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61.
Manuel A. Rodriguez John Bell Michelle Brown Donna Carter 《Journal of Organizational Behavior Management》2017,37(3-4):301-315
ABSTRACTApplying the science of human factors to eliminate error across all aspects of process design, management, operation, and maintenance has been a focus in the process safety area for many years. Human error has been attributed as a major cause of many high profile catastrophic accidents around the world. These accidents have resulted in national and international attention, which has led to a focus on improving organizational capabilities, systems, and in many cases, governmental regulations around human factors. This article provides a review of the field of human factors highlighting various topics in the literature, and introduces governmental regulatory bodies currently engaging organizations in a scientific approach to human factors. Finally, the need for integrating behavioral science methodologies with human factors is addressed. This is done with specific focus on how Organizational Behavior Management methodologies can work in concert with human factors to optimize process safety. 相似文献
62.
Nicole Gravina Bob Cummins John Austin 《Journal of Organizational Behavior Management》2017,37(3-4):316-331
ABSTRACTA recent prevalence of high visibility catastrophic events has garnered increased attention to process safety issues. While the use of Behavior-Based Safety interventions demonstrate a reduction in workplace injuries by targeting employee behavior, we believe that process safety requires a greater focus on the behavior of leaders (e.g., creating and executing strategy). One effective method to begin targeting leader behavior for the improvement of process safety is to teach leaders about the principles of behavior, including ways by which the science may be applied within their own organizational models. 相似文献
63.
Risk Assessment of Human Listeriosis from Semisoft Cheeses Made from Raw Sheep's Milk in Lazio and Tuscany (Italy)
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Roberto Condoleo Ziad Mezher Selene Marozzi Antonella Guzzon Roberto Fischetti Matteo Senese Stefania Sette Luca Bucchini 《Risk analysis》2017,37(4):661-676
Semisoft cheese made from raw sheep's milk is traditionally and economically important in southern Europe. However, raw milk cheese is also a known vehicle of human listeriosis and contamination of sheep cheese with Listeria monocytogenes has been reported. In the present study, we have developed and applied a quantitative risk assessment model, based on available evidence and challenge testing, to estimate risk of invasive listeriosis due to consumption of an artisanal sheep cheese made with raw milk collected from a single flock in central Italy. In the model, contamination of milk may originate from the farm environment or from mastitic animals, with potential growth of the pathogen in bulk milk and during cheese ripening. Based on the 48‐day challenge test of a local semisoft raw sheep's milk cheese we found limited growth only during the initial phase of ripening (24 hours) and no growth or limited decline during the following ripening period. In our simulation, in the baseline scenario, 2.2% of cheese servings are estimated to have at least 1 colony forming unit (CFU) per gram. Of these, 15.1% would be above the current E.U. limit of 100 CFU/g (5.2% would exceed 1,000 CFU/g). Risk of invasive listeriosis per random serving is estimated in the 10?12 range (mean) for healthy adults, and in the 10?10 range (mean) for vulnerable populations. When small flocks (10–36 animals) are combined with the presence of a sheep with undetected subclinical mastitis, risk of listeriosis increases and such flocks may represent a public health risk. 相似文献
64.
社会安全阀运行与和谐社会构建 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
社会安全阀具有宣泄社会情感、激发制度创新与整合社会结构的重要功能。由于制度化手段的缺失,当代中国社会安全阀机制具有潜制度化特征并在运行中逐渐显现出弊端,已不能适应社会和谐发展的需要。应该引入制度化的手段,用“显社会安全阀”替代“潜社会安全阀”,在经济、法律、政治、社会生活诸领域中实现社会安全阀的制度化运行机制。 相似文献
65.
改善我国食品安全状况的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了现行的食品安全管理体制及弊端,分析了影响食品安全的主要因素,提出了改善食品安全性的措施。 相似文献
66.
67.
信息工具选择和运用直接关系到食品安全风险行政规制的效果.食品安全风险行政规制中信息工具的应用涵盖了信息收集渠道、信息公示平台、安全信息管理以及事后监管机制等.同时,食品安全风险行政规制信息工具存在具有信息来源与收集路径的单一性、信息流通的内部性、信息控制与公布的主体的多重性和相对人权利救济的滞后性等缺陷.为此,需要有针对性地拓展网络信息的收集路径;严格信息流通的责任制度;加强信息工具与其他工具的组合运用;完善风险信息发布的相对人救济机制,并引入预防性诉讼和公益诉讼制度. 相似文献
68.
Kavita Shah Arora 《Journal of gay & lesbian social services》2017,29(1):87-90
ABSTRACTRecently, the FDA announced that it would soon lift the long-standing lifetime ban on blood donation by men who have sex with men (MSM). Reexamining blood donation by MSM, it is clear that there are several ethical goods that must be balanced. Through balancing the primary duty to safety with the imperatives to craft a policy that is formally equal, upholds the public's trust, and is nondiscriminatory, an ethical blood donation deferral guideline may be advanced, both for MSM and the population at large. 相似文献
69.
Tania Fleming Debra K. Creedy Roianne West 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(3):245-252
Background
Cultural safety in higher education learning and teaching environments is paramount to positive educational outcomes for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander (hereafter called First Peoples) students. There is a lack of research evaluating the impact of continuing professional development on midwifery academics' awareness of cultural safety.Aim
To implement and evaluate a continuing professional development intervention to improve midwifery academics' awareness of cultural safety in supporting First Peoples midwifery students success.Methods
A pre-post intervention mixed methods design was used. Academics (n = 13) teaching into a Bachelor of Midwifery program agreed to participate. The intervention consisted of two workshops and five yarning circles across a semester. Data included the Awareness of Cultural Safety Scale, self-assessment on cultural safety and perceptions of racism, evaluation of the intervention, participants’ journal entries, and researcher’s reflections.Findings
Responses on the Awareness of Cultural Safety Scale revealed significant improvement in participants’ awareness of cultural safety. There was an upward trend in self-assessment ratings. Participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the intervention or workshops and yarning circles. Participants’ journal entries revealed themes willingness to participate and learn, confidence as well as anger and distress.Conclusion
Increased awareness of cultural safety can be transformative for midwifery academics. Workshops and yarning circles can support academics in moving beyond a ‘sense of paralysis’ and engage in challenging conversations to transform their learning and teaching and in turn foster a culturally safe learning and teaching environment for First Peoples midwifery students towards success. 相似文献70.
‘You Feel It in Your Body’: How Australian Children and Young People Think about and Experience Feeling and Being Safe
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In 2012, the Australian Government announced the establishment of a Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. The aim of the Royal Commission is to understand how and why sexual abuse occurred within Australian institutions and to provide guidance as to how future abuse might be prevented. The Royal Commission commissioned a mixed methods study to explore what children need to be safe and to feel safe, to explore how they determine their level of safety, and their observations about how institutions act to prevent and respond to safety issues. This article reports on the findings from the first phase of the study that involved focus groups carried out with children aged 4–17 years from different types of institutions. The discussion focused particularly on how children conceptualise safety and how they make judgments about their levels of safety. Children and young people's conceptualisation of safety had multiple dimensions, which include the idea that being safe and feeling safe are two distinct, interrelated but sometimes non‐concurrent experiences; that safety is identified and experienced as a set of feelings; trusting relationships are the foundation of safety; familiarity helps children feel safe; and safe environments are those that are ordered and orderly. 相似文献