准确诊断骨龄的方案。文中研究了微机骨龄诊断系统诊断准确度和错误诊断概率等系统设计问题。最后讨论了系统实现与实验结果。系统在 PC 系列微机上实现,使用典型 X 线骨龄片对系统进行了实际评查。骨龄诊断准确,诊断时间小于3分钟。     

MRI在骨巨细胞瘤诊断中的价值

目的 探讨骨巨细胞瘤的表现特点.方法 搜集经手术证实的40例骨巨细胞瘤患者资料,分析MRI征象并与病理结果对照.结果 所有病例在T1WI表现为等、低信号,T2WI为不均匀高信号,Gd-DTPA增强扫描呈中度或明显强化,并可显示瘤内坏死、囊变、出血、含铁血黄素沉着及液-液平面等.结论 MRI对骨巨细胞瘤的内部组织情况及周边情况显示良好,信息全面,可提高骨巨细胞瘤诊断的准确性,对临床治疗方案的选择提供重要依据.     

田中一光的能剧海报艺术特征探析

日本平面设计大师田中一光设计的戏剧海报作品中,能剧海报独树一帜.能剧海报多以日本传统的能面形象为基本元素,结合理性严谨的方格骨格,采用热情饱满的日本民族色彩,巧妙处理虚实关系,是民族与国际、传统与现代完美结合的典范.     

殷商制骨

殷商时期的骨器制造业已经很发达,既有王室控制的制骨场所,也有部族的制骨场所；工艺流程清晰,器物种类繁多,它真实反映了殷商文明的水平。     

殷墟花东H3卜辞中的“王”是小乙——从卜辞中的人名“丁”谈起

花东H3卜辞中的“■”为丁,是日名,有的是生者,有的是死者,活着的丁是尚未即位的武丁,卜辞中的王是小乙,H3卜辞的占卜主体应在小乙时代。