医院固定资产管理存在的问题及对策*

医院的固定资产是医院经营的资本,是国有资产的重要组成部分,分析了医院固定资产运用中存在的问题,从明确固定资产管理的岗位设置与分工,健全固定资产管理机制,完善固定资产的账务管理,搞好医院固定资产的清查盘点,加强对医院固定资产计算机系统管理,加强固定资产维修和报废管理工作等六个方面提出了做好医院固定资产的管理的对策建议.     

“看病贵“的根由及其治理

“看病贵”是我国近年社会各界广泛关注的焦点。它既是一个与个人支付能力和实际支付状况有关的范畴,更是一个因医药费用过度增长引发的宏观现象。诱发看病贵根源是在市场化改革过程中形成的政府与医院、医院与医生、以及医生行为过程中的诊断、检查检验、治疗三位一体的利益共同体。治理必须以规范医生行为为中心,通过体制转换、制度变迁和机制再造,切断政府与医院、医生与医院以及依附于诊断、检查检验和治疗技术路径上的利益链条。     

医院伦理委员会的意义与功能

现代医学和高新技术的发展 ,在医疗领域中 ,引发了许多医学伦理学问题。为适应形势的要求 ,医院伦理委员会应运而生。     

医院成本核算的原则与方法

概述了成本核算在医疗领域的应用,详细介绍了医院开展成本核算具体方法及成本核算应遵循的原则。其目的是通过对医院成本的核算与管理,降低医院运营成本,提高医院效益。     

Part of the Problem or Part of the Solution? The Role of Care Homes in Tackling Delayed Hospital Discharges

As part of current UK policies to reduce the number of delayedhospital discharges, a number of commentators have identifiedan alleged crisis in the care home market as one of key contributingfactors. With local authorities under pressure to cut costs,it is argued, the number of care homes is reducing, and delaysin hospital can often result. Behind this diagnosis is a seriesof assumptions about the role and nature of care home provision,the appropriateness of this form of service for many older people,and the need for more care homes to reduce the number of hospitaldelays. In order to explore and critique these assumptions,this paper reviews the role of care homes in tackling delayeddischarges, and argues the need for fewer and different carehome placements rather than more of this type of provision.     

The Perception of Organizational Issues of Social Work Practitioners in Saudi Hospitals

ABSTRACT

Health care has evolved rapidly in Saudi Arabia, based upon a Western model of service that incorporates multidisciplinary professional teams. Social work practice forms part of patient care. This study explores how Saudi social workers perceive their role and how they describe their practice within the hospital context. A quantitative methodology was employed using a self-administered questionnaire. Analysis revealed that 219 social workers perceived formidable limitations to their daily work practice. The study identified factors relating to the hospital's organizational circumstances where a) organizational structural aspects, b) organizational resources, and c) hospital management and interprofessional teamwork impacted best practice. Future research and recommendations for further study are outlined.     

Möglichkeiten der Öffentlichkeitsarbeit für Krankenhäuser

Possibilities of public relations for hospitals While it is normal for hospitals in the USA to advertise or to do public relations, it is rather uncommon in Germany. Since hospitals in Germany are faced with rising competition and budget restrains of the public health system it seems they are recognizing more and more, that it is difficult to compete in the market without doing public relations. Therefore basic possibilities to reach certain target groups with public relations are presented. Subsequently the case of the Schlosspark-Klinik demonstrates, how it is possible to create public relations, which are strictly oriented towards the main strategy of the hospital.     

Insurer Competition in Health Care Markets

The impact of insurer competition on welfare, negotiated provider prices, and premiums in the U.S. private health care industry is theoretically ambiguous. Reduced competition may increase the premiums charged by insurers and their payments made to hospitals. However, it may also strengthen insurers' bargaining leverage when negotiating with hospitals, thereby generating offsetting cost decreases. To understand and measure this trade‐off, we estimate a model of employer‐insurer and hospital‐insurer bargaining over premiums and reimbursements, household demand for insurance, and individual demand for hospitals using detailed California admissions, claims, and enrollment data. We simulate the removal of both large and small insurers from consumers' choice sets. Although consumer welfare decreases and premiums typically increase, we find that premiums can fall upon the removal of a small insurer if an employer imposes effective premium constraints through negotiations with the remaining insurers. We also document substantial heterogeneity in hospital price adjustments upon the removal of an insurer, with renegotiated price increases and decreases of as much as 10% across markets.     

论医院现代管理中的"以人为本"理念

医院的健康发展要求与之相适应的现代管理理念和文化建设.中国共产党十六届三中全会明确提出:"坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的发展现,促进经济社会和人的全面发展".这是在科学地概括和总结世界范围内经济与社会发展实践的基础上形成的科学的社会发展观念.可见"以人为本"也是医院建设与发展的现代管理理念.     

Coping with Time‐Varying Demand When Setting Staffing Requirements for a Service System

We review queueing‐theory methods for setting staffing requirements in service systems where customer demand varies in a predictable pattern over the day. Analyzing these systems is not straightforward, because standard queueing theory focuses on the long‐run steady‐state behavior of stationary models. We show how to adapt stationary queueing models for use in nonstationary environments so that time‐dependent performance is captured and staffing requirements can be set. Relatively little modification of straightforward stationary analysis applies in systems where service times are short and the targeted quality of service is high. When service times are moderate and the targeted quality of service is still high, time‐lag refinements can improve traditional stationary independent period‐by‐period and peak‐hour approximations. Time‐varying infinite‐server models help develop refinements, because closed‐form expressions exist for their time‐dependent behavior. More difficult cases with very long service times and other complicated features, such as end‐of‐day effects, can often be treated by a modified‐offered‐load approximation, which is based on an associated infinite‐server model. Numerical algorithms and deterministic fluid models are useful when the system is overloaded for an extensive period of time. Our discussion focuses on telephone call centers, but applications to police patrol, banking, and hospital emergency rooms are also mentioned.