我国温室气体排放总量控制法律机制探析

总量控制是减缓气候变暖、减排温室气体的重要制度。通过分析温室气体排放控制路径选择,论述了温室气体排放总量控制法律机制的概念、特征和内容。结合我国国情,分析了我国温室气体排放总量控制法律机制的体系与内容构建,提出了建立以政府温室气体总量管理为主导,具体排放源减排温室气体为主体,公众广泛参与及国际密切合作的法律机制目标,为保障温室气体排放总量控制的实现提供法制化的基础。     

贵州习水地区奥陶系露头层序地层研究

根据野外露头剖面资料,结合碳氧同位素分析,探讨了贵州习水地区奥陶系层序地层界面识别、层序划分及其碳氧同位素响应。研究区奥陶系可划分出6 个三级层序,包括两个I 型层序界面,两个II 型层序界面及两个III 型层序界面。三级层序内海侵体系域和高水位体系域内13C 分别呈增加和减小的趋势。碳氧同位素响应能有效反映准层序叠置形成四级层序。米级旋回发育两种模式：L–M 型米级旋回、潮下型米级旋回。     

微型燃气轮机燃烧室实验系统与测量方法

针对分布式发电系统中微型燃气轮机燃烧室燃烧的技术特点，设计建造了微型燃气轮机燃烧室实验系统，着重介绍了该实验系统的流程、结构、测量方法及研究内容．该实验系统设计合理、功能完善、测量方法准确可靠，可用于常压和增压条件(0～0．3MP3)下微型燃气轮机燃烧室性能及相关燃烧技术的研究．     

瓦斯和煤尘监测的配风模型

本文针对煤矿安全亟待解决的问题,利用概率统计等知识,分析判断煤矿类型和不安全因素,为建立井下瓦斯和煤尘监测的配风模型,给出求解模型相应的配风方案,实现瓦斯和煤尘浓度的优化控制,为消除煤矿爆炸隐患,实现安全生产,进行瓦斯和煤尘的监测与控制一直是极为被重点关注和解决的重要问题,从而为提供了可行性的参考依据。     

玻璃管空气预热器的优化设计

本文研究玻璃管空气预热器的优化问题,提出了管式空气预热器优化设计的通用计算机软件,并进行了实例计算。同时还对卧式空气预热器的经济流速和最佳风烟速比进行了讨论。     

可用余热分析与工业锅炉的最优排烟温度

本文提出了可用余热分析方法及相应的数学模型,并对工业锅炉的最优排烟温度进行了分析。     

α-Fe_2O_3气敏材料及添加剂的作用

α-Fe_2O_3是可不用添加贵金属而对 H_2、CH_4等可燃性气体敏感的一种材料.有稳定性好,价格低等优点.本文介绍了用化学共沉法制备掺杂 α-Fe_2O_3的工艺以及掺杂剂、硫酸根等在α-Fe_2O_3气敏性中的作用,并进行了分析讨论.     

Estimation of Vulnerable Zones Due to Accidental Release of Toxic Materials Resulting in Dense Gas Clouds

Heavy gas dispersion models have been developed at IIT (hereinafter referred as IIT heavy gas models I and II) with a view to estimate vulnerable zones due to accidental (both instantaneous and continuous, respectively) release of dense toxic material in the atmosphere. The results obtained from IIT heavy gas models have been compared with those obtained from the DEGADIS model [Dense Gas Dispersion Model, developed by Havens and Spicer (1985) for the U.S. Coast Guard] as well as with the observed data collected during the Burro Series, Maplin Sands, and Thorney Island field trials. Both of these models include relevant features of dense gas dispersion, viz., gravity slumping, air entrainment, cloud heating, and transition to the passive phase, etc. The DEGADIS model has been considered for comparing the performance of IIT heavy gas models in this study because it incorporates most of the physical processes of dense gas dispersion in an elaborate manner, and has also been satisfactorily tested against field observations. The predictions from IIT heavy gas models indicate a fairly similar trend to the observed values from Thorney Island, Burro Series, and Maplin experiments with a tendency toward overprediction. There is a good agreement between the prediction of IIT Heavy Gas models I and II with those from DEGADIS, except for the simulations of IIT heavy gas model-I pertaining to very large release quantities under highly stable atmospheric conditions. In summary, the performance of IIT heavy gas models have been found to be reasonably good both with respect to the limited field data available and various simulations (selected on the basis of relevant storages in the industries and prevalent meteorological conditions performed with DEGADIS). However, there is a scope of improvement in the IIT heavy gas models (viz., better formulation for entrainment, modification of coefficients, transition criteria, etc.). Further, isotons (nomograms) have been prepared by using IIT heavy gas models for chlorine, which provide safe distance for various storage amounts for 24 meteorological scenarios prevalent in the entire year. These nomograms are prepared such that a nonspecialist can use them easily for control and management in case of an emergency requiring the evacuation of people in the affected region. These results can also be useful for siting and limiting the storage quantities.     

舰船排气装置红外辐射密度分布的数值预测

本文研究了船舶动力装置排气系统的红外辐射分布情况，在计及各向同性参与性气体的情况下，建立了红外场预测的数学模型．与国外文献给出的实测结果相比，本文结果合理可信．文中给出的模型对合理设计舰船排气系统，减少红外辐射密度，提高战区舰船生存能力具有参考价值．     

降低汽油机怠速排放污染物的研究

本文从未燃 HC 和 CO 在发动机内的形成机理入手分析了影响汽油机怠速排放污染物的主要因素。通过试验找出了诸因素对怠速排放污染物浓度的影响规律,如混合气质量,点火,发动机转速,冷却水温度及燃烧室表面积炭等。在试验研究的基础上,提出了降低在用汽油车怠速排放污染物浓度的方法。