大学生网络成瘾的原因及干预

介绍大学生网络成瘾的现状、危害及类型;揭示了大学生网络成瘾主要来自于抑郁的人格特质、不健康的应对方式、不和谐的家庭环境、存在人际交往障碍、逃避不够理想的现实、周围环境的不良影响等方面;并提出了一些相应的干预措施。     

震后早期心理辅导探讨

5·12汶川大地震后,心理援助的重要性受到前所未有的关注.震后人们会出现不同程度的心理应激反应,相当比例的人会出现心理应激障碍.针对这些问题应进行适当的早期心理辅导.早期心理辅导应以创伤后危机干预为思路,以缓解应激障碍相关症状、预防创伤后危机障碍的发生为主要目标,采取心理急救、严重事件应激晤谈、认知行为疗法等方法进行治疗.另外,从这些方法中可归纳出共同的、可用于早期心理辅导的原则:支持性原则、正常化原则、重视社会支持原则、个性化原则等.     

辩证行为疗法治疗边缘人格障碍案例分析

辩证行为疗法(dialectical behavior therapy,DBT)是在传统认知行为疗法基础上发展而来的一种新型认知行为心理治疗方法,由美国华盛顿州立大学教授玛莎.莱恩汉(Mar-sha MLinehan)博士于20世纪90年代初创立,它以辩证法的基本原则为理论基础,强调病患与治疗师之间,理性与感性之间,接受与改变之间的辩证训练和策略的应用。该疗法的治疗策略主要包括辩证法策略、合理化认同策略和啦啦队鼓励策略等,辩证法的策略贯穿于整个治疗过程。文章以一边缘人格障碍患者为例,具体说明辩证行为治疗策略的应用。     

The Making of Multiple Personality Disorder: A Social Constructionist View

This article explores the social construction of multiple personality disorder by analyzing professional agreements about the nature of the diagnosis, while locating these within their historical and cultural context. First, a historical review of the disorder traces various overlapping streams of discourse that have shaped the construction of the diagnosis. This is followed by a cross-cultural comparison of MPD and dissociative phenomena in several non-Western societies. The article concludes with some reflections on the cultural meanings of MPD in contemporary America.     

‘How dare you pretend to be disabled?’ The discounting of transabled people and their claims in disability movements and studies

Although the contours of the ‘disabled person’ category are questioned by anti-ableist activists, they remain rigid regarding transabled people (who want to become disabled). For anti-ableist activists, transabled people do not count as disabled. They are perceived to: be falsely disabled; steal resources from disabled people; and be disrespectful by denying, fetishizing, or appropriating marginalized realities. By combining critical discourse analysis, genealogy, and deconstruction, I examine these negative discourses to encourage alliances between anti-ableist activists and transabled people. Ideas developed in disability and trans studies reveal the limits of these discourses anchored in ableist and cisnormative* assumptions.     

方言中的同素逆序词分析

方言中也有不少双音词和共同语双音词的词素逆序,方言中的同素逆序词大多数传承了古汉语同素逆序词中的一序(BA),而普通话说另一序(AB),或者古汉语两序均保留在方言中,普通话用其中一序;有少数是方言颠倒普通话的说法。由于语言习惯、方言体系以及其他方面的差别,南北各方言对同素逆序词选择和保留的标准并不一致。     

Book Reviews

No abstract available for this article.     

Perineal Neurophysiological Assessment in 23 Patients Suffering from Persistent Genital Arousal Disorders: Evidence of Pudendal Neuropathy?

ABSTRACT

Objectives: Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is a rare condition. Our aim was to study whether or not the pudendal nerve is involved in PGAD, by means of electromyographic (EMG) testing. Methods: Twenty-three women who fulfilled the five criteria of PGAD were included in this study. After an in-depth interview and routine investigations, a perineal EMG assessment was performed. Concentric needle electromyography (EMG) testing with motor unit potential analysis of the pelvic floor muscles (bulbocavernosus muscle and striated external anal sphincter), study of the sacral reflex latency (SRL), and measurement of pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (PNTML) were performed. Results: Perineal ENMG demonstrated neurogenic changes in 14 (60.8%) of the patients. Denervation was found in all 14 patients with abnormal electrophysiological findings. Among them, 12 (85.7%) had altered PTNML and/or SRL. PTNML was delayed on the anal branch in 9 out of 14 (bilateral in 5 cases) and on the perineal branch in 9 out of 14 (bilateral in 6 cases). Conclusions: This study shows that pudendal neuropathy is frequent among women suffering from PGAD. However, due to the lack of a control group, involvement of pudendal neuropathy in the pathogenesis of PGAD remains unclear.     

米氮平治疗广泛性焦虑症的临床观察

目的探讨米氮平治疗广泛性焦虑症(GAD)的临床疗效及安全性。方法共85例广泛性焦虑症患者入组,米氮平治疗46例,对照观察组39例,共观察8周,使用HAMA判断疗效,并记录不良反应。结果74例完成研究(米氮平41例,对照组33例)。研究终点,米氮平组HAMA减分平均为12.5±5.8,对照组减分平均为7.7±6.5,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.35,P(0.01);米氮平治疗后14天及其后各随访点HAMA减分与观察组比较差异均有统计学意义;米氮平治疗GAD的有效率71%,显著优于观察组(39%)(2χ=7.32,P<0.01);米氮平的主要不良反应为体重增加、食欲增强、嗜睡及头晕。结论米氮平治疗GAD有效,依从性高,不良反应不多见,可作为临床治疗GAD的一种选择。     

教育失序问题的文化救治（下）

教育发展、人的自由而全面发展与教育秩序的矛盾，是人们在现代社会生活中所必然遇到的一个基本问题。这在教育的现代转型中表现得尤为明显。虽然解答这一问题的根本思路是加强教育制度建设，但由于文化有其特殊的公共性，因而也是解答现代社会教育发展、人的自由而全面发展与教育秩序问题的一条重要理路。在现代教育制度的架构下，通过帮助人们获得公共价值观、起码共识和基本共同感，文化构成现代社会教育发展、人的自由而全面发展不可或缺的重要机制。