Collective risk model: Poisson–Lindley and exponential distributions for Bayes premium and operational risk

In this paper the collective risk model with Poisson–Lindley and exponential distributions as the primary and secondary distributions, respectively, is developed in a detailed way. It is applied to determine the Bayes premium used in actuarial science and also to compute the regulatory capital in the analysis of operational risk. The results are illustrated with numerous examples and compared with other approaches proposed in the literature for these questions, with considerable differences being observed.     

论瑞吉欧"集体学习"及其教育价值

通过对瑞吉欧"集体学习"涵义、特点及理论依据的介绍,探讨集体中的社会交往对儿童学习及发展的价值;并结合我国当前正在进行的幼儿园课程与教学改革的实践,反思幼儿园集体教学存在的主要问题;通过对集体教学的重新定位,探讨在幼儿园教育实践中充分发挥集体教学的优势,促进儿童个性与社会性和谐发展的有效途径.     

家族记忆与集体人格

记忆可以用知识考古学的方法追索其中事实的一面和表述的一面,它不仅是被历史、文化、政治等外部力量形塑的产物,也是记忆主体能动性的建构的结果,以保存和延续他们认可的价值体系和文化规范。家族的集体记忆成为了形成集体人格的文化背景,在抽象的人格结构背后真正为我们所观察和掌握的就是记忆。南村的历史表明,家族性格来源于记忆,我们能够在过去的记忆中追索现存体验的更丰富内涵。     

Resources, social networks, and collective action frames of college students who join the gay and lesbian rights movement

This article explores the reasons why some college students join the gay and lesbian rights movements. After addressing the frequency of students joining this social movement, the article then considers the contexts and motivations behind such actions. To explore the catalysts to gay and lesbian rights activism, this study utilizes variables from resource, mobilizing, and framing theories of political participation. Using data from 820 heterosexual, lesbian, gay, and bisexual students, we found that economic and educational resources failed to explain participation in gay and lesbian politics. Instead, predictors of gay and lesbian activism were more closely aligned to four key variables: the political orientations of trusted peers, knowing full-fledged activists, an ability to recognize heterosexism, and participants' maintenance of activist identities.     

完善政府在工资集体协商中角色定位的思考

政府在工资集体协商中应当被定位为规则制定者、协商服务者、争议的调停者和履行监督者四重角色,目前在政府角色定位方面存在的问题分别是：干预范围失度、相关规定不明：主体培育和信息提供服务缺乏：政府机关之间协调不够,三方统一调停机制滞后;监管理念存在偏差,引导激励性监管措施缺失。应当确立依法干预理念,提高立法位阶,完善相关法律规定;培育工会主体,建立协商信息提供制度;加强三方联合协调,推进调停机制建设,具体调停中防治结合;完善工资集体协商监管制度,引入引导性监管手段。     

个人与社会之间关系问题的人学阐释

个人与社会、个人利益与社会整体利益的关系问题,是马克思主义人学的一个基本问题.在社会主义市场经济的建立和完善过程中,我们必须特别强调在处理个人与社会关系问题上的基本原则是集体主义原则.加强集体主义价值导向对于发展社会主义市场经济来说,绝不是外在的强加,而是基于其本性的内在要求.在市场经济条件下坚持和倡导集体主义价值观,必须用新的观点来理解和阐释这一价值观.市场经济条件下个人与社会之间的关系可概括为"个人与社会的价值同位与双向还原"原则.这具体表现为经济集体主义和权利平等之间的辩证统一,由此形成一个价值统一体.     

“定冠词+名词”的用法新探

"定冠词 名词"可以构成新的复合名词,在特定的语境中表达特定的概念.本文讨论与这一语法现象相关的基本理论,并对现有语法著作中的某些结论提出不同看法.     

The Incidence and Impact of Policy-Oriented Collective Action: Competing Views

This article asks four questions: (1) What are our theoretical expectations about the incidence of policy-oriented collective action and its impact? (2) What do the data show about the incidence of collective action and its impact? (3) How might the impact of collective action be related to its incidence? (4) What do our findings imply for our understanding of democratic politics? We suggest that predictions that little collective action will occur are more accurate than conventionally believed; that such action is often ineffective; that it may be ineffective partly because it is so infrequent; and that the analysis of the determinants of policy change should be rethought as a result.     

资源的相对稀缺性、谈判力与企业治理结构

通过资源相对稀缺性假设的提出 ,批判了“专用性”与“专有性”是谈判力基础的观点 ,得出只有“资源的相对稀缺性”才是谈判力的基础。并由此分析了企业治理模式的多态性 ,并对企业治理模式进行重新划分 ,最后指出我国在经济体制改革中 ,应积极促进人力资本市场和物质资本市场的不断发展和完善 ,企业治理模式由人力资本所有者和非人力资本所有者双方博奕解决 ,而不应采取单一治理模式。     

论社会主义下的个人财产

十六大对个人拥有财产的事实 ,已经做出了新的理论概括。这是对传统社会主义理论的重大突破。社会主义允许个人拥有财产 ,有利于调动个人参与经济建设的积极性 ,有利于社会的长治久安。允许个人拥有财产的政策思路是 ,通过一部分人先富起来 ,最后达到共同富裕 ,实现全社会的小康。把一部分人先富起来转变为全社会的共同富裕 ,需要政府及时采取正确的政策