Alpha power Weibull distribution: Properties and applications

In this paper, a new lifetime distribution is defined and studied. We refer to the new distribution as alpha power Weibull distribution. The importance of the new distribution comes from its ability to model monotone and non monotone failure rate functions, which are quite common in reliability studies. Various properties of the proposed distribution are obtained including moments, quantiles, entropy, order statistics, mean residual life function, and stress-strength parameter. The maximum likelihood estimation method is used to estimate the parameters. Two real data sets are used to illustrate the importance of the proposed distribution.     

道路转换与村寨社会变迁——以汶川县羌锋村的民族志考察为例

阿坝州汶川县羌锋村为“西羌第一村”,途经该村寨的道路数次转变。长时段来看,羌锋村经历了灌松古道、现代道路两种不同的道路类型,其中现代道路又可分为成阿公路、国道213线、都汶高速三个不同时期出现的三种现代道路。不同阶段道路的演变均发生在特定时代背景下,继而引起了村落不同层面的社会变迁。道路的连通疏通了地区间的隔离,打开了羌锋村与外界交流的大门,扩大了羌锋村与外界沟通的范围,村寨社会发生变迁的涉及面也愈发广泛,村落重塑的效果也逐步显著。     

Exponentiated generalized Pareto distribution: Properties and applications towards extreme value theory

The GPD is a central distribution in modelling heavy tails in many applications. Applying the GPD to actual datasets however is not trivial. In this paper we propose the Exponentiated GPD (exGPD), created via log-transform of the GPD variable, which has less sample variability. Various distributional quantities of the exGPD are derived analytically. As an application we also propose a new plot based on the exGPD as an alternative to the Hill plot to identify the tail index of heavy tailed datasets, and carry out simulation studies to compare the two.     

Regression analysis of informative current status data with the semiparametric linear transformation model

Many methods have been developed in the literature for regression analysis of current status data with noninformative censoring and also some approaches have been proposed for semiparametric regression analysis of current status data with informative censoring. However, the existing approaches for the latter situation are mainly on specific models such as the proportional hazards model and the additive hazard model. Corresponding to this, in this paper, we consider a general class of semiparametric linear transformation models and develop a sieve maximum likelihood estimation approach for the inference. In the method, the copula model is employed to describe the informative censoring or relationship between the failure time of interest and the censoring time, and Bernstein polynomials are used to approximate the nonparametric functions involved. The asymptotic consistency and normality of the proposed estimators are established, and an extensive simulation study is conducted and indicates that the proposed approach works well for practical situations. In addition, an illustrative example is provided.     

Interdisciplinary and Interorganizational Research: Establishing the Science of Enterprise Networks

We review and discuss the evolution of interdisciplinary and interorganizational research in operations management and suggest directions for future investigations. The proposed operations management research focus is one that embraces a more holistic view of an “extended enterprise” which involves working with a new business model—the organization as a network. This methodology starts by treating the organization as a system that is enabled by information technology and is characterized by ubiquitous information sharing across traditional enterprise. Proper integration of technology, business processes and people factors needs to be developed to create higher value from networked enterprises. Operations management research future lies in establishing this science from an interdisciplinary perspective. We analyze this perspective in the context of papers published in the first 50 issues of Production and Operations Management and the related literature.     

Axiomatic Based Decomposition for Conceptual Product Design

This paper describes a structured methodology for decomposing the conceptual design problem in order to facilitate the design process and result in improved conceptual designs that better satisfy the original customer requirements. The axiomatic decomposition for conceptual design method combines Alexander's network partitioning formulation of the design problem with Suh's Independence Axiom. The axiomatic decomposition method uses a cross‐domain approach in a House of Quality context to estimate the interactions among the functional requirements that are derived from a qualitative assessment of customer requirements. These interactions are used in several objective functions that serve as criteria for decomposing the design network. A new network partitioning algorithm is effective in creating partitions that maximize the within‐partition interactions and minimize the between‐partition interactions with appropriate weightings. The viability, usability, and value of the axiomatic decomposition method were examined through analytic comparisons and qualitative assessments of its application. The new method was examined using students in engineering design capstone courses and it was found to be useable and did produce better product designs that met the customer requirements. The student‐based assessment revealed that the process would be more effective with individuals having design experience. In a subsequent assessment with practicing industrial designers, it was found that the new method did facilitate the development of better designs. An important observation was the need for limits on partition size (maximum of four functional requirements.) Another issue identified for future research was the need for a means to identify the appropriate starting partition for initiating the design.     

正确理解隐喻引起的词汇变化

本文首先分析了隐喻对词汇的变化所产生的影响,包括:一词多义、词性转换、复合造词和成语,然后提出了提高隐喻认知能力的有效对策:扩大基本词汇量、掌握隐喻产生的基础以及重视语境对隐喻理解的作用。     

关于公共行政变革与行政行为理论发展的探索

随着公共行政变革的逐步深入,原有的行政行为理论已经不再适应现实发展的需要。因此,有必要突破原有思维的影响,进一步界定行政行为的概念,扩展其范围,以改造和发展现有的行政行为理论,促进行政法学和行政法治的发展,适应公共行政变革的要求。     

Maximum expected entropy transformed Latin hypercube designs

Existing projection designs (e.g. maximum projection designs) attempt to achieve good space-filling properties in all projections. However, when using a Gaussian process (GP), model-based design criteria such as the entropy criterion is more appropriate. We employ the entropy criterion averaged over a set of projections, called expected entropy criterion (EEC), to generate projection designs. We show that maximum EEC designs are invariant to monotonic transformations of the response, i.e. they are optimal for a wide class of stochastic process models. We also demonstrate that transformation of each column of a Latin hypercube design (LHD) based on a monotonic function can substantially improve the EEC. Two types of input transformations are considered: a quantile function of a symmetric Beta distribution chosen to optimize the EEC, and a nonparametric transformation corresponding to the quantile function of a symmetric density chosen to optimize the EEC. Numerical studies show that the proposed transformations of the LHD are efficient and effective for building robust maximum EEC designs. These designs give projections with markedly higher entropies and lower maximum prediction variances (MPV''s) at the cost of small increases in average prediction variances (APV''s) compared to state-of-the-art space-filling designs over wide ranges of covariance parameter values.     

转型期高校学生思想教育难点问题的理性思考

当前,我国正处在由计划经济向社会主义市场经济的转型时期,大学生的思想教育面临着许多不容忽视的问题,其中问题成因,既有客观因素之影响,也有主观原因所致,需要我们在工作中有针对性地加强教育和引导。