Childcare: welfare or investment?

Conley A. Childcare: welfare or investment? Int J Soc Welfare 2010: 19: 173–181 © 2009 The Author, Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd and the International Journal of Social Welfare. Childcare (also called day care or preschool) has generally served three purposes: to care for children while parents are employed; to provide early childhood education; and to cater to the needs of poor and disadvantaged children. This article proposes that the welfare approach to childcare be augmented by a social investment approach to enhance human and social capital investments among low income families and communities and to contribute to wider social development goals. The Head Start program in the United States and the Integrated Child Development Scheme in India are used to illustrate this argument.     

现代远程教育校外学习中心的建设与发展

校外学习中心是试点高校开展现代远程教育的校外学习支持服务机构,承担着试点高校与学生的桥梁和纽带作用,校外学习中心的建设与发展,决定着现代远程教育高等学历教育的信誉和办学质量,乃至现代远程教育的发展。针对目前校外学习中心所存在的主要问题,应加强规范校外学习中心设置,建立健全招生与管理体系,以及加强教学评估体系等方面探求其规范建设的策略。     

世界500强在华设立研发中心的特征及其成因分析

世界500强在华设立研发中心的数量在迅速增加,这与申请中国专利一样都是跨国公司在华竞争战略的一部分,主要取决于跨国公司全球经营战略和中国的区位变量。500强在华跨国研发中心多来自发达国家,在华的区位和行业结构分别与其FDI的区位和行业结构高度相关。在华跨国研发中心以独资方式为主,在跨国公司全球研发体系中的地位不断上升。政府应据此运用政策引导跨国研发资源合理配置,推动国家创新体系的建立和完善。     

0-3 岁托育需求影响因素研究：基于对市场与政府的期望

2016年的全面二孩政策实施效果不及预期,我国的低生育水平难以改善。生育率的高低与生育意愿息息相关,随着三孩政策的出台,幼儿的托育困境作为制约广大群众生育意愿的重要因素亟需得到关注。运用武汉市3岁以下婴幼儿父母问卷调查数据,构建二元Logit模型研究群众因素、市场因素和政府因素与家庭托育需求之间的关系。研究发现:家庭结构、家庭收入、孩子年龄、影响工作程度,母亲受教育程度,托育市场的经济性、便利性和质量以及政府的政策支持会显著影响家庭的托育需求。基于实证结果,提出政策建议:推动托育服务供给主体多元化,促进托育服务规范化发展,发展普惠性公共托育服务,提升托育服务便利性,增强家庭抚育能力。     

新时代民族文化馆传承民族文化的成效、问题及对策

民族文化馆是开展群众民族文化社会教育和传承民族文化的重要场所。通过对湖南XX民族文化馆苗绣培训进行考察,以ABC态度模型进行教育成效分析,发现民族文化馆传承民族文化有较大成效。学员通过培训,在认知方面认为自己提高了苗绣技法,增强了对苗族文化的了解;在情感方面对教学内容、教学方式和组织形式都表示比较满意,以学会苗绣为荣,但也提出了进一步完善的意见;在行为意向方面表现为愿意继续学习、弘扬并传承苗绣。结合观察与问卷调查发现,此次教育活动仍然存在一些问题,如苗绣培训课程内容不完善、教学方式过于传统、馆企合作机制未建立、共享意识未形成等。由此提出以下建议：融入苗族文化,增习苗绣图案;利用多媒体,加强交流与对比;合理安排培训时间,注重成效宣传;加强馆企合作,鼓励创业;搭建共享平台,促进资源共享。     

A qualitative data analysis: family victim advocates in child advocacy centers

ABSTRACT

Family victim advocates in child advocacy centers provide a valuable resource to children and parents involved in child abuse investigations. This work requires that family victim advocates be knowledgeable in such areas as child development, crisis intervention, community resources, family relationships, child welfare and criminal justice systems. Because family victim advocates provide essential services to parents and caregivers, the role requires ongoing training and education to remain current on the ever-changing complexities of working with not only the children and families but also the criminal and child protection systems responsible for investigating these cases. The current study reports the findings from a nationwide survey of family victim advocates employed in child advocacy centers related to their motivation for doing the work as well as their perceptions of their training and potential training needs. A group of doctoral students comprised the research team and worked collaboratively under the supervision of university faculty to conduct the qualitative data analysis. The findings describe the characteristics and motivations of family victim advocates working in child advocacy centers and emphasize the need for more advanced trainings that focus on skill-building and strengths-based practices utilized to support children and parents in child abuse cases.     

Predictors of Secondary Traumatic Stress among Children's Advocacy Center Forensic Interviewers

This study examined various predictor variables that were hypothesized to impact secondary traumatic stress in forensic interviewers (n = 257) from children's advocacy centers across the United States. Data were examined to investigate the relationship between organizational satisfaction, organizational buffers, and job support with secondary traumatic stress using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. The most salient significant result was an inverse relationship between three indicators of job support and secondary traumatic stress. Also significant to secondary traumatic stress were the age of interviewer and whether the forensic interviewer had experienced at least one significant loss in the previous 12 months. Implications for future research, training, program practice, and policy are discussed.     

Patterns and Determinants of Paternal Child Care During a Child's First Three Years of Life

SUMMARY

This paper uses retrospective child care data from the NLSY79 to examine the patterns and determinants of paternal child care during a child's first three years of life. We focus on two-parent families with children whose mothers worked sometime between the child's birth date and the child's third birthday. We find that father care is a fairly stable form of care; the average number of months that father care is used during a year is similar to the duration of other forms of child care. In addition, we find that paternal care is often used in conjunction with other types of child care. We further find that different characteristics predict paternal child care according to the timing and extent of care. For those fathers who are the exclusive providers of child care during the first year of a child's life, the incidence of paternal child care is associated with race or ethnicity and a mother's identification with nontraditional gender roles. In contrast, for those fathers who provide some of total child care during the first three years of a child's life, the incidence of paternal child care is more highly associated with the flexibility of a mother's and father's work schedule.     

Relationship Marketing and Service Quality

Abstract

The delivery of services in college health centers is improved through the use of relationship marketing and service quality advancement. Relationship marketing works to attract, maintain, and enhance customer or client relationships with the healthcare provider. The facets of relationship marketing are explored, with the greatest emphasis placed on internal marketing. Higher quality health services come from continuous improvement, a focus on process, and intensive staff development and participation, which build a service culture.