Organizing the Global Value Chain

We develop a property‐rights model of the firm in which production entails a continuum of uniquely sequenced stages. In each stage, a final‐good producer contracts with a distinct supplier for the procurement of a customized stage‐specific component. Our model yields a sharp characterization for the optimal allocation of ownership rights along the value chain. We show that the incentive to integrate suppliers varies systematically with the relative position (upstream versus downstream) at which the supplier enters the production line. Furthermore, the nature of the relationship between integration and “downstreamness” depends crucially on the elasticity of demand faced by the final‐good producer. Our model readily accommodates various sources of asymmetry across final‐good producers and across suppliers within a production line, and we show how it can be taken to the data with international trade statistics. Combining data from the U.S. Census Bureau's Related Party Trade database and estimates of U.S. import demand elasticities from Broda and Weinstein (2006), we find empirical evidence broadly supportive of our key predictions. In the process, we develop two novel measures of the average position of an industry in the value chain, which we construct using U.S. Input–Output Tables.     

信息技术如何实现契约治理与关系治理的平衡——基于D公司供应链治理案例

运用纵向案例研究,通过过程模型来解析基于契约和关系二元治理平衡的形成路径,打开信息技术与契约和关系的二元治理平衡之间的"黑箱"。研究发现,促进长期跨组织协同的关键在于实现基于关系和契约的治理机制平衡;信息技术能够在跨组织治理过程中实现治理机制的动态叠加,在治理机制不断优化的过程中实现治理机制之间的平衡。这一研究进一步丰富了跨组织治理理论,对中国企业在互联网环境下的长期合作具有启发和指导意义。     

中、日、韩人口经济制度的阶段比较

中日韩三个国家因为地理、历史原因具有很强的发展趋同性,具有共同的人口经济发展阶段特征,引领着东亚经济快速发展。在人口经济制度方面正在进行或即将进行第四个发展阶段。经过研究认为契约关系是中日韩在人口经济制度发展变革中共同的认同点。从战略发展来看,及时调整各利益集团的利益合理分配、推动公共活动效率透明化是实现这一地区完成人口经济制度巨大变革的关键措施。     

Economics of the firm and economic growth: a hybrid theoretical framework of analysis

Abstract

The main goal of this study is to achieve a critical discussion around the conceptualization of the firm and its role in the dynamic process of economic growth. By reviewing the theoretical matrix of the economics of the firm we go beyond the mainstream economics of the firm proposing a hybrid approach combining evolutionary and population ecology, which is likely to constitute a fruitful path for the conceptualization of the firm in the process of economic growth. Specifically, the analysis confronts the distinct theoretical perspectives around some imperative and controversial issues such as the nature of knowledge and learning and the cognitive capacities of economic agents within the firm. We argue that the economic understanding of growth and development of human societies will strongly benefit from a conceptualization of the firm capable of capturing the spirit of the Knightian firm. Overcoming the shortcomings of the mainstream growth models, which conceive firms as a black box, the proposed hybrid approach recalls the true nature of the firm as an organization. Issues related to the organizational arrangements that sustain the feasibility of productive activities and to the incentive contracts are also taken into account. Although acknowledging some recent important contributions within mainstream economic growth theory to adopt more realistic concepts of the firm, we believe that evolutionary and organizational population perspectives include crucial pointers in developing further research aimed at the construction of economic growth models based on a micro-economic perspective that is closer to the reality of firms.     

论土地承包经营权的完善及相关制度建设

本文以《农村土地承包法》〔1〕存在的缺陷为切入点,以土地利用制度的价值追求———公平和效率的统一为向标,对土地承包经营权的进一步完善进行了探讨,提出了农村土地“三田制”的构想;并考虑到土地利用权利安排的特殊性和复杂性,就三个密切相关的制度建设:改革农地征用制度、建立农地登记制度、建立农地融资制度进行了思索。     

正、负离子表面活性剂混合体系的研究

研究了由一种负离子表面活性剂和两种正离子表面活性剂组成的三元体系，得到了一些相容规律，同时测定了部分二元体系表面张力的下降值．     

传统藏戏的审美张力分析

传统藏戏将教化性和审美性融合统一,形成了具有无限延展的审美空间,被藏民族一代代接受和传承。传统藏戏的多种元素彼此之间相互对抗、冲突和矛盾,形成具有张力的审美空间和强大的审美冲击力,使接受者产生共鸣,在艺术的审美中获得精神的洗礼。在传统藏戏中,主客体巨大反差产生崇高美,体现出藏民不屈的超越精神,以及克服和战胜恐惧后的心灵慰藉和平静;传统藏戏采用佛教逻辑叙述故事,集中体现藏民的人生姿态和精神信仰以及对于真善美的认知和追求,凸显世俗的人性美;藏戏以美的艺术形式和程序化的艺术表演再现普通大众的味与情,形成独具特色的审美情感和审美趣味,最终达到宗教教化的目的;藏戏中戏师的理性讲述与演员的感性表演形成对照,让受众游走于理性与感性之间,对于人物与情节有了更加深刻的感性认知和理性反思;藏戏重复与回环的情节设置使故事情节发展更曲折,人物形象更丰满,主题思想更鲜明,形成了复调之美。     

多重审美感受的整合--多恩诗歌情感张力的建构

英国玄学派代表诗人多恩诗歌具有如下艺术特色 :理性与感性相结合 ,激情与哲理相并重。多恩诗歌建构的情感张力能使读者在欣赏过程中经过多重审美感受的整合 ,体味到玄远的诗境     

土地承包经营权的设立与登记

《物权法》颁布后,我国独特的物权变动立法模式正式确立。《物权法》也首次不区分土地承包经营权的种类而统一规定——在承包合同生效时土地承包经营权设立,这样使得土地承包经营权的物权变动具有特殊之处。通过比较的分析方法发现,由于两种土地承包经营权有着天然的不同之处,其设立的情况也有所不同,所以法律还是需要根据不同的土地承包经营权类型进行不同的法律调整。另外土地承包经营权设立登记的效力在学界也存在着争议,通过案例分析,主张法律应规定赋予土地承包经营权设立登记对抗的效力,同时也应完善细化土地承包经营权的异议登记制度。     

论科技与道德的合理张力

科技与道德是支撑人类社会生活的两支重要力量,保持合理的张力是人类生活的必需,也是历史的结论和现实的诉求。合理的张力意指科技与道德之间的动态平衡,使它们的发展保持在合理的界限,促进科技与道德的共同进步、人与社会的全面发展。必须使科技统一于恪守道德底线和追求道德理想,道德谋求科学性、时代性和相对稳定性的整合,最终合流于人的全面发展和社会健康持续这一终极目标。