大学生的临终关怀意识与死亡态度

我国的临终关怀事业正在起步阶段,民众的临终关怀意识有待提升。基于问卷调查,探讨大学生的临终关怀意识及其与死亡态度和生活满意度之间的关系,结果显示,大学生临终关怀意识水平不高,89.6%的大学生不知道临终关怀如何实施;68.3%的大学生处于不镇定的死亡态度;病情告知、继续治疗、临终关怀认知、临终关怀接纳、死亡态度和生活满意度之间存在复杂的相关关系。Logistic回归分析提示,性别、是否配合家人假装不知道自己的病情以及生活满意度对死亡态度得分有较为显著的预测性。引导大学生参与临终关怀志愿活动,广泛开展科普宣传活动,可有效提升大学生的临终关怀意识,这对我国临终关怀事业的健康发展具有重要意义。     

从村民自治中透视转型期中国农村的公民权建设——以定县村民自治的权利调查为基础

本文采用在定县农村进行问卷调查取得实证资料的基础上,通过定量分析与定性分析相结合的方式,从法社会学的视角对村民自治中农村公民应然权利与实然权利之间的落差及对中国农村的公民权建设的剖析,揭示中国农村公民权的现状与存在的一些问题及其对中国未来发展的影响,探索中国未来农村公民权建设的模式与方案。     

Leader-member exchange as a linking pin in the idiosyncratic deals - Performance relationship in workgroups

In the current investigation, idiosyncratic deals (i-deals; individualized work arrangements) are modeled as differentiated resources that shape leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships in workgroups. We integrate literature on leader-member exchange (LMX) with research on i-deals to argue that employee evaluations of i-deals received from the grantor –typically the leader- enhance employee perceptions of LMX, which in turn become instrumental in generating positive performance outcomes. Furthermore, because workgroup characteristics have potential implications on the relationship between a deal grantor and the deal recipient, drawing upon social identity theory of leadership, we reason that the i-deals-LMX relationship is affected by the overall value congruence among the group members. Cross-level moderated mediation analyses on multi source data obtained from 289 employees nested in 60 workgroups showed that the mediational role of LMX in the i-deals to performance outcomes relationship was weaker in high value congruence groups.     

The servant leadership advantage: When perceiving low differentiation in leader-member relationship quality influences team cohesion,team task performance and service OCB

How does servant leaders' unique ability to place each follower's needs above their own influence relationships between followers and impact their collective performance? In a study that integrates principles of servant leadership with the social comparison theoretical framework, we tested a group-level model to examine how servant leadership induces low perceived differentiation in leader-member relationship quality (perceived LMX differentiation) within a group, which strengthens team cohesion and in turn positively influences team task performance and service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (service OCB). Our sample comprised 229 employees nested in 67 work teams. Structural equation modeling results indicate that servant leadership significantly predicts low perceived LMX differentiation; perceived LMX differentiation is strongly related to team cohesion such that the lower the perceived differentiation, the stronger the team's cohesiveness. And, team cohesion is also strongly related to both the team's task performance and service OCB. Perceived LMX differentiation and team cohesion mediate the effect of servant leadership on both team task performance and service OCB.     

薇拉·凯瑟拓荒小说之于生态环境的观照

美国女作家薇拉·凯瑟的<啊,拓荒者>和<我的安东妮亚>两部作品出版于美国第一次环境保护运动期间,都是以19世纪末20世纪初内布拉斯加平原为背景,展现了美国拓荒时代人类对土地那种开拓、认同、融合的关系,传达出了朦胧的自然环境保护意识.     

祖先崇拜与人类主体地位的觉醒——以《诗经》为中心的考察

《诗经·商颂》与《诗经·大雅》中带有史诗因素的祭祀祖先的诗歌,集中体现了商、周部族对自己始祖的歌颂,以及对人类自身价值的发现和尊重,反映了这一时期人们主体意识的进一步提高——由自然主体转变为社会主体,有了明确的"类"意识。但这种意识是是群体的,因为,这时的个人还没有能力离开集体独立生存,也就不可能产生个体意识。     

必须注重民众生态文明意识的培养

培养民众生态文明意识是生态文明建设的根本所在,它既是建设生态文明的根本目标,也是推进生态文明的重要途径,还是实现生态文明的基本保证。培养民众生态文明意识就是要提高民众生态文明的认识水平,培养民众生态文明的特有情感,养成民众生态文明的良好行为。为此,应着力推行生态文明的现代理念,积极树立生态文明的先进典型,努力开展生态文明的实践运动,加快建设生态文明的相关法规等,尤其要大力强化与发挥各级政府在生态文明建设中的领导作用。     

新生代农民工市民化问题的社会学分析

随着改革开放的不断深入,新生代农民工开始在城市化建设中发挥着日益重要的作用。从新生代农民工群体所具有的特征、市民化的表现以及在由农民向市民转变过程中所遇到的障碍等方面对新生代农民工市民化问题作以初步的探讨。     

论小学英语师资愉快教育理念的培养

自“快乐教育”的理念提出后,受到了各国教育界的广泛关注,我国也提出了要从应试教育向素质教育转变的发展战略;随着经济的全球化,教育也要面向国际化。教育部规定,把小学开设英语课程作为21世纪基础教育课程改革的重要内容,教师只有对小学生的特征,小学生英语教学的特征和规律有清楚的认识,树立愉快教育的理念,才能保证这一目标的更好实现。     

提高学生生物科学素养的思考

科学素养是一个现代人基本素养的一部分,也是科学教育的重要目标.作为科学素养的一部分,生物科学素养必然成为生物学教学的基本目标.本文从生物学教学的角度深入地思考了提高学生生物科学素养的六种方式.倡导探究教学;贯穿生命科学史的教学;改革生物实验教学;教学中渗透STS教育;提倡生物与其他学科的交叉与渗透;切实开展研究性学习.