Stages of change and engagement in a family intervention

Prochaska and DiClemente's stages of change model facilitate understanding of engagement difficulties in psychosocial intervention processes. We assessed the link between stages of family change and intervention dropout in a sample of 141 families with relational conflicts between parents and adolescent children. Each family member's stage of change was defined according to three criteria: seeing the conflict as a relational problem, assuming part of the responsibility for the dysfunctional relationship, and understanding one's own mental and emotional states and those of the other family members involved in the conflict (mentalization). Our dropout rate for the sample was 41.8% and was higher for immigrant families. We found a strong association between engagement and the contemplation stage of change, particularly the mother's. In family conflict interventions, participation of all the family members is essential so as raise awareness of the relational aspects of the conflict and the shared responsibility for the conflict and its resolution.     

The mediating role of work-to-family conflict in the relationship between shiftwork and depression

Abstract

With significant segments of the working population involved in shiftwork, there is the possibility of serious health outcomes. There are two possible pathways to ill health. In the biological pathway the body's circadian rhythms are affected, leading to physiological disturbances and the inability to cope. By contrast, the aim of this study is to elucidate a social pathway by which shiftwork may lead to mental ill health. It examines the mediating influence of work-to-family conflict in the association between shiftwork and depression. Gender differences are also investigated. The sample included 2,931 Canadian respondents with a spouse and at least one child living at home. Close to 28% of respondents were involved in some form of shiftwork. Structural equation modelling supported partial mediation through work-to-family conflict. Further analyses found that mediation was supported in sub-samples of male and female respondents. The results, however, suggest that the experience of shiftwork is quite similar for men and women as no significant differences were found between mediating models. Overall, the findings support the social explanation of the effect of shiftwork on mental health, but they do not rule out other social or biological pathways.     

消费者在线购物从众为何如此普及——从冲突视角的一个神经学研究

消费者趋向于作出冲突最小的决策,这就是为什么消费者购物,特别是在线购物中从众行为如此普及的原因.因为不难猜测,当基于从众策略作出购买决策时,消费者面临最小的冲突.相反,如果作出反从众决策,消费者将面临巨大的冲突.为了检验这些猜测,本文以在线购书为例,采用神经科学实验的脑成像技术——事件相关电位(ERP)来探索由消费者从众和反从众决策引起的冲突的心理和神经机制.研究结果表明,反从众决策诱发出了明显的反映冲突的晚期负成分N400,而从众决策诱发出的是明显的晚期正成分LPP.N400可能意味着消费者作出反从众决策时必须面对认知和情感冲突,而LPP意味着消费者作出从众决策时无须面对这些冲突.该发现在神经和心理层面合理地解释了为什么消费者购物中从众现象如此普及.     

工作家庭平衡的结构验证及其因果分析

本文研究中国大陆已婚员工工作家庭平衡四因素的前因和结果变量。验证性因子分析的结果支持了Frone有关工作家庭平衡的四因素模型,表明工作家庭平衡是一个双重指向的(工作-家庭,家庭-工作)包括冲突和促进的四重构面概念。多元逐步回归分析结果揭示了工作家庭冲突与促进的不同形成机制,角色过载是工作家庭冲突的首要前因变量,角色投入是工作家庭促进的首要前因变量。此外,工作-家庭冲突与工作满意度和生活满意度显著负相关,家庭-工作促进与生活满意度显著正相关。     

冲突升级对干预机制的内在要求

近年来我国社会冲突干预机制建设偏重于干涉规则的专门化和干涉机构的正规化,这显示了制度设计者强烈的功能主义理论倾向。分析格拉斯尔冲突升级理论对社会冲突干预机制建设的影响,就是要从功能主义的理论盲区中选点观察功能主义理论指导下的机制建设可能存在的问题。这样做的意义在于为我国社会冲突干预机制建设及其评价提供一个新的理论视角。     

高校学生伤害事故的法律责任认定及处理

在高校办学过程中学生伤害事故很难避免。本文从法律视角对高校学生伤害事故进行了界定,明确了学生伤害事故的违约责任和侵权责任,提出高校学生伤害事故责任竞合应采取允许竞合模式,同时,对高校学生伤害事故提出了处理和防范的原则和措施。     

论中唐政治中"士的超越性"的危机和希望

该文着重探讨中唐政治中“士的超越性”的危机与希望。认为“士”能否认定自己的文化优势是其保持“超越性”的关键。中唐的“士”陷入功利习气之中,从而给“士的超越性”带来了危机。始于初盛唐之际的所谓“文学与吏事之争”在中唐继续展开,其实质是“士”自发地捍卫自己的文化优势。以韩愈为代表的“新儒”用道德形而上学去建构和巩固“士”的文化优势,从而揭开了“士的新自觉”的序幕。     

从伦理学角度解析《喜福会》中的文化冲突

本文从伦理学的角度分析了美国华裔女作家谭恩美（Amy Tan）的小说《喜福会》中四位母亲和她们的四个女儿之间的相互冲突和相互融合的心灵历程，揭示了母女两代人所代表的儒家思想和美国精神之间的文化冲突。表现在以下四个方面：中国家庭中的长幼尊卑和美国家庭中的平等观念之间的；中突；中国式的谦虚与美国式的直爽之间的冲突；儒家伦理中的家族观念与美国精神中的个人主义之间的冲突；作为华裔的女儿与美国白人之间的冲突。     

论价值冲突与价值认同

随着全球化进程的加快,价值冲突愈演愈烈.阐述了应坚持"先进文化"的前进方向,警惕西方发达国家向中国输出其价值观念的"文化渗透"现象;指出我们应积极挖掘传统文化的优秀成份,加强当代中国的价值观建设.     

《喜福会》中的文化内涵及其对“东方主义”的解构

文化的冲突与融合一直都是那些生活在两种文化是的美国华裔作家体验最为深刻的问题之一。《喜福会》以独特的视角关注了华裔群体在两种文化冲撞中的生存以及对于命运和人生选择的思考,从而表达了作者对中美文化最终走向融合寄予了无限的希望。