增强辽宁中心城市的集聚力和扩散功能

振兴东北老工业基地,促进区域经济社会协调发展,是中央提出的又一重大举措。辽宁要构建区域经济三大板块,增强中心城市的集聚力和扩散功能。     

关于红学发展的一些思考

红学发展的问题是一个常谈常新、谈而不休、看来还将继续谈论下去的问题,也是一个“谈何容易”的大问题。进一步发展红学的关键问题是学人要脚踏实地,要潜心为学,不哗众取宠,不标新立异;而了解研究现状、继承已有成果、提出有根有据的新见以促进红学研究的发展,就显得尤为重要。     

论网约车平台经营者集中现象的反垄断规制——以中俄Uber并购案为分析视角

作为互联网新兴领域,网约车平台经营者集中现象为反垄断工作带来巨大挑战。对于2016年8月滴滴Uber合并案中合并后的滴滴是否构成垄断并采取反垄断措施,社会与学术界争论颇多。文章通过域外判例借鉴及法律分析,结合互联网平台行业发展的特有规律,得出本案的竞争市场应界定为网约车市场、滴滴平台占据市场支配地位,尚未产生排除、限制竞争效果,因此目前无需采取反垄断制裁的结论;同时针对我国网约车平台市场竞争态势,对未来网约车平台垄断行为规制提出完善建议:应当对我国网约车平台采取包容审慎的反垄断规制态度,既要考虑网络特点,又要实现对国内企业的有效保护;并从发挥大数据优势、合理降低准入门槛、建立创新鼓励模式三个角度入手提出具体的规制建议,以期为我国互联网平台经营者集中这一现象的反垄断分析提供新的思路。     

财务业绩、股权集中度与社会责任信息披露——来自中国农业类上市公司的经验证据

通过选取中国沪深两市发布社会责任报告的农业类上市公司在2009—2011年间的样本数据进行实证研究,检验企业财务业绩对社会责任信息披露的影响。研究结果表明,企业财务业绩与社会责任信息披露之间呈显著的倒＂U＂型关系,进一步研究发现这种关系仅在股权集中度较低的企业中显著存在。文章对现有文献中社会责任信息披露机理的研究进行了拓展和综合,同时对于政府规范企业社会责任履行及信息披露具有政策指导意义。     

中国银行业高盈利研究————基于与实体经济行业比较的证据

基于行业差异分析的视角,以16家上市银行和九大行业2006-2012年的面板数据为研究对象,通过对比分析影响两者盈利的因素来考察我国银行业高盈利的真实原因。实证结果显示：实体行业盈利对规模指标的敏感程度甚于银行业,风险因素对两者的影响刚好相反;市场集中度与银行盈利显著正相关,而与实体行业负相关,但作用并不明显;宏观环境中存贷款利差显著负作用于实体经济盈利,而对于银行业则不显著;证券化率与银行利润负相关,而与实体行业正相关。这表明,放宽民间金融准入,推进利率市场化,提高风险管理水平,完善资本市场发展是实现金融服务实体经济目的的必然举措。     

About the contributors

This paper first maps the distribution of indigenous gambling in cultures around the world. On the basis of extensive ethnographic and historical evidence, it is concluded that gambling is not a universal phenomenon; prior to the era of European colonisation, non-gambling societies appear to have covered large areas of the globe. The pattern of gambling and non-gambling peoples and nations invites speculation and investigation. The second part of the paper reviews and critically discusses statistical cross-cultural studies that have aimed to uncover factors that promote or restrain the playing of games of chance and the practice of gambling. Some of these factors, which allow us to predict to a certain extent the presence and intensity of gambling in societies, are: the presence of commercially used money, social inequality, societal complexity, and the presence of certain kinds of competitive inter-tribal relations.     

Rethinking empirical approaches to racial segregation

Within empirical approaches to racial residential segregation, there has been a tendency to draw on the work of or influenced by Robert E. Park and his ecological hypothesis to explore social and spatial relations between members of different ethnic and racial groups, thus framing research within a race relations paradigm. This has promoted an analysis which naturalizes racial differences but which also sidelines structural considerations. In turn this approach has also fed into political discourses on segregation, at times supporting more reactionary positions. This paper seeks to address this debate by considering whether emphasis on minority ethnic concentration sidelines the more pertinent issue of concentration in deprived areas, suggesting that neighbourhood deprivation as a measure can be more easily aligned with structural conditions which have influenced the settlement and historical experience of many ethnic minority communities. Specifically, I consider the extent to which a measure of neighbourhood deprivation is more important than the ethnic composition of an area for thinking about the distribution of inequalities in unemployment (as one example of socio‐economic inequality). Using multilevel logistic regression I find neighbourhood income deprivation to be more important than levels of co‐ethnic concentration for explaining ethnic differences in unemployment. The findings imply that neighbourhood deprivation is significantly more important for considering inequalities in unemployment for ethnic minorities than the ethnic composition of an area.     

客户关系对企业技术创新的影响

基于2012~2019年我国A股制造业企业数据,从静态客户集中度及动态客户波动性两个维度,结合地区可持续发展,深入考察客户关系对企业技术创新的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:客户集中度与客户波动性均会弱化企业技术创新,而地区可持续发展水平能够显著缓解客户集中度对企业技术创新的负面影响;通过作用机制分析发现,客户集中度所引致的融资约束水平上升,以及客户波动性所引致的存货周转效率降低,均抑制了企业技术创新。     

Methodology for setting risk-based concentrations of contaminants in soil and groundwater and application to a model contaminated site

In Japan, environmental standards for contaminants in groundwater and in leachate from soil are set with the assumption that they are used for drinking water over a human lifetime. Where there is neither a well nor groundwater used for drinking, the standard is thus too severe. Therefore, remediation based on these standards incurs excessive effort and cost. In contrast, the environmental-assessment procedure used in the United States and the Netherlands considers the site conditions (land use, existing wells, etc.); however, a risk assessment is required for each site. Therefore, this study proposes a new framework for judging contamination in Japan by considering the merits of the environmental standards used and a method for risk assessment. The framework involves setting risk-based concentrations that are attainable remediation goals for contaminants in soil and groundwater. The framework was then applied to a model contaminated site for risk management, and the results are discussed regarding the effectiveness and applicability of the new methodology.     

Competing statistical methods for the fitting of normal species sensitivity distributions: recommendations for practitioners

A species sensitivity distribution (SSD) models data on toxicity of a specific toxicant to species in a defined assemblage. SSDs are typically assumed to be parametric, despite noteworthy criticism, with a standard proposal being the log-normal distribution. Recently, and confusingly, there have emerged different statistical methods in the ecotoxicological risk assessment literature, independent of the distributional assumption, for fitting SSDs to toxicity data with the overall aim of estimating the concentration of the toxicant that is hazardous to % of the biological assemblage (usually with small). We analyze two such estimators derived from simple linear regression applied to the ordered log-transformed toxicity data values and probit transformed rank-based plotting positions. These are compared to the more intuitive and statistically defensible confidence limit-based estimator. We conclude based on a large-scale simulation study that the latter estimator should be used in typical assessments where a pointwise value of the hazardous concentration is required.