临床技能培训中心的建设尝试

医学生的临床基本技能培养，一直是各个医学院校教育中的薄弱环节。由于近些年来国家进行一系列医疗体制改革和颁布《医疗事故处理条例》，加之志愿人员的严重缺乏，让学生像过去那样进行实习已然不符合实际，临床技能培养的教育工作面临尴尬的局面。因此，寻找一条行之有效的培养医学生临床动手能力的途径已经迫在眉睫。     

基于认知发展的学科教育——英国认知干预项目及其启示

英国“基于认知发展的学科教育”是国际认知领域颇具影响力的科研项目,其用严谨的数据强有力地证明了有效认知干预对学生思维能力和学业的巨大影响,已有多个国家引进这项成果.其在课程体系、教学方法、教师专业发展等方面对我国素质教育背景下的课程改革、学习方法改革及教师专业发展模式等会带来一些启发与思考.     

现代工业培训中现代教育技术的开发与应用

以学生实践技能提升为视角,从学生现代工业培训的认知、模仿、整合、熟练操作四个阶段分别阐释了现代教育技术在现代工业培训体系中的作用以及具体应用。认知阶段要重点激发学习动机,了解动作的难度、要领以及动作步骤,预防错误的发生;模仿阶段要让学生熟悉操作步骤,将正确动作在熟练掌握基础上化为自己的实践技能;整合阶段要按照整个工序的过程,通过工程训练把局部的基本动作连贯起来;熟练阶段要利用现代教育技术人机交互的功能并通过视频发现不足,改进动作,提高实践教学效果。     

在二胡演奏中提高音准的有效途径

音准是二胡演奏的基础，是准确表达音乐作品的首要条件，本文分析了影响二胡音准的几个主要因素。     

Utility of the Maryland Assisted Living Functional Assessment Tool

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to consider the utility of the Maryland Assisted Living Functional Assessment (MALFA) in terms of predicting successful living in an assisted living facility. Consideration of utility of this tool was based on the predictive ability of the measure at baseline to explain length of stay and level of care needed for residents (nursing home versus assisted living) over a five year period. A total of 76 residents from a single ALF in the Baltimore area were tested annually over five years. Those who transitioned to a nursing home at some point during the 5-year period (47%) had higher mean scores on admission with regard to need for nursing interventions because of cognitive and psychiatric problems or to perform medical treatments. Medical illness influenced number of years in assisted living and accounted for 7% of the variance (F = 7.2, p < .05). The assessment tool provides a wealth of information about the resident and can be used to alert providers to consider individuals with high scores in subscales such as need for monitoring of cognitive and psychiatric problems or need for medical treatments in terms of being at risk for nursing home placement. Future work should consider how to optimally use the MALFA to implement interventions in assistive living that will prevent decline in areas that seem likely to result in a need for a higher level of care.     

Stress,coping and problem solving

Abstract

This paper outlines the developing consensus on the nature of stress. It offers a definition of stress as a psychological state derived from the person's appraisal of their ability to cope with the demands which are made of them. The paper then examines the concept of coping and explores its role in stress theory. It contrasts two different approaches to the study of coping: the classification of coping strategies, and the investigation of the process of coping—coping as ‘problem solving’. The paper focuses on the latter and in doing so it describes the nature of rational models of problem solving, considering their utility and application to stress management.     

Symbolic control: Issues of empirical description of agencies and agents

This paper arose out of the empirical requirements to describe and position agents and agencies of symbolic control concerned with the regulation of social relationships, consciousness, disposition and desire. These requirements led to a differentiation of agents in terms of their function and discourse and their segmentation through their specialized fields of activity and their stratification according to hierarchical position in a given field. This model generated a sensitive differentiation and segmentation which provides the social basis for expected differences in interests, motivations and identifications of functionally similar agents operating in different fields of activity. The model raises general issues of social class allocation and the relation between theory and methods.     

心理中介因素对个体心理健康维护的启示

积极的认知评价和控制感是个体面对文化震荡时有效的心理中介,处于文化震荡之中的个体应该形成积极的认知和评价自己周围发生的一些事情的态度,增强对文化震荡带来压力的控制感,提高自我调节能力,充分有效地利用社会支持系统来抵御压力,并达到维护和提高个体心理健康水平的目的.     

高校班级学生干部的角色认知误区及对策探析

班级学生干部角色认知误区是普遍存在的问题.传统观念的束缚、实践经验的匮乏、学识水平的限制等多种因素的共同作用,使得班级学生干部不愿意成为服务者而只愿成为管理者,不愿意成为班级活动的参与者而只愿成为领导者,不愿意成为学生工作的主导者而只愿成为“顺应者”,这样,既不利于班级教学和班级管理工作的顺利开展,对于学生的成长,尤其是对于学生干部本身的健康成长更加不利,因此,应通过内部消化、外部规约及规划角色生涯三个相应对策,指导班级学生干部克服角色认知偏差,消除角色认知误区.     

旧面目 真性情——秦理斌书法赏评

秦理斌具有扎实、深厚的书法基本功,在长期的书写过程中自然地形成了端庄中寓奇崛、雄健中见灵秀,拙朴而又巧妙,厚重、质实而又与飘逸、洒脱的个人风格。其深入传统、注重性情的自然表现、不唯新是求的创作态度,是值得肯定的。