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41.
Mikko Ketokivi 《Production and Operations Management》2006,15(2):215-228
What determines which manufacturing flexibility strategies are feasible and which are not? In this paper, I build both theoretical and empirical understanding of task‐environmental contingencies that may either enable or constrain the selection of various flexibility strategies. The special emphasis is on the various plant‐level actions that are used to seek manufacturing flexibility. Demand uncertainty and variability, technology, and competitive strategy emerge as the most important contingencies, although not in ways that are immediately apparent. Finally, managerial implications at both the corporate as well as manufacturing unit levels are discussed. 相似文献
42.
In this paper, we present what we call an “active case study” and we theorize specifically on the relevance hereof for an exploration of power distance (as conceptualized by Hofstede (Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, Sage, Beverley Hills, CA, 1980)). As Hofstede conceives it, the notion of “power distance” enables an understanding of the predominant ideas about inequality prevalent in a (national) culture, which in turn infuse work relationships. An active case study approach—as we elucidate in the paper—implies an acknowledgement on the part of those organizing the research of the manner in which their intervention might affect the way “respondents” experience their work relationships. We suggest that our proposed active case study approach offers novel possibilities for exploring power distance and should be added to the repertoire of approaches used to examine this in organizational life. We develop our argument in this regard by offering a detailed account of the application of this approach to a Taiwanese organization (the Kaohsiung Harbor Bureau in Taiwan). 相似文献
43.
The history of Bayesian statistics is traced, from a personal perspective, through various strands and via its re‐genesis during the 1960s to the current day. Emphasis is placed on broad‐sense Bayesian methodology that can be used to meaningfully analyze observed datasets. Over 750 people in science, medicine, and socioeconomics, who have influenced the evolution of the Bayesian approach into the powerful paradigm that it is today, are highlighted. The frequentist/Bayesian controversy is addressed, together with the ways in which many Bayesians combine the two ideologies as a Bayes/non‐Bayes compromise, e.g., when drawing inferences about unknown parameters or when investigating the choice of sampling model in relation to its real‐life background. A number of fundamental issues are discussed and critically examined, and some elementary explanations for nontechnical readers and some personal reminiscences are included. Some of the Bayesian contributions of the 21st century are subjected to more detailed critique, so that readers may learn more about the quality and relevance of the ongoing research. A recent resolution of Lindley's paradox by Baskurt and Evans is reported. The axioms of subjective probability are reassessed, some state‐of‐the‐art alternatives to Leonard Savage's axioms of utility are discussed, and Deborah Mayo and Michael Evan's refutation of Allan Birnbaum's 1962 justification of the likelihood principle in terms of the sufficiency and conditionality principles is addressed. WIREs Comput Stat 2014, 6:80–115. doi: 10.1002/wics.1293 This article is categorized under:
- Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Bayesian Methods and Theory
44.
Marina Bouzon Rodrigo Spricigo Carlos M.T. Rodriguez Abelardo A. de Queiroz Paulo A. Cauchick Miguel 《生产规划与管理》2013,24(16):1368-1385
Academic and corporate interest in reverse logistics (RL) has risen considerably in recent years. In this context, the objective of this study was to identify the drivers that enable RL practice in an emerging economy. Firstly, international peer-reviewed publications on RL were used to develop a RL environment framework representing the main RL internal and external influences. Secondly, a case-based research was conducted in a large manufacturing company located in Southern Brazil. The results indicated that the most cited driver in the RL literature, the government and legislation, was not a main influence on the studied company. Environmental legislation is still limited in the country and struggles to provide incentives to increase materials recycling. An economic factor related to materials value recovery was also found to drive the backward flow. Finally, knowledge of the RL driving forces may support industries to better implement and manage reverse flows and to bridge the gap between existing and future solutions for reverse supply chains. 相似文献
45.
This paper presents three in-depth case studies of UK small manufacturers from the electronics manufacturing industry with global supply chains. There is no overlap in products, suppliers or customers and over time, each has developed a distinct and different strategy for managing an extended supply chain. The outcomes and experiences though are not markedly different. The operational challenges they encounter around quality and delivery, as well as the strategic dimensions of information asymmetry and capability fit are discussed. The study identifies the financial risks the firms are exposed to, the constraints to innovation and the wider strategic implications for long-term business performance. 相似文献
46.
The term ‘end-to-end’ process management is now commonplace in the language and practice of operations. Managers are encouraged to migrate from functional process management to end-to-end process management to realise a range of performance improvements. However, these improvements are often elusive; the specific challenges associated with such a migration are under-researched. This paper uses a cross-sector study to identify the challenges of end-to-end process management and to generate practical managerial guidance. Three areas are identified that demand particular managerial attention: the need to move beyond process mapping, the role of IT in process management and maintaining the process infrastructure as a strategic asset. More significantly, the findings highlight the need for greater conceptual clarity regarding the end-to-end concept itself. The existing literature suggests that scope is the primary differentiator of the end-to-end process – the requirement to manage an extended boundary from customer order through to customer fulfilment. However, this research suggests that the end-to-end concept is more complex, comprising of three core constructs with seven dimensions: scope (boundary conditions, sequence/flow and controls); scale (resources and input/output transformation) and complexity (interrelationships and orientation). End-to-end process management involves much more than an extended boundary. It requires a systemic perspective and clarity regarding controls and transforming resources. 相似文献
47.
Six Sigma process improvement methodology has been accepted globally across the service industry. In past one decade, the application and success of Six Sigma in Services is remarkable across Information Technology organisations, Hospitality firms, Government, Healthcare firms and Banking & Financial Sector. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of Six Sigma within call centres where the metric based environment complements the application of Six Sigma for process improvements. The article establishes the literature for the need for Six Sigma in call centre environment elaborating on customer facing metrics in addition to internal performance measures and highlighting the advantages of Six Sigma. A case study is presented in the second part of the article to study the DMAIC project management approach of Six Sigma for improving the Top Box Customer Satisfaction score of a Banking call centre. The literature identifies the possible opportunities for improving the performance of call centre metrics using Six Sigma. The project case study presented as part of the paper delivered a saving of USD 0.27 million to the bank, and is a classic example of how Six Sigma can bring bottom-line impact to an organisation. The article is limited to elaborate the advantages of Six Sigma in call centre environment, emphasising on its need and its compatibility to go along successfully with change acceleration and project management processes. Managerial implications and lessons learned are discussed alongside the concluding notes. 相似文献
48.
论非形式逻辑及其基本特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
杨武金 《贵州大学学报(社会科学版)》2007,25(4):63-65
非形式逻辑是在传统逻辑和数理逻辑之后产生出来的一门新兴学科,它的根本作用是培养和训练人的逻辑思维和理性思维能力,既能体现思维形式和思维内容的完美结合,也能体现思维的确定性和不确定的完美结合,是案例教学学科整体发展趋势的反应。 相似文献
49.
基于核心制造规范的外包决策模型及实证研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文将制造规范概念引入外包决策,从考虑企业长期绩效和长期竞争力的角度提出了一个以制造规范核心度和流失度为控制变量的二维外包决策模型。决策模型将外包环境分为九种类型,涵盖了从内部制造、各种形式的外包,到简单采购等所有"买或做"的决策,尤其是对介于自制与简单采购之间灰色地带的外包,给出了考虑提供制造规范主体和供应商类型的不同类型合作和联盟治理结构策略。对四个不同类型的企业典型产品近1000个零件的外包决策进行了统计分析,实证了模型的有效性。模型对现实世界观察到的制造企业由于没有按照其中规律行事而导致失败的原因做出了合理而明确解释。 相似文献
50.
张荔 《西安建筑科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2011,30(3):90-93
社会对环境类人才的能力要求越来越高,教师需要着力培养学生的创新能力,强化训练学生的实践能力。在深入研究案例教学的理论基础上,根据“水资源利用与保护”课程的知识结构、课程特点及教学目标,结合教学对象的学习需求,紧扣世界水环境急剧变化给水资源利用与保护提出的新挑战,面向西部的水资源特性及城市水环境现状,设计教学案例,制定实施案例教学流程,对“水资源利用与保护”课程的新型案例教学模式进行了探讨。 相似文献