The shadow dance of political climate: Engagement in political behavior in local government authorities

In describing the processes of organizations as political acts, we are not making a moral judgment; we simply are making an observation about a process. Bacharach and Lawler, 1980, p. 2.This study focuses on the ways a perceived political climate influences engagement in political behavior during a national election period. By using social cognitive theory as a way to predict behavior in organizations, we study how managers' engagement in political behavior is shaped. A qualitative research methodology was used. Sixteen interviews with managers were conducted in various local authorities during the 2015 election campaign for Israel's parliament. Participants perceived an intensification of political climate during the pre-election period, which they attributed to a significant connection between electoral and intraorganizational politics. Additionally, a perceived organizational political climate intensifies engagement in a range of political behaviors throughout an organization and is connected with an administrative role. The findings suggest that managers use “political capital” that the election period provides to influence and manipulate their organization's future and their own.     

转变教育观念 培养新世纪人才——重庆大学实施学分制的思想基础

分析社会主义市场经济条件下高等教育人才培养目标和方式调整改革的必要性;着重阐述改革的关键在于转变三种教育观念。     

Quantifying urban forest structure,function, and value: the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project

This paper is a review of research in Chicago that linked analyses of vegetation structure with forest functions and values. During 1991, the regions trees removed an estimated 5575 metric tons of air pollutants, providing air cleansing worth 9.2 million. Each year they sequester an estimated 315 800 metric tons of carbon. Increasing tree cover 10% or planting about three trees per building lot saves annual heating and cooling costs by an estimated 50 to 90 per dwelling unit because of increased shade, lower summertime air temperatures, and reduced neighborhood wind speeds once the trees mature. The net present value of the services trees provide is estimated as 402 per planted tree. The present value of long-term benefits is more than twice the present value of costs.     

新诗流变文化动力的成功探索--《大西南文化与新时期诗歌》的理论视角与运用

大西南诗人的活动,成为新时期中国大陆新诗流变的先兆,中国新时期诗歌运动最真实的缩影.这个史实显示大西南的区域文化具有某种特别的影响本地区诗人的文化动力.<大西南文化与新时期诗歌>有关区域文化性格理论视角的合理选择及其成功运用,对新时期中国新诗流变区域文化动力的成功探索,成为这本专著最让人珍视的学术收获.     

全球化时代意识形态的变革与建构

在全球化的背景下,意识形态领域出现了错综复杂的局面。从广义的意识形态来讲,意识形态面临着经济全球化、全球性问题以及外来文化的冲击;从狭义的意识形态来讲,西方国家将文化扩张、政治力量、经济力量与意识形态渗透相结合。我们需要大力发展经济,增强我国的综合国力,坚持马克思主义的主导地位,正确引导价值取向,保持政治和社会的稳定,加强党的建设,正确对待意识形态在国家利益中的作用。     

Patterns of development in early empathic behavior: Environmental and child constitutional influences

The second year of life is a period of developmental change and instability in empathic expressions. In this study, we identify specific developmental patterns of global empathy during the second year and investigate maternal style, family environment, and temperamental factors as moderator influences on these patterns of development. The sample consists of 158 children selected from twin pairs whose empathic development had been previously studied at 14 and 20 months of age. Planned comparisons within specific groups (initially high, mid-range, or low empathy) tested the difference between children who changed versus those who remained stable. Maternal style, family climate, and child temperament variables significantly differentiated children among different patterns of development. Child gender was an additional moderator of family influences on development among those children whose empathic responses were initially low. These findings suggest the importance of distinguishing patterns of development based on where in the range of behaviors development is tracked.     

Organizational climate and burnout in a New Zealand social service agency

A two-phase study was conducted on the relationship between organizational climate variables and burnout among personnel in a multifunction community service agency. Initial interviews with a small pilot sample identified major sources of stress, which were then incorporated into a second-phase questionnaire to all staff. Multiple regression analyses illustrated that perceived interactions between head office administrators and sections of the agency contributed significantly to emotional exhaustion, whereas perceptions of within-section interactions and involvement in decision-making had a positive impact on personal accomplishment. Perceived communication levels, however, were negatively related to personal accomplishment. The findings suggest the importance of organizational variables and highlight strategies for burnout reduction and effective stress management in human service organizations.     

域外国家应对气候变化地方立法实践及中国借鉴

在应对气候变化问题上,国际社会逐渐由政策行动向立法路径转变。中国作为世界最大的温室气体排放国,进行专门立法是提高国家应对气候变化能力的重要举措。在实施路径上,可以考虑首先推动我国地方省市应对气候变化立法先行先试,在借鉴美国、澳大利亚等发达国家地方立法经验的基础上,我国各省市可以根据地方实际,率先进行综合型、减缓型或适应型应对气候变化立法模式选择,确立总体立法框架和监管体制,并进行专项制度与保障机制设计。     

创新互动框架下组织领地氛围对利用性技术创新的影响:一个被调节的中介模型

利用性技术创新是企业把已有的知识、技术和市场转化为商业价值的手段,能够塑造企业的竞争优势。本研究基于创新的互动观点和领地性理论探讨了组织领地氛围对企业利用性技术创新的影响,并识别出其发挥作用的中介机制和边界条件,由此构建出包括组织氛围(领地氛围)、组织结构(控制导向的HRM系统)和各部门主体(跨部门协调)在内的整合模型。本文以146家企业的2113名成员为样本,收集了多源数据,结果发现组织的领地氛围作为约束组织成员行为的"软"的要素会降低跨部门协调进而不利于利用性技术创新的实现。进一步,控制导向的HRM系统作为组织的结构性要素,是约束组织成员行为的"硬"的要素,能够通过调节跨部门协调与利用性技术创新之间的关系来缓冲领地氛围对利用性技术创新的消极的间接效应。研究结果对领地性理论、技术创新和HRM系统研究具有重要的理论意义。     

Towards climate justice: How do the most vulnerable weigh environment–economy trade-offs?

The world’s poor are especially vulnerable to environmental disasters, including the adverse consequences of climate change. This creates a challenge for climate justice advocates who seek to ensure that those least responsible for causing climate change do not bear unwanted burdens of mitigation. One way to promote climate justice could be to pay particular attention to the environmental policy preferences of citizens from poorer, lower-emitting countries. This paper examines opinions on environment–economy trade-offs and willingness to make personal financial contributions to protect the environment among residents of 42 developed and developing countries using data from the 2005–2008 World Values Survey, the 2010 Climate Risk Index, and World Bank development indicators. Results reveal that individuals in developing countries are less likely to support policies to prioritize environmental protection over economic growth but are more willing to donate personal income for pro-environmental efforts compared to citizens of more developed nations.