论代理成本的控制——兼议我国公司治理结构的完善

现代公司制的本质是委托代理制.由于利益与信息的不对称,经理层所做出的决策可能会背弃股东的利益,产生代理问题.西方国家一般是通过持股权、报酬合约、董事会、经理市场、公司控制权市场与机构持股等方式协调经理人员与股东的利益取向.要完善我国的公司治理结构,作为政府部门必须为企业创造一个公平竞争的环境,尤其是完善公司内部的治理结构,建立科学的企业制度.     

从战略成本管理视角分析SD酒店的成本控制问题

酒店经营的最终目标是实现利润最大化,要实现此目标,成本管理是关键.在理解酒店战略成本控制理论的基础上,以SD花园酒店为案例,剖析其企业战略成本控制存在的主要问题,并从现代战略成本控制的视角,提出了改进酒店成本控制的方法与措施.     

2008版清单计价规范下中英工程量清单计价比较研究

从英国工程量清单计价模式的特点出发，并结合我国最新颁布的2008版《建设工程工程量清单计价规范》，通过分析比较两国清单内容、工程量计算规则、清单计价方法和招投标制度，指出我国现行清单计价的不足，并对进一步完善与发展我国清单计价提出参考意见。     

Estimation of firm-specific technological bias,technical change and total factor productivity growth: a dual approach

This paper deals with modeling firm-specific technical change (TC), and technological biases (inputs and scale) in estimating total factor productivity (TFP) growth. Several dual parametric econometric models are used for this purpose. We examine robustness of TFP growth and TC among competing models. These models include the traditional time trend (TT) model and the general index (GI) model. The TT and the GI models are generalized to accommodate firm-specific TC and technological bias (in inputs and output). Both nested and non-nested tests are used to select the appropriate models. Firm-level panel data from the Japanese chemical industry during 1968- 1987 is used as an application.     

企业环境管理动因分析

针对企业环境管理问题,采用定性分析和定量分析结合的方法,分析了环境管理的目标和环境管理动因,指出环境管理目标取决于企业的目标,企业环境管理的动因主要是利益驱动和社会责任。环境管理利益驱动目标和社会责任目标在许多方面是一致的,对于不一致地方,可以通过法律调节的同时,要求企业勇于承担社会责任。研究结果对企业环境管理有指导意义。     

Catastrophe Risk Models for Evaluating Disaster Risk Reduction Investments in Developing Countries

Major natural disasters in recent years have had high human and economic costs, and triggered record high postdisaster relief from governments and international donors. Given the current economic situation worldwide, selecting the most effective disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures is critical. This is especially the case for low‐ and middle‐income countries, which have suffered disproportionally more economic and human losses from disasters. This article discusses a methodology that makes use of advanced probabilistic catastrophe models to estimate benefits of DRR measures. We apply such newly developed models to generate estimates for hurricane risk on residential structures on the island of St. Lucia, and earthquake risk on residential structures in Istanbul, Turkey, as two illustrative case studies. The costs and economic benefits for selected risk reduction measures are estimated taking account of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. We conclude by emphasizing the advantages and challenges of catastrophe model‐based cost‐benefit analyses for DRR in developing countries.     

中、日、韩人口经济制度的阶段比较

中日韩三个国家因为地理、历史原因具有很强的发展趋同性,具有共同的人口经济发展阶段特征,引领着东亚经济快速发展。在人口经济制度方面正在进行或即将进行第四个发展阶段。经过研究认为契约关系是中日韩在人口经济制度发展变革中共同的认同点。从战略发展来看,及时调整各利益集团的利益合理分配、推动公共活动效率透明化是实现这一地区完成人口经济制度巨大变革的关键措施。     

Economics of the firm and economic growth: a hybrid theoretical framework of analysis

Abstract

The main goal of this study is to achieve a critical discussion around the conceptualization of the firm and its role in the dynamic process of economic growth. By reviewing the theoretical matrix of the economics of the firm we go beyond the mainstream economics of the firm proposing a hybrid approach combining evolutionary and population ecology, which is likely to constitute a fruitful path for the conceptualization of the firm in the process of economic growth. Specifically, the analysis confronts the distinct theoretical perspectives around some imperative and controversial issues such as the nature of knowledge and learning and the cognitive capacities of economic agents within the firm. We argue that the economic understanding of growth and development of human societies will strongly benefit from a conceptualization of the firm capable of capturing the spirit of the Knightian firm. Overcoming the shortcomings of the mainstream growth models, which conceive firms as a black box, the proposed hybrid approach recalls the true nature of the firm as an organization. Issues related to the organizational arrangements that sustain the feasibility of productive activities and to the incentive contracts are also taken into account. Although acknowledging some recent important contributions within mainstream economic growth theory to adopt more realistic concepts of the firm, we believe that evolutionary and organizational population perspectives include crucial pointers in developing further research aimed at the construction of economic growth models based on a micro-economic perspective that is closer to the reality of firms.     

建设工程项目筹资结构优化

工程项目建设 ,必须要有足够的资金支持 ,面对庞大的资金需求 ,可以从资本市场上寻求投资资金 ,因而如何使筹资结构优化便成为一个重要问题。从筹资方式选择入手 ,分析几种常见筹资手段的特点 ,从中寻求最优筹资结构组合 ,力求避免目前筹资结构单一 ,筹资决策盲目性等问题     

基于系统动力学模型的发动机再制造经济性研究

从生产和物流成本出发,对发动机再制造经济性进行分析。基于系统动力学建立发动机再制造全过程关键因素及成本分析模型,研究了不同批量、不同库存策略、不同管理方法下的再制造成本,最后通过系统动力学软件Vensim对成本模型进行模拟仿真,并得出结论:随着产能的扩大,为降低回收成本,应在原有网络的基础上进一步扩大回收网络;因缺货带来的影响非常明显,应采取面向订单生产模式的库存策略以减少缺货成本。