高校少数民族毕业生就业问题及对策研究——以西南民族大学为例

大学生就业问题近年来成为社会各界关注的热点问题,少数民族大学毕业生的就业问题因其既具有共性,又带有特性,更应成为关注的焦点。本文基于对西南民族大学少数民族毕业生就业问题的调研,发现当前成都地区高校少数民族毕业生一定程度存在热衷大城市就业,沟通能力相对不足,从事工作与所学专业不对口,易受到不公对待等就业问题。究其原因,我们认为与少数民族大学毕业生的传统择业观、汉语水平、学校的专业设置以及用人单位的不当认识有关。为此,本文提出政府应加大对少数民族大学毕业生就业的关注程度;学校应提高少数民族大学生的综合素质;社会应创造公平公正的就业环境;少数民族大学生应提升自身能力、转变择业观念等相关对策建议。     

Skill and education effects on earnings in 18 Countries: The role of national educational institutions

This study investigates whether the mechanisms why education is rewarded vary across countries. Do educational institutions affect the likelihood that support for a particular mechanism is found? Combining IALS survey data and OECD statistics on educational institutions, it was shown that the effect of measured skill on earnings - controlled for educational attainment - is lower in countries where educational institutions produce skills relevant for work through the vocational system. This indicates that the human capital perspective on education works particularly well in vocationally oriented educational systems, as the skills generated in education are strongly overlapping with the skills that are rewarded. An alternative mechanism sees education as a means for social closure through credentialization. Under the credentialization model, education is not primarily rewarded for the productivity-enhancing skills it entails, but rather for reasons unrelated to productivity. Following this theory education is used for selection into the organization, after which directly observable skills are determining wages. Assuming that a strongly differentiated educational system creates boundaries between social groups, it is hypothesized that strongly differentiated systems lead to stronger measured skill effects. We do not find support for this hypothesis.     

中英文医学科研论文摘要的比较研究

目的：探讨和对比中英文医学科研论文摘要部分所存在的差异。方法：通过自身写作及阅读大量的中英文参考文献,对比、分析其摘要的基本结构、基本内容和写作要求,比较中英文医学科研论文的基本结构、基本内容的描述及人称代词的使用等方面的内容。结果：中英文医学科研论文摘要部分在基本结构、基本内容的描述以及人称代词的使用方面存在很大的差异。结论：中英文医学科研论文的摘要部分写作要求不完全相同,提示作者在进行中英文医学科研论文写作时,应根据中英文期刊的具体要求进行有针对性的写作,以提高论文录用率。     

产学研结合与社会发展

产学研结合不仅是一种教育模式,更是一种科技创新转换和社会发展模式。产学研结合研究结合国外经营,有些模式可以借鉴,但基于中国自己国情,中国有自己不同模式。基于此,对于产学研结合在中国发展的未来给以展望,知识产权保护,高校多元治理,充分调动各方积极性,联合高校政府企业社会各方进行跨区域跨学科的综合合作。     

古代汉语涉船类语词命名考释

我国古代先民很早就在与河水、海水的交往中制造出了乘浮水上的工具,也相应地造出了许多跟舟船有关的事物名称语词。本文运用语源学的方法,通过系联同族词对部分此类语词的得名之由进行了考释,并探讨了相关的文化知识。     

理工类研究型大学人文社会学科建设问题探究

人文社会科学在人类的发展历史上起着举足轻重的作用,与之相对应的大学人文社会学科建设也逐渐被越来越多的大学所重视。对理工类研究型大学而言,人文社会学科具有激发创新能力、促进学科融合和提升人文氛围等独特的意义。基于海内外两所著名大学建设人文社会学科的经验,结合哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院的实际情况,对理工类研究型大学人文社会学科的建设作出思考：将人文社会学科定位于对理工学科在“工具”、“视野”与“内涵”等层面具有辅助作用;充分利用毗邻港澳的优势,解决人文社会学科师资困难;全面促进人文社会学科与理工学科的交叉融合,并充分发挥大学文化对城市文化的辐射力。     

英语专业学生写作错误僵化现象研究

通过对大学英语专业专科三个年级699份同一作文题目下的语言错误进行统计分析和师生的半结构化访谈,研究发现：母语思维迁移和文化距离是导致僵化的主要原因,汉语思维和认知经验对英语学习有着不可避免的影响,这一发现与创造性建构理论认为在中介语发展过程中目标语的习得不受母语影响的观点不一致;肯定性反馈有时会成为僵化的诱因,否定性反馈会引起学生对错误的＂注意＂,使错误处于不断被提醒被纠正的活动状态,因而不易导致僵化;随着大量真实地道可理解的目的语输入和真诚纠错的策略运用,僵化错误可以得到缓解和纠正。     

实施探究式教学对教师提出的新要求

文章从探究式教学的基本要素出发,基于探究式教学的实践,从教师对探究式教学模式的熟知熟用、科研、问题设计和把握探究过程的能力四个方面探讨探究式教学对教师提出的新要求,分析了探究式教学的局限性,认为应该整合讲授型教学模式等各种教学模式的优点,以利于切实提高教学实效。     

师范生教育科研能力培养的现实路径

应重视培养师范生的教育科研能力,这一观点在学界已达成共识。本文具体指明了师范生教育科研能力培养的现实路径：调整教育类课程培养方案;加强实践环节,以期使师范生的教育科研能力培养落到实处。     

German family policy at the crossroads: analysing the impact of parental leave reform through simulation

Comparative studies of welfare reforms encounter two problems. First, the counterfactual problem is that in the real world schemes and their reforms do not coexist simultaneously and are hard to compare. Second, the contextual problem derives from the absence of comparable measures for change. Microsimulation helps to overcome these problems. It compares policy options – actual reforms or reform plans – simultaneously and provides a comparable measure: the disposable income of model families. This article uses a type–case approach to investigate recent reforms of the German parental leave benefit. Simulation makes those reforms comparable over time and across countries. Results show that the profile of the German scheme is changing from 'general family' towards 'dual-earner' support. Furthermore, the recent reforms make the German scheme converge towards the Swedish leave scheme. The recent reforms introduce a new concept of fairness and a focus on gender equality to German family policies.