老龄化背景下我国商业健康保险发展现状与启示

我国老龄化问题日趋严重,老年人口的医疗保障需求日益增长,伴随着居民人均可支配收入的提高及我国立法 政策红利支持,无疑为我国商业健康保险的参与和配合提供了有力条件,文章阐述了我国商业健康保险在老龄化背景下的发 展现状及其存在的主要问题,提出了加快我国健康险发展的政策建议。     

社会养老保险替代率评估模型的构建与运用

合理、适度的养老保险替代率是社会养老保险制度发展的内在需求.本文融合了养老保险宏观与微观主体两方面的"成本-收益"分析,通过对保险基金收支平衡、支出限制、保障效益三方面的考察,建立了养老保险替代率评估模型,并运用这一模型对我国现行养老保险替代率的合理性进行了评估.     

农村居民养老保险财政补贴的福利效应研究

财政补贴是农村居民养老保险制度的核心,是农村居民养老保险制度推行和发展的关键。本研究从保障农民基本生活、调节收入分配、促进农村消费和激励农民参保缴费等4个维度对农村居民养老保险财政补贴的福利效应进行分析,发现当前补贴政策存在保障水平不高,地区分配不均,可持续性不强,激励约束不到位等问题。认为通过加大财政补贴支持力度,明确养老待遇调整机制,改善基金运营监管,调整参保缴费激励方案等多重措施,可以更好地发挥农村养老保险制度的福利效应,实现制度从规模扩张向高质量发展的转变。     

Expanding social health protection in Cambodia: An assessment of the current coverage potential and gaps,and social equity considerations

The Royal Government of Cambodia recently launched its National Social Protection Policy framework to strengthen and expand social security and assistance. To inform social health protection policy, we examine socio-economic survey data and administrative coverage data to assess the coverage potential of existing coverage mechanisms and current gaps; and compare equitable contribution rates. Over 53 per cent of the population currently has no social health protection coverage mechanism, and about 16 per cent of the population who do have access to a mechanism are not yet enrolled. Current expansion efforts focus on the formal employee scheme, primarily benefiting individuals from higher income households. In addition, recent coverage expansion to some informal workers leaves significant gaps, particularly among the informal sector. We find out-of-pocket health care expenditure to be an excessive share of income among lower wealth quintile individuals and conclude they are financially vulnerable. Finally, we illustrate that an equitable approach to individual, monthly health care contributions among the lower three quintiles has a severely limited potential for revenue generation, and collection costs could exceed the amount collected. Therefore, we recommend that vulnerable groups should be exempted from contribution payments as social health protection is expanded.     

Value-based issues and policy change: Medical assistance in dying in four narratives

In 2014, Québec became the first province in Canada to allow medical assistance in dying (MAID) by adopting the Act Respecting End-of-Life Care. This was, and still is, an important policy change. It involves a singular and highly moral issue that generated debates spanning over a longer period than that specific to the law's development and adoption. Using French and English newspapers' renderings of these debates in Québec between 2005 and 2015, this study deconstructs MAID's journey in the province into four periods, each characterized by a specific narrative: flexible precaution, legal hypocrisy, accountability imperative, and ineluctable adaptation. These four narratives allow us to better understand MAID's framing process as they reveal the underlying rationales of three overarching frames covering the 2005–2015 period: the legal frame, the social progress frame, and the service provision frame.     

Public support for the social rights and social obligations of the unemployed: Two sides of the same coin?

In light of the ever‐growing shift towards activation in European welfare states, the present article examines the relationship between citizens’ welfare generosity (i.e., support for social rights) and welfare conditionality (i.e., support for social obligations) with regard to the unemployed. Using data from the 2014 Belgian National Elections Study, we found that generosity and conditionality appear to be two sides of the same coin. The two factors are negatively correlated, and most of their respective attitudinal drivers are quite similar in strength, yet opposite in direction. In addition to self‐interest and conventionally recognised ideational beliefs, such as egalitarianism and individualism, beliefs about welfare deservingness – an explanatory factor that has remained understudied in the field – are particularly influential in shaping people’s welfare preferences. A stronger emphasis on criteria of deservingness such as control, attitude and reciprocity considerably lowers support for social rights and strengthens support for social duties.     

Critical success factors of medical technology supply chains

This paper investigates Critical Success Factors that affect the performance of organizations involved in Medical Technology supply chains (MTSCs) in Germany. The Medical Technology sector in Germany is considered an innovative, fast-growing and promising industry, being third behind the USA and China as the biggest market in the world, worth 29.9 billion euros in 2017. MTSCs in this country are under pressure from health service funding and cheaper imports, primarily from China. Consequently, supply chain success is of high importance and OEM operational improvements are critical. This exploratory study involved a multiple case study approach where 15 OEMs within German MTSCs were investigated. Following within-case and cross-case analysis, empirical results led to the development of testable propositions, which constitute a foundation for further research investigation. The findings show that there are six, prioritized Critical Success Factors for MTSCs that include sales and operations planning, product development process and quality and compliance. These findings challenge existing assumptions about Critical Success Factors within MTSCs, providing practitioners with strategies showing that re-prioritized CSFs should improve the operational performance of OEMs.     

浅议我国养老保险制度的改革与完善

随着人口老龄化的不断加剧,我国养老保险正面临资金缺口、支付危机等严重挑战。进一步扩大养老保险覆盖面,提高基金统筹层次从而增强调剂能力,全面做实个人账户解决隐性债务,推进养老保险基金投资运营以实现保值增值,是应对困境的有效途径。     

新民主主义革命时期毛泽东医疗卫生思想探析

毛泽东医疗卫生思想是毛泽东思想的重要组成部分。新民主主义革命时期,毛泽东高度重视发展医疗卫生工作,确立了"全心全意为人民健康服务""预防为主,开展群众性的爱国卫生运动""中西医结合"的工作方针;强调加强对医疗卫生人才的培养和思想政治道德教育。这些思想在当今仍具有重要的理论借鉴和实践指导意义。     

加强师德建设 助推卓越医生培养

高等医学院校肩负着培养医学人才的重任,卓越医生教育培养计划是顺应医学模式的转变而提出的,以培养一批适应社会需求的高水平医学人才为目标。加强师德建设,对卓越医生的培养意义重大。文章从解决教师后顾之忧、完善师德规范、学习师德模范、促进师德内化等方面提出了加强师德建设的措施与建议。