改革开放以来中国知识分子的社会流动和阶层结构

改革开放以来,中国知识分子的社会流动广泛而迅猛,主要从劳动生产率较低和经济效益较差的地区、行业和单位,流向劳动生产率较高和经济效益较好的地区、行业和单位.到目前为止,知识分子阶层主要由专业型知识分子、公务员型知识分子、经理型知识分子、业主型知识分子、中介型知识分子、自由职业型知识分子、个体户型知识分子等七个群体构成.改革开放以来知识分子社会流动的发展和阶层结构的变化,对中国的经济发展和社会进步产生了重大而深远的影响.我们需要采取切实的措施,趋利避害,使知识分子的社会流动和阶层结构变化更好地为实现社会主义现代化服务.     

浅谈素质教育下的班主任工作

学校素质教育,班主任工作起着重要的作用。要让班主任充分发挥他们在素质教育中的作用,就必须加快班主任工作的改革;加强班主任自身素质的提高;加强班主任工作的管理;改进班主任的工作方法。     

汉英文化差异在历史传统词语上的反映

本文从汉英文化差异的角度出发 ,把历史传统分为风俗习惯、阶层性别和宗教神话三个主要方面 ,以例证的方式 ,阐述汉英文化之间的差异在相应的历史传统词语上直接或间接的反映 ,进而认为 ,历史传统词语对这种差异反映得尤其深刻突出 ,值得特别研究。     

勃朗特三姐妹作品中灵魂伴侣的情感生存空间

勃朗特三姐妹的代表作品中刻画了三位灵魂伴侣,他们的情感生存空间受到了物质层面、道德层面和精神层面的约束。在物质层面,19世纪的英国阶级观念仍非常强烈,两性结成伴侣不仅要有一定的经济基础,而且更注重双方的门当户对,门第差距是贵族和中产阶级都无法接受的。由于这一时期缺少健全的婚姻法律,因此崇尚道德风尚的维多利亚人用道德来约束人们选择伴侣,缔结婚姻都必须符合道德要求,否则就会受到相应的惩罚。另外,虽然这一时期伴侣的权力地位关系不平等,但是每个阶层都存在像三对灵魂伴侣那样能够做到灵魂交流、心灵相通、感情深厚、婚姻生活幸福的夫妻。可以看出,勃朗特三姐妹在维多利亚早期对婚姻推崇门当户对,强调婚姻圣洁,同时重视伴侣之间的爱与尊重。     

Stochastic Aging Classes for the Maximum Statistic from Friday and Patil Bivariate Exponential Distribution Family

Friday and Patil bivariate exponential (FPBVE) distribution family is one of the most flexible bivariate exponential distributions in the literature; among others, it contains the bivariate exponential models due to Freund, Marshall–Olkin, Block–Basu, and Proschan–Sullo as particular cases. In this article, we discuss the stochastic aging of the maximum statistic from FPBVE model in according to the log-concavity of its density function, i.e., in the increasing or decreasing likelihood ratio classes (ILR or DLR), and consequently in the IFR and DFR classes. Furthermore, a kind of DFR distributions which are not DLR is derived from our classification.     

Identifying Preferences for Conditional Cooperation Using Individual Beliefs

The relationship between contributions and elicited beliefs in a repeated two-person public good experiment is modeled with the help of a parsimounious random-utility function that allows for conditionally cooperative, opportunistic, and altruistic patterns of behavior. Under standard assumptions, a latent-class mixed logit specification with three sub-populations is shown to capture well heterogeneity in individual contribution levels over time, while also accomodating for different degrees of heteroscedasticity. The estimation results are consistent with the conjecture that the majority of players in public goods games are strongly conditional cooperators, with smaller fractions of the population leaning to opportunistic or altruistic behavior.     

Functions of Concordance and Dependence with Related Measures

Some functions that serve as building blocks for construction of a wider range of modes of concordance and dependence are pointed. We probe into interplays of such modes. From the standpoint of their conformity to stochastic dominance ordering of distributions within a Fréchet class, all such derived modes display some parallelism under certain conditions. We finally suggest a novel numeric measure of dependence that covers similar existing measures in literature.     

Binomial Mixture Modeling of University Credits

The paper reviews finite mixture models for binomial counts with concomitant variables. These models are well known in theory, but they are rarely applied. We use a binomial finite mixture to model the number of credits gained by freshmen during the first year at the School of Economics of the University of Florence. The finite mixture approach allows us to appropriately account for the large number of zeroes and the multimodality of the observed distribution. Moreover, we rely on a concomitant variable specification to investigate the role of student background characteristics and of a compulsory pre-enrollment test in predicting gained credits. In the paper, we deal with model selection, including the choice of the number of components, and we devise numerical and graphical summaries of the model results in order to exploit the information content of the concomitant variable specification. The main finding is that the introduction of the pre-enrollment test gives additional information for student tutoring, even if the predictive power is modest.     

Superiority of the r-k class estimator over some estimators in a misspecified linear model

ABSTRACT

In this article, we discuss the superiority of r-k class estimator over some estimators in a misspecified linear model. We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the superiority of the r-k class estimator over each of these estimators under the Mahalanobis loss function by the average loss criterion in the misspecified linear model.