农民工医疗保障现有模式分析与制度创新

我国已基本建立健全了城镇人口的医疗保障制度和农村人口的新型农村合作医疗制度.但是农民工的现存医疗保障体系还存在制度层面的缺陷,人数多达2亿的农民工的医疗保障已成为亟待解决的现实问题.本文在对现有农民工医疗保障三种模式分析基础之上,提出了解决农民工医疗保障的创新方案--属地专用账户.     

Bringing Two Worlds Together: A Collaborative Interview With JoEllen Patterson

JoEllen Patterson is Professor in the Marital and Family Therapy Program at the University of San Diego. She is also an Associate Clinical Professor of Family Medicine and Psychiatry at the University of California, San Diego, directing a medical family therapy clinic embedded in a Family Medicine residency (equivalent to General Practice in New Zealand). She also works in Pediatrics and Reproductive Medicine at UCSD. At present her work involves training family therapy students and family medicine residents to do interdisciplinary work using a biopsychosocial model. Research suggests that our bodies are influenced by our mental health; our immune systems and cardiovascular systems seem especially susceptible to mind‐body interplay. JoEllen is particularly interested in how family functioning influences the mind‐body system. In 2003, JoEllen Patterson received a Fulbright Senior Scholars award to visit the Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the Child, Adolescent and Family Service in Lower Hutt, New Zealand. She spent two weeks between the clinical service and the academic department, teaching, consulting and advising. I was lucky enough to arrange this posting and to spend time with her during it.     

The Role of Insurance in Managing Natural Hazard Risks: Private Versus Social Decisions

We explore the interaction between individual and collective decisions concerning natural hazards. Collective actions such as building a dam change the risks faced by private individuals. We show that, with proper incentives, individual reactions to such changes in risk can serve to enhance risk management by utilizing individual's decisions to take account of their specialized knowledge about their risk preferences and losses. We demonstrate that the efficient response to construction of a dam may be private actions that lead to a fully anticipated increase in flood damage. In such instances, zoning that focuses on reducing flood damage may lead to less efficient use of the flood plain. More generally, even where incentives for underinvestment in market insurance and self-insurance are present, constraining use of the flood plain by zoning will not generally lead to efficient outcomes. The model identifying conditions under which informed individuals have the incentives to make efficient decisions is powerful and directs attention toward more fruitful approaches.     

Combining New Institutionalisms: Explaining Institutional Change in American Property Insurance

This article combines institutionalisms to explain fundamental change in American property insurance. During the 1950s, the industry shifted from associations to price-competitive markets and vertically integrated firms. I advance two new arguments to explain this shift: First, institutions endogenously generate conditions for change. Second, fundamental change or institutional replacement depends on a dynamic convergence of conditions—market failures, legitimacy crises, new models of order—and the culmination of this dynamic in politics and policies that admit alternatives into fields. Together, these arguments reduce indeterminacies in existing theories of change and shed new light on punctuated equilibria and the politics of transformation.     

How Unique Are the Price–Anderson Limitations on Nuclear Accident Liability?

In this paper we extend the work reported in prior studies. The conclusion drawn from the aggregate of those studies was that the limitation on liability imposed by the Price–Anderson Act for a catastrophic accident at a nuclear power plant ($560 million) is comparable to de facto limitations on recovery following catastrophic events in many other industries. The analysis in those reports was at a high level of abstraction, comparing almost exclusively the potential loss from high consequence accidents with the current assets of major firms in relevant industries. We found that potential loss exceeded assets.     

城市低保人口医疗卫生需求被排斥的问题成因与对策思考

本文从城市低保人口医疗卫生需求被排斥与地位边缘化的产生原因入手,分析了“因贫致病”与“因病致贫”的危害,并结合国家目前正在探索的关于建立城市医疗救助制度试点工作的意见,提出了要培养城市低保人口医疗救助的中间力量,推进救助的多元化和社会化,关键是要使其拥有的健康权有稳定和明确的法律保证。处理好物质、能力、权利三者之间的关系,强调建立和完善后的城市医疗救助制度应该是一种人性化的制度。     

基本蔬菜生产保险补偿标准研究

基本蔬菜生产保险保障是国家的一项补偿政策,分析了基本蔬菜生产过程中遭受的具体风险种类,探讨了基本蔬菜生产风险衡量模型和等级评估,在此基础上,进行了基本蔬菜生产保险费率的测算,提出了基本蔬菜生产保险赔偿标准设计。     

道德化的医事法律规范的实现

医事法律规范的创制应该整合伦理和道德的基本规范,鼓励医事立法对医生行为的调整,着眼于医生行为逐步向"善",逐步符合公平、公正、自由平等的伦理精神和各项道德原则;并论述道德化的医事法律规范路和实现.     

行驶里程数对环境、交通和能源的影响——基于外部性视角的省际面板数据研究

近年来,机动车污染日趋成为中国空气污染的重要来源.选取2006-2010年中国30个省、市、自治区的面板数据,运用单位根检验、协整检验和面板数据模型等方法来研究行驶里程数对环境、交通和能源的影响.结论认为公路交通氮氧化物排放量、汽油消耗量、交通事故数与公路里程数之间存在显著的相关关系,为将行驶里程数纳入车险费率改革、开发绿色低碳车险产品提供参考.     

Mentorship experiences during registrar training: reflections of Black African specialists in the Western Cape

In order to meet the significant staffing challenges to health care provision in South Africa, the need to support the training and retention of Black medical specialists has been identified. This small qualitative study aimed to explore experiences of mentorship among a group of Black medical specialists in hopes of understanding the value and potential challenges that these relationships raise. Ten Black medical specialists were interviewed about their experiences of being mentored during their registrar training. The interview data was analysed using discourse analysis, and the results comprise of three main themes, namely: Difficulty accessing mentorship, a lack of Black and/or female role models and finally, experiences of feeling excluded from soft networks. The experiences explored in this study indicate the need for open dialogue within the mentorship dyad regarding certain taken-for-granted assumptions surrounding race, so as to aid the provision of more effective and satisfying mentorship outcomes.