激励:动机的现实化和对象化

动机能够对行为的选择、发动、维持、制止做出解释,成为行为发生的根据,这表明动机是激励的出发点和动力源;而激励是动机的唤醒方式与活化手段,没有激励的发生,动机可能是潜在的或静态的,这又表明激励是动机的现实化和对象化。学界对动机的探讨从未终止过,需要理论、成就理论、平衡理论和归因理论中都浸润着作为激励源的动机因子,这些因子又是解释激励发生的关键要素。     

动漫传播者的符号生产与传播行为研究

动漫传播者的动漫符号的生产行为,是动漫产业的起点,而动漫传播者包括动漫的创意、制作和生产人员。所以动漫符号生产实质上是一个孵化的过程,将零碎的素材进行整理、编码,转换为形象符号。     

归因视角下负动机影响因素探究

为探究中国学习者外语学习负动机的影响因素,本文结合心理控制源理论,对125名大学生进行了问卷调查。统计结果表明内部因素是中国学习者负动机的首要因素,心理源内外控者在内部因素上的表现没有差异性,但外控者比内控者受外部因素影响程度大,负动机影响因素反映出了学习者的归因倾向。从归因视角探究负动机影响因素的产生根源,发现除文化及学习背景的差异外,学习者的个性因素也是重要原因,因此引导学习者形成合理的归因风格才能激发学习动机。     

Interpreting Child Sexual Abuse: Empathy and Offense-Supportive Cognitions among Child Sex Offenders

Researchers have suggested that child sex offenders hold distorted views on social interactions with children. Misinterpreting children’s behavior and intentions could lead to sexually abusive behavior toward children. It is further suggested that the interpretation process is influenced by offenders’ offense-supportive cognitions and levels of empathy. To examine the relationships between these three concepts, 47 contact offenders completed self-reports on offense-supportive cognitions and empathy. Vignettes were developed to assess the extent to which offenders attributed responsibility, benefit, and complicity to children in hypothetical child molestation incidents. This study showed that cognitions that justify sexual offending against children seem to diminish the threshold for sexual assault by assigning more cooperation and willingness of the victim in a child molestation incident.     

“政府采购第一案”与我国政府采购的法制建设研究

自2003年1月1日执行《政府采购法》以来,我国政府采购活动实现了有法可依。10年间,我国的政府采购发展迅猛,取得了令人瞩目的成绩,但在完善相关法律制度、贯彻"三公"原则等方面仍存在很多问题。有"政府采购第一案"之称的北京现代沃尔经贸有限责任公司状告国家财政部一案,历时7年,此案反映出政府采购法律体系中的诸多问题,透过"政府采购第一案"深入讨论我国政府采购中存在的主体责任归属问题,以及相关法律程序建设的迫切性和必要性,对完善我国政府采购法制建设有着积极作用。     

成就归因训练中教师的态度问题

通过考察分析不同年级学生不同课堂情境的成就归因训练结果 ,发现教师对学生的态度是决定归因训练效果的重要因素 ,说明在归因训练中不仅要重视实验设计和训练指导过程 ,更要重视教师本身的素质。因此 ,加强素质教育 ,转变教师的教育观念应成为当前各项教育实验研究的当务之急     

建立大学生积极学业成就归因模式的探究

学业成就归因是影响学生学业成绩的一个重要方面,也是自20世纪70年代以来理论家和实践工作者一直都在探索的课题。归因训练是帮助学生建立积极归因模式的有效方法。研究结果显示：无论在学生学业成功还是失败时,归因训练都有助于大学生积极学业成就归因模式的建立。     

The social construction of crises in governmental and corporate communications: An inter-organizational and inter-systemic analysis

The paper analyzes the interplay between governmental and corporate crisis communications and how this in turn might lead to institutional changes in the specific case of the financial crisis (2008). The theoretical framework and empirical illustration enriches crisis communication theory in three ways: firstly by documenting how political and economic actors make sense of the crisis in their crisis narrations; secondly by analyzing how they attribute responsibilities and define solutions and consequences, which finally lead their actions and institutional processes; thirdly by investigating how they do this in relation to the micro-level (individual), meso-level (organizational) and macro-level (societal). The study demonstrates that the financial crisis is mostly inter-systemically and inter-organizationally co-constructed and points to the need of a more complex Processional Crisis Communication Theory (PCCT).     

网络空间:概念、特征及其空间归属

网络空间是伴随互联网技术的发展从社会空间中延伸和分化出来的新的空间形态,社会性是其根本属性。网络空间的生产与再生产体现了人的社会关系的生产与再生产过程。作为一种“虚拟的实在”,网络空间中的自由体现为一种“有限的自由”,网络空间中的交往体现为一种“无中心的交互”,网络空间是一种“流动的质”。在空间归属问题上,不能简单地指认网络空间“是”或者“不是”公共领域,而是要积极发挥网络空间的公共领域之功能,建构良好的整体空间秩序。     

Do beliefs about psychologists’ political biases matter? Perceived political ideology moderates how laypeople construe research on wrongdoing

Two studies examine a possible consequence – namely, unwanted reactions to psychological research on wrongdoing – if laypeople perceive psychologists to have liberal tendencies. Study 1 replicated previous research by showing that when psychologists presented findings demonstrating situational (compared to dispositional or interactionist) influences on wrongdoing, they were perceived as assigning less responsibility to perpetrators. Further, this effect was stronger among participants who perceived psychologists to be politically liberal. Study 2 revealed that when psychologists were explicitly identified as liberals, participants believed they would downplay perpetrator responsibility across the board, but particularly when the responsibility attributional account was situational. Psychologists should be aware that laypeople’s perception of their political leanings could lead to discrepant construal of psychologists’ actual perspectives on human behavior.