“创意社群”：我国城市发展的新动力

我国文化创意产业正在成为一项热门行业，对城市经济、社会和文化的发展影响巨大。在今后几年，我国的“创意阶层”将会逐步壮大，形成城市中的“创意社群”，并将透过创造力和对文化艺术生活的要求，确认文化艺术在促进经济社会发展中扮演的重要角色，建立起能充分利用文化、艺术、商业以及社区之间的重要联系。“创意社群”将会不断为城市的发展提供强大的推动力。为我们城市的总体规划和发展模式提供新的思路。     

关于一个恒等式

给出Δu的一个新的表示式     

浅谈高校班主任的素质能力和工作方法

根据高校班主任的工作实践,结合自身的认识和体会,分析了作为一个合格的高校班     

‘Heroes and Matriarchs’: Working‐Class Femininities,Violence and Door Supervision Work

Door supervision work is traditionally seen as a working‐class, male‐dominated trade. In addition, it is deemed to be one that is physically risky, where violence is seen as a ‘tool of the trade’ and where ‘bodily capital’ and ‘fighting ability’ are paramount to the competent performance of the job. This paper is a timely analysis on the manner in which the increasing numbers of women who work in door supervision negotiate their occupational identity and construct their work practices. The analysis focused on the way in which discursive constructions of both violence and workplace identities are variably taken up, reworked and resisted through the intersection of gender and class. This resulted in the identification of two main discourses; ‘playing the hero’ and the ‘hard matriarch’. These findings allow us to theorize that multiple, gendered and classed occupational identities exist beyond normative expectations and can be seen to be both emancipatory for working women, while simultaneously bolstering exploitation, workplace harassment and violent practices.     

The social class of Catholics in Scotland

The social status of people brought up as Catholics in Scotland, as measured by their occupational class, is analysed by using cross-sectional survey data gathered in 1997. The main finding is that Catholics have probably risen in social status to a greater extent than non-Catholics. The experience of Scottish Catholics seems to be distinctive, because no such patterns are found for England, and indeed in this respect Scottish Catholics more closely resemble members of non-Christian religions in England than they do English Catholics. The most likely explanation is the particular role which state-funded Catholic schools have played in Scotland, especially the system of comprehensive secondary schools that was set up after 1965. However, the analysis is suggestive rather than definitive and needs to be replicated on cohort data with larger sample sizes.     

乡土世界中的女性悲歌——萧红小说中底层女性的生存悲剧

崛起于30年代的萧红就像一颗灿烂耀眼的新星在中国现代文坛上大放异彩。在她的文学创作中，是从女性的生育苦难和爱情、婚姻悲剧三方面来展现北方农村底层妇女的生存悲剧，从而阐释出女性在男权话语系统下的卑下地位。而这种别具风格的叙说方式与萧红自身的生命体验有着极其密切的联系。     

休闲价值观与世界一流大学

广义的休闲价值观是指休闲本身的价值、休闲对个体生命的意义，尤其指休闲与工作之间的辩证关系。世界一流大学是具有世界一流师资并拥有自由精神等特征的大学。休闲与学校的关系源远流长，在古希腊时期，休闲是人生的重要目的，也是教育的目的，休闲与学校有着密切联系。随着社会发展和历史变迁，休闲的价值和地位也经过了曲折起伏的过程，休闲与学校的关系也需要重新梳理。近代休闲具备的自由、社会交往和创造性等特征仍使之与学校特别是世界一流大学有密切关系，休闲理念和价值观也对世界一流大学建设具有重要的积极意义。     

Understanding the socio-economic distribution of multiple deprivation: An application of self-organising maps

In this paper we seek to contribute to recent efforts to develop and implement multi-dimensional approaches to social exclusion by applying self-organising maps (SOMs) to a set of material deprivation indicators from the Irish component of EU-SILC. The first stage of our analysis involves the identification of sixteen clusters that confirm the multi-dimensional nature of deprivation in contemporary Ireland and the limitations of focusing solely on income. In going beyond this mapping stage, we consider both patterns of socio-economic differentiation in relation to cluster membership and the extent to which such membership contributes to our understanding of economic stress. Our analysis makes clear the continuing importance of traditional forms of stratification relating to factors such as income, social class and housing tenure in accounting for patterns of multiple deprivation. However, it also confirms the role of acute life events and life cycle and location influences. Most importantly, it demonstrates that conclusions relating to the relative impact of different kinds of socio-economic influences are highly dependent on the form of deprivation being considered. Our analysis suggests that debates relating to the extent to which poverty and social exclusion have become individualized should take particular care to distinguish between different kinds of outcomes. Further analysis demonstrates that the SOM approach is considerably more successful than a comparable latent class analysis in identifying those exposed to subjective economic stress.     

Income Comparison as a Determining Mechanism of Class Identification: A Quantitative and Simulation Study Using Japanese Survey Data

This paper questions whether personal income comparison explains the distributive gap between income and class identification by exploring the following two issues: empirical validity of income comparison as the determinant of class identification, and theoretical validity of income comparison for the distributive gap. For the first issue, we conduct a statistical analysis using data from the Social Stratification and Social Mobility surveys (1975–2005), and the Stratification and Social Psychology-I survey (2010). We find that the criteria for choosing reference groups changed historically from residential proximity to occupational equality. In addition, income comparison with sensitive to lower-income possessors and a distorted perception of income difference significantly affected class identification, except for the year of 1985. The simulation analysis employed to examine the second issue clarified that income comparison with the above-mentioned features yields a less skewed distribution compared to that of class identification. The data also indicates that the empirical conditions of income are satisfied for realization of this result. Thus, we could ascertain empirical and theoretical validity of income comparison as explanation for the distributive gap between income and class identification.     

士族门阀政治与九品中正制

士族集团形成于东汉 ,并于东汉后期作为第三种政治力量登上了历史舞台 ;庶族阶层的代表曹操终其一生对士族豪强实行抑制与打击的政策 ,但迫于形势 ,又不得不同时实行拉拢政策。正是由于曹氏集团对士族集团的拉拢与妥协 ,九品中正制得以创设 ,从而 ,为士族门阀制度的确立铺平了道路。