多属性采购拍卖与多属性不对称纳什谈判的比较研究

拍卖与谈判作为采购中有效选择交易对象的常见方式,从最大化采购方收益的角度看,现有理论对这2种方式各有支持。通过运用经典的多属性拍卖模型和多属性不对称纳什谈判模型,将拍卖的期望收益和谈判的收益进行比较,发现2种机制的分界与谈判力量和投标人数这2个指标有关,通过划分谈判力量和投标人数取值的不同区间,找到了拍卖或谈判这2种方式的边界条件以及它们各自的适宜范围。     

考虑公平关切及其谈判破裂点的供应链运作

将考虑谈判破裂点的Nash解作为公平参考点,构建了基于Stackelberg博弈的公平关切供应链模型,分别在批发价契约和回购契约中探讨了供应链的决策和协调问题,分析了谈判破裂点对公平关切供应链的影响.研究发现:当批发价分别为外生、内生变量时,谈判破裂点对最优订货量的影响是完全相反的.此外,在批发价契约和回购契约中,基于Stackelberg博弈的公平关切供应链均无法协调,继而文章采用价格补贴的方式进行联合契约设计使供应链达到协调.     

A sociological formalization of Searle's social ontology

John Searle's theory of social reality is among the most influential accounts in the history of philosophy. His theory also implicates concepts and issues of foundational interest to sociologists, including social structure, institutional differentiation and the relationship between linguistic performativity and institutional reality. Despite this overlap with sociological theory, and despite some sustained attention from sociologists (e.g., Lukes, 2007 ), no formal theoretical model of Searle's work exists within sociology. This paper reviews the core concepts of Searle's theory before concisely describing and then formally modelling their propositional structure. Though the overlap of Searle's approach with classical and contemporary sociological theory is discussed throughout, the paper concludes with a specific argument about his proper assimilation into sociological theory vis‐à‐vis Durkheim, Bourdieu and Giddens.     

Collective action of ethno-national minority groups and the cost of inaction: Arab Palestinians in Israel

ABSTRACT

Collective action requires resources, organization, leaders and political opportunities. In the case of disadvantaged minority groups, long-standing conflict with the majority, a closed political opportunity structure and the difficulty of acquiring resources, increases the costs and risks of the action. We argue that the development of such an action is a function of leaders’ perceptions about the cost of inaction (COI) and symbolic resources of the group, such as solidarity. Combining these evaluations creates three trajectories: growth, restriction and decline. We examine this argument by four collective actions carried out by Arab Palestinians citizens in Israel to improve education. The findings show that leaders increased efforts even if they assessed opportunities are limited when they thought that COI is high, since inaction means not only the loss of instrumental costs but also the loss of potential symbolic gains such as recognition of the group collective identity.     

土地秩序的政治底蕴

立足村庄社会基础，从土地的社会生命、价值属性和制度实践出发，阐释土地秩序的弹性，揭示土地秩序的政治底蕴。土地秩序定义了土地价值实现的路径和空间，凝结并沉淀了厚重的村庄生活政治内容。集体土地制度实践通过嵌入土地秩序的社会历史脉络，彰显了土地秩序的连带性、公共性和动态性，促进了村庄秩序整合与土地价值实现。以土地秩序作为政治分析的起点，在真实具体的乡村社会和制度结构中还原土地的政治社会学意涵，有利于进一步拓展乡村政治的研究视域。     

A new continuous distribution on the unit interval applied to modelling the points ratio of football teams

We introduce a new flexible distribution to deal with variables on the unit interval based on a transformation of the sinh–arcsinh distribution, which accommodates different degrees of skewness and kurtosis and becomes an interesting alternative to model this type of data. We also include this new distribution into the generalised additive models for location, scale and shape (GAMLSS) framework in order to develop and fit its regression model. For different parameter settings, some simulations are performed to investigate the behaviour of the estimators. The potentiality of the new regression model is illustrated by means of a real dataset related to the points rate of football teams at the end of a championship from the four most important leagues in the world: Barclays Premier League (England), Bundesliga (Germany), Serie A (Italy) and BBVA league (Spain) during three seasons (2011–2012, 2012–2013 and 2013–2014).     

How social ties contribute to collective actions on social media: A social capital approach

In public relations research into civic engagement, the influence of social ties on the individual level has not been adequately studied from a social capital perspective. To fill this gap, this study conducts a one-factor between subjects experiment to examine the difference, if any, between the social influence of strong ties and of weak ties on individuals’ participation intentions in regard to collective actions. This study postulates collective efficacy as a factor possibly associated with the intention to participate in collective actions. The study findings suggest that advocacy about certain social causes, such as veterans affairs, have globally positive effects on publics’ civic engagement intentions, regardless of the norms of the social network with which the individuals are connected. Furthermore, collective efficacy was found to be positively associated with participation in collective actions. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

Black monument matters: Place-based commemoration and abolitionist memory work

Discrete monuments remain in the domain of the symbolic, land as mnemonic shifts to a more materialist commemorative praxis. This paper proposes a turn toward land as mnemonic of Black freedom struggle and place-making. Reviewing the scholarship on memoryscapes, I show that the critical insights of Black ecologies and geographies scholarship has moved further than traditional scholarship and offers multiple openings for new monuments and commemorative practices in honor of Black life. Black socio-ecologies scholarship centralizes the place-based epistemologies, spatial histories, and experiences of Black communities and clarifies the form and function of land or plots as mnemonics of the Black freedom struggle, place-making practices, and spatial epistemologies. Black plots are, therefore, ideal for orienting a new mode of Black commemoration. While much of the paper centers monuments to Black people, if Black commemoration is foregrounded in abolitionists thinking and practices, such memorialization must grapple with the histories of Indigenous dispossession and settler-colonialism. The paper concludes with a consideration of what the argument for land as mnemonic of Black freedom struggle and place-making might mean for future avenues of research.     

宅基地使用权规制规则反思:冲突与回应

宅基地使用权规制规则体系的内在冲突主要体现为三个方面:第一，宅基地使用权交易主要是通过土地管制规则来调整而使其财产权功能受到削弱;第二，宅基地使用权取得规则未适应其社会经济基础的变化，因而缺乏必要的引导功能和有效的可操作性;第三，宅基地利用规划和用途管制机制缺乏科学的法理基础而导致宅基地利用的低效和无序。为保障农民宅基地用益物权、适应城乡人口流动和村庄功能的变化，需要更新以管制为本位、维护村庄封闭性为目的的宅基地使用权交易和取得规则。在保障农民居住权的前提下，着眼于宅基地用途和农业多功能性，需要建立城乡一体化的住宅用地法律制度和相应的住宅公共政策体系。为维护宅基地利用规划的稳定性和用途管制的有效性，应当赋予农民集体充分的宅基地分配权和规划权。     

Collective risk model: Poisson–Lindley and exponential distributions for Bayes premium and operational risk

In this paper the collective risk model with Poisson–Lindley and exponential distributions as the primary and secondary distributions, respectively, is developed in a detailed way. It is applied to determine the Bayes premium used in actuarial science and also to compute the regulatory capital in the analysis of operational risk. The results are illustrated with numerous examples and compared with other approaches proposed in the literature for these questions, with considerable differences being observed.