虚拟社会分层——兼与现实社会分层比较

人类历次科技革命都对社会形态产生了巨大影响,今天信息技术革命对社会形态的显著影响表现为虚拟社会的兴起,使得社会存在两副社会结构:现实社会结构与虚拟社会结构。论题基于社会分层视角,对虚拟社会结构展开实证研究,将虚拟社会结构分为五个阶层,并对照其现实社会分层位置,研究发现虚拟社会分层将那些现实社会底层推向虚拟社会上层,而现实社会上层则处于虚拟社会底层。这种阶层位置倒置对现实社会秩序产生强烈的冲击,这也正是今天社会治理的重要面向。     

基于ECA规则的业务行为描述方法

给出了业务行为的形式化描述,并在此基础上利用ECA规则详细给出了业务行为过程的描述方法、业务行为内部活动之间的关系模型,以及不同业务行为之间的关系模型,使业务行为过程描述变得清楚,而且有利于机器的自动解释。基于ECA规则的业务过程模型对过程的调整和动态变化带来了方便,增强了其适应变化的能力。     

Work–family conflict: The importance of differentiating between different facets of job characteristics

This review study clarifies the relationships between job characteristics and work–family conflict (WFC) by differentiating among three facets of job characteristics: latent, perceived, and enacted. To date, research linking job characteristics to WFC has not distinguished the facets of job demands and job resources in this way. Such distinctions are important as a means of understanding the affective, behavioural, and cognitive processes involved in determining how and when job characteristics relate to WFC. Our review of 115 studies showed that perceived job characteristics have been most commonly explored in relation to WFC, whereas latent and enacted job characteristics have been hardly examined. While these findings may not be surprising, our contribution lies in reviewing the literature through the lens of these categories. Based on the findings, and through highlighting examples in the extant literature, we argue that understanding job characteristics in terms of both how they are perceived and enacted by workers will provide a deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the relationship between job characteristics and WFC. In order to inform evidence-based interventions, future research must uncover the dynamic mechanisms underpinning the connection between job characteristics and WFC through a focus on enacted job facets and the cognitive, affective, and behavioural processes involved.     

马克思恩格斯的劳资利益关系思想

近年来，随着非公有制经济的发展，非公有制领域就业人口的逐渐增多，劳资矛盾冲突问题越来越突出。劳资关系是马克思恩格斯研究的核心，通过分析资本对劳动的剥削理论，马克思恩格斯构建起来科学社会主义的理论大厦。马克思恩格斯的劳资关系思想主要包括劳资关系形成的基础、资本对劳动的剥削与劳资矛盾、资本对劳动的权力、资本积累收入差距、工会在劳资关系中的作用、世界市场与国际劳资关系等内容。     

Double trouble: work–family conflict and well-being for second job holders

The purpose of this study was to provide an initial investigation into the work–family conflict (WFC) experiences of individuals who hold a second job. Specifically, we proposed two opposing theoretical arguments regarding the relationship between WFC and four measures of well-being: life satisfaction, physical health, emotional exhaustion, and exercise for individuals who hold two jobs. In a sample of individuals working two jobs, we tested whether the effects of WFC arising from the first job and from the second job exerted an additive or interactive effect on employee well-being. Our results indicated that for emotional exhaustion, physical symptoms, and life satisfaction, the effects of WFC from two jobs are interactive; but that for exercise, the effects of WFC from two jobs are additive. In both cases, the additional WFC experienced as a result of working a second job contributed to the prediction of employee well-being over and above WFC from the first job. Results are discussed within the context of relevant theory, and suggestions are made for future research.     

论服装设计大赛与高校服装设计教育的关系

近年来,中国各类服装设计大赛迅猛发展,在为服装行业挖掘设计人才的同时,也为中国高校服装设计教育提供了一个良好的行业氛围。本文通过分析服装大赛与高校服装设计教育之间的关系,总结了各类服装设计大赛的规则设置、评判标准及组织形式,并针对大赛参与各方如何共同进入一个良性的发展空间提出了若干建议。     

Factors Preventing Gridlock in Chilean Couples’ Relationships Based on the Discourse of Couples Therapists and Highly Adjusted Couples

The term gridlock describes the occurrence of rigid patterns in couples’ conflict. This study aimed to describe strategies of conflict resolution and gridlock prevention from the perspectives of couples and couple therapists. Participants were couple therapists and highly adjusted couples scored by the dyadic adjustment scale (DAS), distributed according to traditional and non‐traditional position in life and duration of relationships. Conflict gridlock scenarios were used to create video stimulus that were presented to participants. A qualitative methodology was used to analyse couples’ and therapists’ commentaries on the scenarios. Results showed differences in preventing conflict gridlock among sub‐groups of couples. Long‐term traditional couples focused on loyalty to a common project and value sacrificing to a higher good; long‐term non‐traditional couples prioritised caring and validating the bond in the relationship. Short‐term traditional couples focused on mutual love and the relief of hurt while short‐term non‐traditional couples supported the value of equity.     

规范与失范——清代平民家庭夫妻冲突问题研究

中国文化从家庭出发,认可的两性关系就是夫妻关系。古代的礼教、国法、家法族规无一不重视规范这一家庭核心关系。在此规范体系下,虽然"夫主妇从"型和谐夫妻关系是理想的古代夫妻关系,但是暴力冲突型的夫妻关系也在平民家庭中占有相当的比重,而形成这一失范的夫妻关系的原因同样也要从上述规范中去寻找,规范与失范的夫妻关系共同构成了古代家庭的生活的实态。     

Caught in the Cross Fire: Children’s Right to Education During Conflict — The Case of Nepal 1996–2006

The article focuses on the impact on children, schools and education during the 10 year conflict in Nepal and raises questions for further research on schooling in the post‐conflict era. The article is based on research undertaken as part of a British Council funded Higher Education Link. Focus group discussions and interviews were conducted with school children, parents, teachers and community leaders between 2004 and 2006 and draws on informal discussions and observations with NGOs and teachers in the post‐conflict period, including NGOs visual methods to enable children’s voices to be heard in the peace process.     

广州番禺垃圾焚烧发电厂冲突事件分析

发生在2009年的广州番禺垃圾焚烧发电厂公共决策事件,就系统工程冲突分析的视角而言,存在着八种可行结局,局中人广州番禺区政府和当地居民有着不同的偏好向量。从冲突中的稳定性分析可以得出两个整体稳定性结局,一个合作解和一个非合作解,而合作解的实现需要政府认真切实地对待才能实现。