科学与人文整合的一种模式

遵循整体观和相对性理念，在“认知思维模式”基础上，提出了一种无学科界面、自然融合型的科学与人文整合模式，从根本上解决了科学与人文长期以来的分割与对立的局面。并依据该模式提出了“‘组织结构’决定‘性能＇”法则、“更大层次系统对系统制约的第一性”的“伦理”法则、“子系统之间和谐共存”法则等思想将引导人类走上“天人合一”的和谐永续的文明道路。     

浅谈《战国策》的论理技巧与语言艺术

《战国策》为文铺排渲染,辩丽恣肆,陈说事理纵横捭阖,体情状物酣畅淋漓,堪称先秦史家之文中的出类拔萃之作。在论理技巧方面,《战国策》的文章大都善于分析形势,指陈利害,好设机巧,引人入彀,诱敌就范,进退有据,擒纵自如,具有极强的说服力和感染力。就语言而论,《战国策》之文大都放言无惮,绝少掩饰,文辞铺张扬厉,气势恢宏,且又精炼传神,形象生动,富于华彩,其语言艺术的精熟富丽,也大大超过了先秦其它几部历史散文。     

Complex belief-desire reasoning in children

Previous research concerned with children's belief-desire psychology has examined the capacity to predict or interpret action on the basis of the implicit proposition that ‘when an actor desires a particular end and believes that a particular action will achieve that end, he or she will undertake that action’. The limitations of this formulation for understanding acts of omission are outlined and an elaborated version of belief-desire psychology introduced. This version holds that ‘when an actor desires a particular end and believes that a particular action will achieve that end, and when it is believed that there are no co-occurring outcomes of that action whose avoidance is desired more highly than is the originally conceived end, then the actor will undertake the action which will satisfy the original desire’. An experiment is reported which examines 4-, 5, and 7-year-olds' ability to predict story characters' actions on the basis of either their true or false beliefs concerning undesirable outcomes associated with the pursuit of a desired end. Children of all age-groups provided evidence of understanding the elaborated version of belief-desire psychology. However, a significant improvement was noted between the ages of 4 and 7 years in the ability to understand circumstances involving false beliefs.     

阅读测验中认知与元认知策略研究

语言知识、策略能力和情绪等心理和社会特征在语言使用中交互作用,并对语言沟通能力产生影响。文章采用定量与定性方法对其预测性及内部关联加以实证。研究发现二者关联度很强,元认知策略对绩效预测力显著强于认知策略。认知与元认知策略呈现相互嵌套模式,相同加工行动在不同情境中由于履行功能差异而转换角色。     

Fit and Skill in Employee Selection: Insights from a Study of Headhunters

We draw upon evidence from a qualitative study of headhunters to provide insights into the character and importance of candidate fit and skill for the selection of a broad range of white-collar employees. Headhunters suggest that the fit of a job candidate is assessed at two levels, one corresponding with a general compatibility with organization-level norms, culture, and strategy, the other corresponding more closely with traits and characteristics of the person or persons with whom the job candidate actually interviews. Skill—a factor which is largely neglected by those who tout the importance of fit—also plays an important and independent role in employee selection. Stalls that influence the selection of employees from a pool of candidates tend to be highly specific if not idiosyncratic, and take the form of what headhunters call hot buttons. We conclude by discussing the conceptualization, causes, and implications of fit; we also consider how the importance of fit and hot buttons challenges the explanatory logic of standard accounts of labor-market success.     

On the effectiveness of cognitive feedback from an interface agent

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of task information (TI) provided by an interface agent during the idea evaluation and integration step of the problem formulation stage of the problem solving process. The effectiveness assessment was based on solving diagnostic decision problems in the domain of complex industrial machinery. Ten domain experts participated in this study. Decision support was provided by a case-based reasoning system. Findings suggest that TI provided by the interface agent had no effect on the decision maker's performance, nor on the associated cognitive effort. However, a verbal protocol analysis revealed that the ten subjects used the interface agent to verify their decision processes. The results and their implications are discussed with respect to current findings in the area of decision support systems.     

制造企业服务业务扩展及其认知因素研究

制造企业的竞争越来越激烈,几乎所有的企业都要面对快速反应多变市场和应对价格压力的要求,面对越来越小的产品利润空间和越来越复杂的客户需求,本文从对工业服务管理文献分析和制造企业的调查研究入手,揭示了制造企业从纯粹的产品生产者向客户支持方案提供者发展的转移趋势.通过对瑞士和德国30多家机器和设备制造企业进行的调查研究,说明了服务业务对制造企业在开发财务、营销和战略机会上的重要作用,并对转移过程中服务业务的扩展过程进行了总结.结合具体企业实践,本文对制约制造企业扩展服务业务中在管理动机上的认知因素进行了分析和研究.结合中国加入WTO后,中国制造企业将全面融入国际竞争的背景,本文期望对中国制造企业的发展和竞争地位的提高提供理论和实践上的指导.     

品牌基础问题研究评述

品牌问题一直是国际营销学术界的研究热点领域。对文献总结发现,在品牌基础问题的理论和方法研究中,主要集中在品牌认识、品牌选择和品牌发展3个方面。国内外研究者从不同的理论出发运用不同方法解释了品牌的认识、选择和发展,主要是分别从消费者和企业2个角度来分析和探讨品牌问题,但是缺乏二者之间互动关系的研究,使得品牌基础问题的研究不能为企业品牌创建、品牌战略和品牌延伸提供合理建议。     

管理技能的因子分析及其对绩效影响的实证研究

本文以在沪三资企业中12家电子制造企业管理人员的有效问卷271份为第一手资料,用因子分析等方法分析了构成这些人员管理技能的四大要素为:领导与激励技能、计划组织与协调技能、决策与创新技能、控制与授权技能;研究的结果表明,并非每项管理技能对提升企业的绩效都起同样的作用。不同绩效企业的管理者对各种管理技能的运用程度是有所不同的。     

江苏省综合性医院临床医生对新医改认知研究

为了解江苏省综合性医院临床医生对新医改现状的看法,评价新医改在江苏省内的实施进展和效果,该研究选取了新医改部分重点问题,采用自设计问卷,调查江苏省内7家三级综合性医院和7家二级综合性医院临床医生,运用描述性分析和卡方检验辅助分析研究结果。发现66.5%的医生更希望政府医改经费投入能侧重于医务人员劳动收入;对家庭医生签约服务的认知度及成效评价低于分级诊疗及医联体建设;认为医患关系和看病难、看病贵问题略有改善的医生分别占20.3%、24.9%、27.9%。需正确认识医务人员认知差异及原因;重视医务人员权益、优化薪酬管理制度;加强家庭医生签约服务的宣传和推广;丰富医联体间活动形式;建立及时有效的临床医生反馈机制。