Does Attitudinal Consensus Lead to Neighborhood Collaboration? An Exploratory Analysis of an Urban Community

This article examines whether high levels of attitudinal consensus on community needs and civic responsibilities among a community's residents are associated with effective collaborative efforts among that community's neighborhood associations. Drawing upon both quantitative and qualitative data from an evaluation of an umbrella organization in an urban community, the authors found only a weak connection between attitudinal consensus, which was strong to moderate on most issues, and effective neighborhood association collaboration. The authors conclude that attitudinal consensus may be a necessary first step toward building effective collaboration but is far from sufficient to foster meaningful and stable partnerships. The authors explore the reasons for the lack of effective collaboration, offer suggestions for addressing barriers to collaboration, and discuss the implications of the findings for community building initiatives that aim to build social capital, particularly across “difference,” in distressed and diverse urban communities.     

以谭元春为首的竟陵派与复社诸子的交游

崇祯年间,谭元春率竟陵派许多成员加入复社,耐人寻味。谭元春在启祯间与复社人士交游主要在四个区域:湖广,除公安派后继者外,友人多身兼竟陵派与复社两种身份;江西,为期两个月的胜游,与复社诸子谈诗论道,结下了深刻友谊;吴越,两度出游,友人皆为谈文之人;京师,四次上京,曾与吴地的复社魁首有过匆匆接触,无深交。梳理谭元春与复社成员的交游情况,有助于了解竟陵派在启祯时的进一步拓展。     

行业协会:搭建政府信用体系建设的有效制度途径

政府信用建设必须基于一定的制度基础。近20年来,行业协会的发展引起了人们的高度重视。制度经济学认为,行业协会是经济治理中一种能节约交易成本的制度性结构,能有效促进政府信用的建设。但在现实生活中,政府对行业协会仍然存在很多信用缺失,政府要实现对工商业界的契约承诺,必须在构建与行业协会的信任关系中发挥主导作用。     

全面认识与合理开发高校校友资源

中国高等教育和高等院校校友会的发展经历了一个漫长的过程,面对中国高等教育目 前资源严重不足、国家不断加大投入、办学经费来源多元化、社会办学和中外合作办学方兴 未艾的形势,全面认识高校校友资源的内涵是至关重要的,文章指出高校要统筹均衡、合理 有序地开发校友资源。     

新时期高校学生社团发展的影响因素

文章基于新时期高校学生社团发展的现状 ,分析了影响高校学生社团生存和发展的因素 ,以及面临的问题     

Measuring the Propensity to Volunteer

As charities are expected to take on more and more of the provision of services to the disadvantaged, they will be calling on volunteers to support that work. The use of volunteers means important cost savings when compared to the use of paid service providers, thus giving one advantage to the voluntary sector when bidding in the mixed economy of welfare. Given the potential for increased use of volunteers, questions of motivation and commitment become very important. Volunteers make up a significant proportion of the human resources used to service social needs, yet previous research has not made it clear why and how volunteers come to give so much of themselves. This research demonstrates that there is an underlying Volunteerism–Activism Attitude which can be measured, and which holds within its four dimensions the key motivations for volunteering. Use of the scale measuring this attitude allows prediction of those people who are most likely (and least likely) to volunteer for charity activity. For charities the scale might provide a useful tool in managing the personnel with whom they are now expected to bid in the quasi-markets of service provision.     

Combining New Institutionalisms: Explaining Institutional Change in American Property Insurance

This article combines institutionalisms to explain fundamental change in American property insurance. During the 1950s, the industry shifted from associations to price-competitive markets and vertically integrated firms. I advance two new arguments to explain this shift: First, institutions endogenously generate conditions for change. Second, fundamental change or institutional replacement depends on a dynamic convergence of conditions—market failures, legitimacy crises, new models of order—and the culmination of this dynamic in politics and policies that admit alternatives into fields. Together, these arguments reduce indeterminacies in existing theories of change and shed new light on punctuated equilibria and the politics of transformation.     

我国地方科技社团发展的现状与对策研究——以重庆市为例

我国科技社团正值发展良机,应不断完善自身建设,在国家创新体系建设及社会管理中发挥更重要的作用。为促进我国地方科技社团的进一步发展,以重庆市为例,通过调研分析了地方科技社团发展中存在的主要问题：外部表现为法律法规不健全,扶持政策不完善,落实不足;内部表现为承接职能不多造成自我造血功能弱,经费收入少制约社团开展活动,专职人员比例低影响社团能力建设,内部治理结构不健全阻碍社团民主办会,会员服务意识不足导致会员规模小,信息化建设落后影响社团管理与服务的效率。鉴于此,从强化战略引导、加大财税支持、推进政府职能转移、加强自身建设四方面提出了相关建议。     

Optimal membership size and the governance of grassroots associations

This paper explores the link between membership size and the governance of grassroots associations. The issue of mission preference heterogeneity is highlighted and its effect on membership size is analyzed by developing a model and conducting a numerical simulation. An important finding is that the degree of heterogeneity of mission preferences in the potential member population has a negative effect on the optimal number of members of the grassroots association. The paper ends with a discussion of the use of governance mechanisms to limit mission drift.     

社会公正和新型公共领域的建构

中国改革开放以来,经济发展导致了社会利益的高度分化。新的社会差异、社会矛盾和社会冲突不断出现。在社会高度分化的条件下,社会团体成为政府和市场之外整合多元社会利益,扩大民众政治参与的重要政治机制,而新型公共领域的建构为社会团体的理性运作提供了有效的指导原则和充分的自治空间,其最终目的是实现社会的公平正义,使经济发展和社会公正并行不悖。